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{{Infobox saint
|honorific_prefix=Saint
|name=Gobron
|birth_date=
|death_date=November 17, 914
|feast_day=November 17 ([[Old Style|O.S.]])
|venerated_in=[[Georgian Orthodox Church]]
|image=Sabinin. St. Mikel-Gobron.jpg
|imagesize=
|caption= St Michael-Gobron in military attire
|birth_place=
|death_place=
|titles=
|beatified_date=
|beatified_place=
|beatified_by=
|canonized_date=
|canonized_place=
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}}
'''Gobron''' ({{lang-ka|გობრონი|tr}}) also known as '''Mikel-Gobron''' or '''Michael-Gobron''' ({{lang|ka|მიქელ-გობრონი}}) (died November 17, 914) was a [[Christianity|Christian]] [[Georgians|Georgian]] military commander who led the defense of the fortress of [[Q'ueli]] against the [[Sajids|Sajid]] [[emir]] of [[Azerbaijan (Iran)|Azerbaijan]]. When the fortress fell after a 28-day-long siege, Gobron was captured and beheaded, having rejected inducements to convert to [[Islam]]. Shortly after his death Gobron became the subject of the [[hagiography]] authored by Bishop [[Stepane Mtbevari|Stephen of T'beti]]<ref name="Rayfield">[[Rayfield, Donald]] (2000), ''[[The Literature of Georgia: A History]]'', pp. 48-9. [[Routledge]], {{ISBN|0-7007-1163-5}}.</ref> and a [[saint]] of the [[Georgian Orthodox Church]], which [[calendar of saints|commemorates]] him on [[November 17 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)|November 17]] ([[Old Style|O.S.]], which equates to November 30 on the [[Gregorian calendar]]).<ref name="Machitadze">Machitadze, Archpriest Zakaria (2006), [http://www.pravoslavie.ru/english/7359.htm "Great-Martyr Mikael-Gobron and his 133 Soldiers (†914)"], in [http://www.pravoslavie.ru/enarticles/070306192614 ''The Lives of the Georgian Saints''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080614125437/http://www.pravoslavie.ru/enarticles/070306192614 |date=2008-06-14 }}. ''pravoslavie.ru''. Retrieved on 2011-11-26.</ref> His martyrdom is also mentioned by the medieval [[Georgian Chronicles|Georgian]] and [[Armenia]]n chronicles.<ref name="qim">{{in lang|ka}} Tsagareishvili, Elene (2010). [http://qim.ge/miqel%20gobroni.html მიქელ-გობრონი] (''Mikel-Gobron''). ქართველი ისტორიული მოღვაწენი (''Georgian Historical Figures'') by [[Georgian National Center of Manuscripts]]. Accessed November 26, 2011.</ref>

==Biography==
Gobron is a subject of ''The Passion of the Holy Martyr Gobron, who was Abducted from the Castle of Q'ueli'' (წამებაჲ წმიდისა მოწამისა გობრონისი, რომელი განიყვანეს ყუელის ციხით), composed by Bishop Stephen of T'beti (Stepane Mtbevari) at the behest of the [[Bagrationi dynasty|Georgian Bagratid]] prince [[Ashot I of Tao]] between 914 and 918.<ref name="Rayfield"/> The narrative of Gobron's martyrdom unfolds against the background of the military expedition by [[Yusuf Ibn Abi'l-Saj]], the Sajid emir of Azerbaijan, in Georgia in 914. This campaign was one of the last major attempts on the part of the [[Abbasid Caliphate]] to retain its crumbling hold of the Georgian lands, which, at that time, were a patchwork of rival, native states and Muslim holdings.<ref name="Toumanoff ">[[Cyril Toumanoff|Toumanoff, Cyril]] (1963). ''Studies in Christian Caucasian History'', pp. 437-40, 494-5. [[Georgetown University Press]].</ref>

Yusuf Ibn Abi'l-Saj, the Abul-Kasim of the medieval Georgian sources, [[Sajid invasion of Georgia|invaded Georgia]] from Armenia. He advanced, through the Muslim [[emirate of Tiflis]], into [[Kakheti]], whence he moved into [[Kartli]] and invaded [[Samtskhe]] and [[Javakheti]]. Unable to seize hold of the fortress of [[Tmogvi]], the emir laid siege to Q'ueli, which was then in possession of the Georgian Bagratid prince [[Gurgen II of Tao|Gurgen of Tao]]. [[Siege of Queli|Q'ueli held out for 28 days]]: the young commander Gobron, whose original name—we are told by his biography—was Mikel (Michael), mounted a fierce resistance and made a series of sorties, but he finally felt obliged to surrender to the emir. The Georgian king [[Adarnase IV of Iberia|Adarnase]] succeeded in ransoming certain nobles who had been seized by the Muslims in Q'ueli, but Gobron was kept by the emir in captivity. Neither the promise of honors, nor tortures and witnessing the massacre of 133 of his comrades-in-arms could inveigle Gobron into renouncing Christianity as demanded by Yusuf. According to the ''Passion'', Gobron, grateful to [[Jesus Christ|Christ]] for being chosen as a [[martyr]], met his death through [[decapitation]].<ref name="Rayfield"/>

[[Siege of Queli|Gobron's defense of Q'ueli]], his capture and execution are briefly described by the 11th-century anonymous ''Chronicle of Kartli'', part of the ''[[Georgian Chronicles]]'', which makes reference to the more detailed account by Stephen of T'beti. The execution of Mik'ayel, of [[Gogarene]],<ref>[http://rbedrosian.com/YD/ydh5.htm Yovhannēs Drasxanakertc'i's ''History of Armenia'' (Translation and Commentary by Rev. Fr. Krikor Vardapet Maksoudian)]. Robert Bedrosian's Armenian History Workshop. Accessed November 26, 2011.</ref> is also mentioned by the 10th-century Armenian historian [[John of Draskhanakert]] and later by his compatriot [[Stephen of Taron]].<ref name="qim"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{in lang|ka}} [https://archive.today/20070701045455/http://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcs/cauc/ageo/gh/gh022.htm Martyrium Gobronis] [[TITUS (project)|TITUS]] Old Georgian hagiographical and homiletic texts: Part No. 22. Accessed November 26, 2011.

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Christian saints from Georgia (country)]]
[[Category:10th-century Christian saints]]
[[Category:Eastern Orthodox martyrs]]
[[Category:914 deaths]]
[[Category:Deaths by decapitation]]
[[Category:10th-century people from Georgia (country)]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]

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