關係

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See also: 関係, 關系, and 关系

Chinese

		to close; to shut; to turn off to close; to shut; to turn off; to concern; to involve; mountain pass	be; connection; relation be; connection; relation; tie up; bind
trad. (關係/關系)		關	係/系
simp. (关系)		关	系

Wikipedia has articles on:

關係 (Written Standard Chinese^?)
Guanxi (English)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): guānxì, guānxī

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄢㄒㄧˋ, ㄍㄨㄢㄒㄧ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): гуанщи (guanxi, I-II)
Cantonese (Jyutping): gwaan¹ hai⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): kôan-he / kôan-hen

(Meixian, Guangdong): guan¹ hi⁴
Eastern Min (BUC): guăng-hiê
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): koan-hē

(Teochew, Peng'im): guêng¹ hi⁶ / guang¹ hi⁶
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ¹kue-shi₅; ¹kue-yi₆

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: guānxì → guānxi (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄢㄒㄧˋ → ㄍㄨㄢ ˙ㄒㄧ (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Tongyong Pinyin: guansi̊
  - Wade–Giles: kuan¹-hsi⁵
  - Yale: gwān-syi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guan.shih
  - Palladius: гуаньси (guanʹsi)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku̯än⁵⁵ ɕi⁵¹/ → /ku̯än⁵⁵ ɕi²/
- (Standard Chinese, common variant in Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: guānxī
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄢㄒㄧ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: guansi
  - Wade–Giles: kuan¹-hsi¹
  - Yale: gwān-syī
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guanshi
  - Palladius: гуаньси (guanʹsi)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku̯än⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: гуанщи (guanxi, I-II)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuæ̃²⁴ ɕi⁵¹/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gwaan¹ hai⁶
  - Yale: gwāan haih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gwaan¹ hai⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: guan¹ hei⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷaːn⁵⁵ hɐi̯²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kôan-he / kôan-hen
  - Hakka Romanization System: guan^ˊ he / guan^ˊ hen
  - Hagfa Pinyim: guan¹ he⁴ / guan¹ hen⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ku̯an²⁴⁻¹¹ he⁵⁵/, /ku̯an²⁴⁻¹¹ hen⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: guan¹ hi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /kuan⁴⁴⁻³⁵ hi⁵³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: guăng-hiê
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuaŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ^(h-)ŋiɛ²⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koan-hē
  - Tâi-lô: kuan-hē
  - Phofsit Daibuun: koanhe
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kuan⁴⁴⁻²² he²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kuan³³ he⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kuan⁴⁴⁻²² he²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kuan⁴⁴⁻³³ he³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kuan⁴⁴⁻³³ he³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: guêng¹ hi⁶ / guang¹ hi⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kueng hĭ / kuang hĭ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kueŋ³³⁻²³ hi³⁵/, /kuaŋ³³⁻²³ hi³⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ¹kue-shi₅; ¹kue-yi₆
  - MiniDict: kue^平 shi^去; kue^平 yi^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹kue-xi₂; ¹kue-hhi₃
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kue⁵⁵ ɕi²¹/, /kue⁵⁵ ɦi²¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /kue⁴⁴ ɕi/, /kue⁴⁴ ɦi/

Noun

關係

(countable, uncountable) relation; relationship; connection; tie (Classifier: 個／个; 段)
確定關係／确定关系 ― quèdìng guānxì ― to establish a relationship

密切關係／密切关系 ― mìqiè guānxì ― close relationship

人際關係／人际关系 ― rénjì guānxì ― interpersonal relationships

雙邊關係／双边关系 ― shuāngbiān guānxì ― bilateral relations

勞動關係／劳动关系 ― láodòng guānxì ― labor relations

親子關係／亲子关系 ― qīnzǐ guānxì ― parent-child relationship

夫妻關係／夫妻关系 ― fūqī guānxì ― marriage

世俗和宗教之間的關係 [MSC, trad.]
世俗和宗教之间的关系 [MSC, simp.]
shìsú hé zōngjiào zhījiān de guānxì [Pinyin]
the relationship between the secular and the sacred

別跟他扯上關係。 [MSC, trad.]
别跟他扯上关系。 [MSC, simp.]
Bié gēn tā chě shàng guānxì. [Pinyin]
Don't get involved with him.

他在寫給家裡斷絕關係的信。 [MSC, trad.]
他在写给家里断绝关系的信。 [MSC, simp.]
Tā zài xiě gěi jiālǐ duànjué guānxì de xìn. [Pinyin]
He is writing a letter to sever relations with his family.
(uncountable) connections (people with whom one is acquainted who can offer help and influence); guanxi (specifically in Chinese culture, a combination of business and personal relationships whereby parties enhance their ability to do business by building a bond with personal favors)
靠關係找工作／靠关系找工作 ― kào guānxì zhǎo gōngzuò ― to use one's connections to find a job
(countable, uncountable) cause; reason (for something happening) (Classifier: 個／个 m)
(countable, uncountable) influence; effect; impact (Classifier: 個／个 m)
(uncountable, euphemistic) sexual relations
發生關係／发生关系 ― fāshēng guānxì ― to have sexual relations
(countable, databases) relation

Synonyms

(relation):

交插 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
干涉 (gānshè) (literary)
干過 (Quanzhou Hokkien, Xiamen Hokkien)
底代 (Zhangzhou Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
淵源／渊源 (yuānyuán)
相互聯繫／相互联系 (xiānghù liánxì)
芥蒂 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
連牽／连牵 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)

(connections):

人脈／人脉 (rénmài)
資源／资源 (zīyuán) (euphemistic)
路子 (lùzi)
路數／路数 (lùshù)
門道／门道 (méndao)

(cause):

來由／来由 (láiyóu)
原因 (yuányīn)
因由 (yīnyóu)
因端 (Hokkien)
因致端 (Hokkien)
基因 (jīyīn) (dated)
張本／张本 (zhāngběn) (literary)
成因 (chéngyīn)
所以然 (suǒyǐrán)
根由 (gēnyóu)
理由 (lǐyóu)
緣故／缘故 (yuángù)
緣由／缘由 (yuányóu)
緣起／缘起 (yuánqǐ)
肇因 (zhàoyīn)
言因 (Anxi Hokkien)
說道／说道 (shuōdao) (colloquial)
起因 (qǐyīn)
道理 (dàolǐ)

(influence): 影響／影响 (yǐngxiǎng), 作用 (zuòyòng)
(sexual relations):

兩性關係／两性关系 (liǎngxìng guānxì) (between men and women)
性愛／性爱 (xìng'ài)
性關係／性关系 (xìngguānxi)

Derived terms

Verb

關係

to involve; to relate (to); to concern
關係到人類的生死存亡 [MSC, trad.]
关系到人类的生死存亡 [MSC, simp.]
guānxì dào rénlèi de shēngsǐcúnwáng [Pinyin]
to concern the survival of the human race

Synonyms

事關／事关 (shìguān)
攀 (pān)
涉及 (shèjí)
牽扯／牵扯 (qiānchě)
牽涉／牵涉 (qiānshè)
連帶／连带 (liándài)
關乎／关乎 (guānhū)
關涉／关涉 (guānshè) (literary)
關聯／关联 (guānlián)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (關係):

→ Japanese: 関係(かんけい) (kankei)
→ Korean: 관계(關係) (gwan'gye)
→ Vietnamese: quan hệ (關係)

Others:

→ English: guanxi

Japanese

Kanji in this term
關	係
かん Hyōgai	けい Grade: 3
kan'on

For pronunciation and definitions of 關係 – see the following entry.

【関係かんけい】

[noun] relationship, relation

[noun] involvement, participation

[noun] personal connection, family relationship

[noun] romantic relationship

[verb] be related

[verb] be romantically involved

(This term, 關係, is the kyūjitai of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja in this term
關	係

Noun

關係 • (gwan'gye) (hangeul 관계)

hanja form^? of 관계 (“relationship”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
關	係

Noun

關係

chữ Hán form of quan hệ (“relationship”).

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