迎

迎	U+8FCE, 迎 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8FCE

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

迎 (Kangxi radical 162, 辵+4, 8 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 7 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 卜竹女中 (YHVL), four-corner 3730₂, composition ⿺辶卬)

Derived characters

𠶐, 𭪧, 𫤏, 𨓑, 𥈁

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1254, character 3
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38748
Dae Jaweon: page 1736, character 13
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3821, character 9
Unihan data for U+8FCE

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 迎
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (卬) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
卬	ŋaːŋ, ŋaŋʔ
枊	ŋaːŋ, ŋaːŋs
昂	*ŋaːŋ
仰	ŋaŋʔ, ŋaŋs
迎	ŋaŋ, ŋraŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋaŋ, *ŋraŋs) : semantic 辶 + phonetic 卬 (OC *ŋaːŋ, *ŋaŋʔ).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ŋra-k/ŋ (“to meet; to encounter”). Cognate with Burmese ငြင်း (ngrang:, “to refuse to obey; to argue”). Within Chinese, it is related to:

禦 (OC *ŋaʔ, *ŋas, “to defend”)
迕 (OC *ŋaːs, “to meet; to go against”)
迓 (OC *ŋraːs, “to receive; to defend”)
溯 (OC *sŋaːɡs, “to go upstream”)
逆 (OC *ŋraɡ, “to greet; to go against; to resist”)

Pronunciation 1

trad.		迎
simp. ^#		迎
2nd round simp.		迊

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): yíng (ying²)

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄥˊ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): йин (yin, I)
Cantonese (Jyutping): jing⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): ngiàng

(Meixian, Guangdong): ngiang²
Jin (Wiktionary): ing¹
Northern Min (KCR): nia̿ng
Eastern Min (BUC): ngiàng / ngìng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): ngiâ / gêng

(Teochew, Peng'im): ngêng⁵ / ngiêng⁵
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶gnin
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): in²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yíng
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄥˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yíng
  - Wade–Giles: ying²
  - Yale: yíng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yng
  - Palladius: ин (in)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iŋ³⁵/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: йин (yin, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iŋ²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: jing⁴
  - Yale: yìhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jing⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: ying⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɪŋ²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiàng
  - Hakka Romanization System: ngiang^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ngiang²
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯aŋ¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: ngiang²
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋiaŋ¹¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: ing¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /iŋ¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: nia̿ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /niaŋ³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ngiàng / ngìng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋiaŋ⁵³/, /ŋiŋ⁵³/

Note:

ngiàng - vernacular (“to parade through the streets; to become dry; to stick up”);
ngìng - literary (“to welcome, to meet; to face; to flatter”).

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngiâ
  - Tâi-lô: ngiâ
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ngiaa
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ŋiã¹³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei): /ŋiã²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ŋiã²³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gêng
  - Tâi-lô: gîng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: geeng
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡiɪŋ²³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡiɪŋ¹³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei): /ɡiɪŋ²⁴/

Note:

ngiâ - vernacular (“to parade through the streets; to meet, to greet”);
gêng - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: ngêng⁵ / ngiêng⁵
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngêng / ngiêng
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋeŋ⁵⁵/, /ŋieŋ⁵⁵/

Note:

ngêng5 - Shantou;
ngiêng5 - Chaozhou.

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶gnin
  - MiniDict: nyin^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³nyin
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲin²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: in²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /in¹³/

Middle Chinese: ngjaeng

Rime
Character	迎
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	庚 (111)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	語京切
Baxter	ngjaeng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋˠiæŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋᵚiaŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋiaŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋiajŋ/
Li Rong	/ŋiɐŋ/
Wang Li	/ŋĭɐŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ŋi̯ɐŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yíng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jing⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*ŋ<r>aŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*ŋaŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	迎
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yíng
Middle Chinese	‹ ngjæng ›
Old Chinese	/*ŋ<r>aŋ/
English	go to meet
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	迎
Reading #	1/2
No.	34
Phonetic component	卬
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	迎
Old Chinese	/*ŋaŋ/

Definitions

迎

to receive; to welcome; to greet; to meet
歡迎／欢迎 ― huānyíng ― welcome
to flatter; to ingratiate with
to face; to go against; to do something in face of ...; to forge ahead
迎著風跑／迎著风跑 ― yíngzhe fēng pǎo ― to run against the wind
(obsolete) to predict; to forecast
(Min) to escort (a god, hero etc.) through the streets; to parade through the streets
(Eastern Min, of food) to become dry (due to exposure to the wind)
(Eastern Min, of hair) to stick up; to become erect
a surname

Usage notes

In the sense to face, often followed by 著／着 (zhe).

Synonyms

(to face):

edit

朝向 (cháoxiàng)
正視／正视 (zhèngshì)
瀕臨／濒临 (bīnlín)
直視／直视 (zhíshì)
直面 (zhímiàn)
面向 (miànxiàng)
面對／面对 (miànduì)
面臨／面临 (miànlín)

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

trad.		迎
simp. ^#		迎

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yìng (ying⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄥˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jing⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yìng
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄥˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yìng
  - Wade–Giles: ying⁴
  - Yale: yìng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yinq
  - Palladius: ин (in)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iŋ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: jing⁶
  - Yale: yihng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jing⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: ying⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɪŋ²²/

Middle Chinese: ngjaengH

Rime
Character	迎
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	庚 (111)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	魚敬切
Baxter	ngjaengH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋˠiæŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋᵚiaŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋiaŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋiajŋ^H/
Li Rong	/ŋiɐŋ^H/
Wang Li	/ŋĭɐŋ^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ŋi̯ɐŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yìng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jing⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*ŋ<r>aŋ-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*ŋraŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	迎
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yìng
Middle Chinese	‹ ngjæng^H ›
Old Chinese	/*ŋ<r>aŋ-s/
English	go to meet
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	迎
Reading #	2/2
No.	35
Phonetic component	卬
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	迎
Old Chinese	/*ŋraŋs/

Definitions

迎

(obsolete) to prepare to greet a guest before their arrival
42nd tetragram of the Taixuanjing (𝌯)

Compounds

親迎／亲迎

Japanese

Shinjitai	迎
Kyūjitai ^[1]	迎󠄁 迎+`󠄁`^? (Adobe-Japan1)
	迎󠄃 迎+`󠄃`^? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

迎

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

Go-on: ぎょう (gyō)
Kan-on: げい (gei, Jōyō)
Kun: むかえる (mukaeru, 迎える, Jōyō)、むかえ (mukae, 迎え)

Proper noun

Kanji in this term
迎
むかい Grade: S
kun'yomi

Kanji in this term
迎
むかえ Grade: S
kun'yomi

迎(むかえ) or 迎(むかい) • (Mukae or Mukai)

a surname

References

^ “迎”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024

Korean

Hanja

迎 (eumhun 맞을 영 (majeul yeong))

hanja form^? of 영 (“to meet; to greet; welcome”)

Vietnamese

Han character

迎: Hán Nôm readings: nghênh, nghinh, ngảnh, nghểnh, nghiêng, nginh

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[1] “迎”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024

[1]