賽

See also: 赛

賽	U+8CFD, 賽 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8CFD

← 購
[U+8CFC]

CJK Unified Ideographs

賾 →
[U+8CFE]

Translingual

Han character

賽 (Kangxi radical 154, 貝+10, 17 strokes, cangjie input 十廿金金 (JTCC), four-corner 3080₆, composition ⿱𡨄貝)

Derived characters

㘔(𫬐)
𡤐, 𨙇

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1211, character 22
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36886
Dae Jaweon: page 1677, character 17
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3655, character 10
Unihan data for U+8CFD

Chinese

trad.		賽
simp.		赛
2nd round simp.		⿱宀覀
alternative forms		𡧳 former Singaporean simp. & 1981 second round simp.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 賽
Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (塞) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
賽	*slɯːɡs
塞	slɯːɡs, slɯːɡ
簺	*slɯːɡs
僿	*hljɯɡs
寨	zraːds, slɯːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *slɯːɡs) : abbreviated phonetic 塞 (OC *slɯːɡs, *slɯːɡ) + semantic 貝 (“shell”).

Etymology

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Was this common in Classical Chinese, and if not, where did it come from? The apparent rarity in Sino-Xenic is a bit puzzling if it was common since OC.”

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): sài (sai⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄙㄞˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): sai⁴
Cantonese (Jyutping): coi³
Gan (Wiktionary): sai⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chhoi / soi

(Meixian, Guangdong): soi⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): sai³
Northern Min (KCR): so̿
Eastern Min (BUC): suói
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): sài / sèr / sè

(Teochew, Peng'im): sai³
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵se
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): sai⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: sài
  - Zhuyin: ㄙㄞˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sài
  - Wade–Giles: sai⁴
  - Yale: sài
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: say
  - Palladius: сай (saj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /saɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: sai⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: sai
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sai²¹³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: coi³
  - Yale: choi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsoi³
  - Guangdong Romanization: coi³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɔːi̯³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: sai⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sai³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhoi / soi
  - Hakka Romanization System: coi / soi
  - Hagfa Pinyim: coi⁴ / soi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰoi̯⁵⁵/, /soi̯⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: soi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /soɪ⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: sai³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /sai⁴⁵/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: so̿
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /so³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: suói
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sui²¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sài
  - Tâi-lô: sài
  - Phofsit Daibuun: saix
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /sai²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sai⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /sai¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sèr
  - Tâi-lô: sèr
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sə⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sè
  - Tâi-lô: sè
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sex
  - IPA (Taipei): /se¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /se²¹/

Note:

sài - literary;
sèr/sè - vernacular.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: sai³
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sài
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /sai²¹³/

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵se
  - MiniDict: se^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²se
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /se³⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: sai⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sai̯⁴⁵/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 賽
Mandarin	Beijing	/sai⁵¹/
	Harbin	/sai⁵³/
	Tianjin	/sai⁵³/
	Jinan	/sɛ²¹/
	Qingdao	/sɛ⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/sai³¹²/
	Xi'an	/sai⁴⁴/
	Xining	/sɛ²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/sɛ¹³/
	Lanzhou	/sɛ¹³/
	Ürümqi	/sai²¹³/
	Wuhan	/sai³⁵/
	Chengdu	/sai¹³/
	Guiyang	/sai²¹³/
	Kunming	/sæ²¹²/
	Nanjing	/sae⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/se̞⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/sai⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/sæ³⁵/
	Hohhot	/sɛ⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/se³⁵/
	Suzhou	/se̞⁵¹³/
	Hangzhou	/se̞⁴⁴⁵/
	Wenzhou	/se⁴²/
Hui	Shexian	/sɛ³²⁴/
Hui	Tunxi	/sə⁴²/
Xiang	Changsha	/sai⁵⁵/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/sai⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/sai⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/soi⁵³/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/soi⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡sʰɔi³³/
	Nanning	/sɔi³³/
	Hong Kong	/t͡sʰɔi³³/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/sai²¹/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/suɔi²¹²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/so³³/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/sai²¹³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/sai³⁵/

Middle Chinese: sojH

Rime
Character	賽
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	咍 (41)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	先代切
Baxter	sojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sʌi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/səi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/sɒi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/səj^H/
Li Rong	/sᴀi^H/
Wang Li	/sɒi^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/sɑ̆i^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	sài
Expected Cantonese Reflex	soi³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*slɯːɡs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	賽
Reading #	1/1
No.	10957
Phonetic component	塞
Rime group	代
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	賽
Old Chinese	/*slɯːɡs/

Definitions

賽

to compete; to contend
competition; contest; race
決賽／决赛 ― juésài ― final

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

賽

(Hyōgai kanji)

dice
temple visit

Readings

Go-on: さい (sai)
Kan-on: さい (sai)
Kun: しあい (shiai)、きそう (kisō)、むくいまつる (mukuimatsuru)

Korean

Hanja

賽 (eumhun 굿할 새 (guthal sae))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

賽: Hán Nôm readings: tái, trại, tày, tầy, táy

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.