能

能 U+80FD, 能 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-80FD ← 胼 [U+80FC] CJK Unified Ideographs 胾 → [U+80FE]

Stroke order

Stroke order

能 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 戈月心心 (IBPP), four-corner 2121₁, composition ⿰䏍𫧇)

• 㑷, 𠹌, 𢟒, 㨢, 㴰, 𤠗, 褦, 㔮, 𪏛, 態, 熋, 熊, 螚, 䘅, 罷, 𨶙

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 981, character 16
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29454
• Dae Jaweon: page 1433, character 11
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2074, character 1
• Unihan data for U+80FD

trad.		能
simp. #		能
2nd round simp.		𫧇
alternative forms		䏻 𦝕 𫧇

Pictogram (象形) : bear. Compare 熊 (OC *ɢʷlɯm, “bear”). In the character, two paws are visible as a pair of 匕 and the face with the open mouth is stylized as 月.

"bear-like animal"

Apparently an areal word of Austroasiatic origin (Schuessler, 2007; Zhang, 2019). Compare Kharia [script needed] (bɔnɔi), Santali [script needed] (bana, “Indian black bear”) & Lepcha ᰠᰶᰍ (să-na, “bear”), a loanword from Santali.

“be able to; can; ability”

Shijing rhymes point to Old Chinese *nə, but the forms with *-ŋ are also archaic (perhaps ancient dialectal variation?).

Possibly Proto-Sino-Tibetan (which STEDT tentatively reconstructs as *m-nyaŋ (“can, be able”)): compare Tibetan ནུས (nus, “to be able to; capable; to withstand; capacity; strength; force; power; function; energy”), Burmese နိုင် (nuing, “can, be able to, may; master; win; prevail”). Schuessler (2007) also derives 態 (OC *n̥ʰɯːs, “apparition, bearing, manner”) from this; see also 忍 (OC *njɯnʔ, “to suffer, endure”).

Compare the old pre-Sino–Vietnamese loanword nổi (“be able to; capable”).

能

1. (obsolete) a kind of bear
2. ^† (Chinese mythology) A mythological bear-like animal, with deer-like legs.
3. able; capable
4. can; to be able to; to be capable of; to be allowed to

   我能跑得很快。  ―  Wǒ néng pǎo de hěn kuài.  ―  I can run fast.

   有人能幫我嗎？／有人能帮我吗？  ―  Yǒu rén néng bāng wǒ ma?  ―  Is there anybody who can help me?

   漲潮時你不能在這個海灘散步。 [MSC, trad.]
   涨潮时你不能在这个海滩散步。 [MSC, simp.]

   Zhàngcháo shí nǐ bù néng zài zhège hǎitān sànbù. [Pinyin]

   You can't walk along this beach at high tide.

   公共場所不能吸煙。 [MSC, trad.]
   公共场所不能吸烟。 [MSC, simp.]

   Gōnggòngchǎngsuǒ bùnéng xīyān. [Pinyin]

   You’re not allowed to smoke in public.

5. to successfully do something (negate with 沒／没 (méi))

   你能進入這所大學讀書，全靠你父母的關係。 [MSC, trad.]
   你能进入这所大学读书，全靠你父母的关系。 [MSC, simp.]

   Nǐ néng jìnrù zhè suǒ dàxué dúshū, quán kào nǐ fùmǔ de guānxì. [Pinyin]

   You were able to study at this university all because of your parents.

   他沒能趕上末班車。 [MSC, trad.]
   他没能赶上末班车。 [MSC, simp.]

   Tā méi néng gǎnshàng mòbānchē. [Pinyin]

   He didn't manage to catch the last train.

6. (dialectal) cocky

   看把你能的。  ―  Kàn bǎ nǐ néng de.  ―  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

7. may; could

   能不能請你幫個忙？ [MSC, trad.]
   能不能请你帮个忙？ [MSC, simp.]

   Néng bù néng qǐng nǐ bāng ge máng? [Pinyin]

   May I ask a favour of you?

   你能再說一遍嗎？ [MSC, trad.]
   你能再说一遍吗？ [MSC, simp.]

   Nǐ néng zài shuō yībiàn ma? [Pinyin]

   Could you repeat that?

8. rather; would rather
9. ability; capability

   能力  ―  nénglì  ―  capability, ability

   無能／无能  ―  wúnéng  ―  incompetent

10. talent; talented person

    才能  ―  cáinéng  ―  talent, ability

11. energy; power

    太陽能／太阳能  ―  tàiyángnéng  ―  solar energy

    水能  ―  shuǐnéng  ―  hydroelectric power

    動能／动能  ―  dòngnéng  ―  kinetic energy

12. (Sujiahu Wu, Wenzhounese, Jinhua and Quzhou Wu) way; manner

    搿能 [Shanghainese]  ―  ⁸geq-nen [Wugniu]  ―  like this (lit. in this way)

    好好能走 [Shanghainese]  ―  ⁵hau-hau-nen-tseu [Wugniu]  ―  to walk properly

    慢慢能吃 [Wenzhounese]  ―  ma₆-ma₆-nan₂-chiai₇ [Wugniu]  ―  to eat slowly

13. a surname

能

1. ^† Alternative form of 耐 (“to bear; to withstand”)
2. a surname

能

1. ^† Alternative form of 台 (“name of a Chinese constellation”)

   三能  ―  sāntái  ―  Santai (Chinese constellation)

能

1. ^† Alternative form of 態／态 (tài, “bearing; apparition; form; shape; status; position”)

能

1. (obsolete) mythical three-legged soft-shelled turtle

   • 觀鯀之治水無有形狀，乃殛鯀于羽山。鯀投于水，化為黃能，因為羽淵之神。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     观鲧之治水无有形状，乃殛鲧于羽山。鲧投于水，化为黄能，因为羽渊之神。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 趙曄 (Zhao Ye) 《吳越春秋》 "Wuyue Chunqiu"

     Guān gǔn zhī zhìshuǐ wú yǒu xíngzhuàng, nǎi jí gǔn yú yǔshān. Gǔn tóu yú shuǐ, huà wèi huángnái, yīn wèi yǔyuān zhī shén. [Pinyin]

     [Shun] saw that Gun's flood-taming had been in vain, so Gun was imprisoned for life in Yu Mountain. Gun threw himself into the water, and became a yellow three-legged soft-shelled turtle, and he therefore became the god of Yu abyss.

能

1. ^† Only used in 能始 (tāishǐ, “origin; root cause”).

能

1. ^† Alternative form of 熊 (xióng, “bear”)

• “能”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A03329

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

1. ability
2. talent
3. skill
4. capacity

• Go-on: のう (nō, Jōyō)、の (no)、ない (nai)
• Kan-on: どう (dō)、だい (dai)
• Kan’yō-on: たい (tai)
• Kun: あたう (atau, 能う)、よく (yoku, 能く)、よくする (yokusuru, 能くする)
• Nanori: たか (taka)、の (no)、のり (nori)、よし (yoshi)

能(のう) • (nō) 

1. Noh, a form of classical Japanese musical drama.
2. ability, capacity, aptitude.
3. effect, use.

   古(ふる)い議(ぎ)論(ろん)を繰(く)り返(かえ)しても能(のう)はないのだよ。

   Furui giron o kurikaeshite mo nō wa nai no da yo.

   Repeating old arguments isn't of any use / won't have any effect.

• (drama): 能(のう)楽(がく) (nōgaku)

From Middle Chinese 能 (MC nong).

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [nɯŋ]
• Phonetic hangul: [능]

Wikisource

能 (eumhun 능할 능 (neunghal neung))

1. hanja form^? of 능 (“ability”)

Related to Middle Chinese 耐 (MC nojH).

能 (eumhun 견딜 내 (gyeondil nae))

1. (literary Chinese) Alternative form of 耐 (“hanja form^? of 내 (“endure; withstand”)”)

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

From Middle Chinese 能 (MC nong).

能 (no₂)

1. Denotes phonographic syllable no₂.

   Synonym: 乃

• Miyake (2003) p. 33-34

能: Hán Nôm readings: năng, hay, nấng, năn, nằng, nưng

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.