竄

See also: 窜

竄	U+7AC4, 竄 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7AC4

← 竃
[U+7AC3]

CJK Unified Ideographs

竅 →
[U+7AC5]

Translingual

Han character

竄 (Kangxi radical 116, 穴+13, 18 strokes, cangjie input 十金竹難女 (JCHXV), four-corner 3071₇, composition ⿱穴鼠)

Derived characters

攛, 𬉬, 𥎣, 躥, 鑹, 𮪠

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 869, character 1
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25679
Dae Jaweon: page 1298, character 15
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2744, character 7
Unihan data for U+7AC4

Chinese

trad.		竄
simp.		窜
alternative forms		⿱穴𰀁

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (竄) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
躥	*sʰoːn
竄	sʰoːn, sʰoːns
攛	*sʰoːn
鑹	*sʰoːns

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 鼠 (“mouse”) + 穴 (“hole”) – to hide in a hole.

Etymology

Related to 鑽 (OC *ʔsoːn, *ʔsoːns, “to bore, perforate”), with semantic shift "to bore" > "to hide (in a bored-out area)" > "to go into exile" (STEDT).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): cuàn (cuan⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄘㄨㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): cyun³ / cyun²
Eastern Min (BUC): chuáng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chhǹg / chhoàn

(Teochew, Peng'im): cuang³ / cuêng³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: cuàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄘㄨㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cuàn
  - Wade–Giles: tsʻuan⁴
  - Yale: tswàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsuann
  - Palladius: цуань (cuanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰu̯än⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: cyun³ / cyun²
  - Yale: chyun / chyún
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsyn³ / tsyn²
  - Guangdong Romanization: qun³ / qun²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰyːn³³/, /t͡sʰyːn³⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: chuáng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰuɑŋ²¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhǹg / chhoàn
  - Tâi-lô: tshǹg / tshuàn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhngx, zhoaxn
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰŋ̍²¹/, /t͡sʰuan²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰŋ̍⁴¹/, /t͡sʰuan⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰŋ̍²¹/, /t͡sʰuan²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰŋ̍¹¹/, /t͡sʰuan¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰŋ̍²¹/, /t͡sʰuan²¹/

Note:

chhǹg - vernacular;
chhoàn - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: cuang³ / cuêng³
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshuàng / tshuèng
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰuaŋ²¹³/, /t͡sʰueŋ²¹³/

Note:

cuang3 - Shantou;
cuêng3 - Chaozhou.

Middle Chinese: tshwanH, tshwan

Rime
Character	竄	竄
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	清 (14)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)	桓 (62)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	七亂切	七丸切
Baxter	tshwanH	tshwan
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰuɑn^H/	/t͡sʰuɑn/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰʷɑn^H/	/t͡sʰʷɑn/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰuɑn^H/	/t͡sʰuɑn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰwan^H/	/t͡sʰwan/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰuɑn^H/	/t͡sʰuɑn/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰuɑn^H/	/t͡sʰuɑn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡sʰuɑn^H/	/t͡sʰuɑn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cuàn	cuān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cyun³	cyun¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[tsʰ]ˤo[n]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*sʰoːn/, /*sʰoːns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	竄
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	cuàn
Middle Chinese	‹ tshwan^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[tsʰ]ˁo[n]-s/
English	hide; flee
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	竄	竄
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	1869	1871
Phonetic component	竄	竄
Rime group	元	元
Rime subdivision	3	3
Corresponding MC rime		竄
Old Chinese	/*sʰoːn/	/*sʰoːns/

Definitions

竄

(now derogatory) to flee; to go in exile
(literary) to exile; to banish
- 流共工于幽洲，放驩兜于崇山，竄三苗于三危，殛鯀于羽山，四罪而天下咸服。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  流共工于幽洲，放欢兜于崇山，窜三苗于三危，殛鲧于羽山，四罪而天下咸服。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Book of Documents, circa 4^th – 3^rd century BCE
  Liú Gònggōng yú yōuzhōu, fàng huāndōu yú chóngshān, cuàn Sānmiáo yú Sānwēi, jí Gǔn yú Yǔshān, sìzuì ér tiānxià xiánfú. [Pinyin]
  He (Shun) banished the Minister of Works to You island; confined Huan-dou on mount Chong; drove (the chief of) San-miao (and his people) into San-wei, and kept them there; and held Gun a prisoner till death on mount Yu. These four criminals being thus dealt with, all under heaven acknowledged the justice (of Shun's administration).
(literary) to hide
(literary, or in compounds) to revise; to edit
竄改／窜改 ― cuàngǎi ― to doctor; to alter
(neologism, officialese, derogatory) Short for 竄訪／窜访 (cuànfǎng)
- 佩洛西竄臺的若干事實 [MSC, trad.]
  佩洛西窜台的若干事实 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 2022, Xinhua News Agency, [1]
  Pèiluòxī cuàn Tái de ruògān shìshí [Pinyin]
  A few facts about Pelosi's "sneaky" visit to Taiwan
- 針對蔡英文竄美採取反制措施必要且正當 [MSC, trad.]
  针对蔡英文窜美采取反制措施必要且正当 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 2023, People's Daily, [2]
  zhēnduì Cài Yīngwén cuàn Měi cǎiqǔ fǎnzhì cuòshī bìyào qiě zhèngdāng [Pinyin]
  Counter-measures against Tsai Ing-wen's "sneaky" visit are necessary and correct
a surname: Cuan

Synonyms

(to flee):

edit

亡命 (wángmìng)
出亡 (chūwáng) (literary)
出奔 (chūbēn)
散亡 (sànwáng)
流亡 (liúwáng)
走反 (Hokkien, from war)
逃亡 (táowáng)
逃荒 (táohuāng) (from famine)
逃難／逃难 (táonàn) (from a disaster)
逋逃 (būtáo) (literary)
避難／避难 (bìnàn)

(to hide):

edit

伏
匿藏 (nìcáng)
埋
埋藏 (máicáng) (figuratively)
暗囥 (Hokkien, Teochew)
暗藏 (àncáng)
潛藏／潜藏 (qiáncáng)
竄匿／窜匿 (cuànnì)
藏蹤／藏踪 (cángzōng)
藏身 (cángshēn)
藏躲 (cángduǒ)
覕囥／𰴕囥 (Hokkien)
走覕／走𰴕 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
走閃／走闪 (Min Nan)
躲藏 (duǒcáng)
躲避 (duǒbì)
逃 (táo)
逃匿 (táonì)
迴避／回避 (huíbì)
逃避 (táobì)
避諱／避讳 (bìhuì) (colloquial)
閃覕／闪𰴕 (Min Nan)
隱秘／隐秘 (yǐnmì)
隱蔽／隐蔽 (yǐnbì)
隱藏／隐藏 (yǐncáng)
隱覕／隐𰴕 (ín-bih, ún-bih) (Min Nan)
隱避／隐避 (yǐnbì)

(to revise):

edit

修改 (xiūgǎi)
切換／切换 (qiēhuàn)
改動／改动 (gǎidòng)
改換／改换 (gǎihuàn)
改觀／改观 (gǎiguān) (to change appearance, to change one's view)
改變／改变 (gǎibiàn)
改造 (gǎizào)
更動／更动 (gēngdòng)
更換／更换 (gēnghuàn)
更改 (gēnggǎi)
游移 (yóuyí)
移 (yí)
移易 (yíyì) (literary)
竄亂／窜乱 (cuànluàn) (literary)
變／变 (biàn)
變換／变换 (biànhuàn)
變易／变易 (biànyì)
變更／变更 (biàngēng)
變變／变变 (Hokkien)
變革／变革 (biàngé) (chiefly social systems)
轉化／转化 (zhuǎnhuà)
轉換／转换 (zhuǎnhuàn)
轉變／转变 (zhuǎnbiàn)
遷／迁 (qiān)
革變／革变 (gébiàn) (literary)

Compounds

Japanese

See also 竄する

Kanji

竄

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

Go-on: さん (san)
Kan-on: さん (san)
Kan’yō-on: ざん (zan)
Kun: かくれる (kakureru, 竄れる)、のがれる (nogareru, 竄れる)

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

竄 • (chan) (hangeul 찬)

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Vietnamese

Han character

竄: Hán Nôm readings: thoán

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.