瑞

瑞	U+745E, 瑞 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-745E

Translingual

Han character

瑞 (Kangxi radical 96, 玉+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 一土山一月 (MGUMB), four-corner 1212₇, composition ⿰𤣩耑)

Derived characters

𠿩, 𥵇

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 738, character 9
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21131
Dae Jaweon: page 1148, character 28
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1126, character 10
Unihan data for U+745E

Chinese

simp. and trad.		瑞

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 瑞
Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (耑) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
揣	toːlʔ, sʰrolʔ
褍	toːlʔ, toːn
惴	*tjols
圌	djol, djon
篅	djol, djon
瑞	*djols
端	*toːn
剬	toːn, tjonʔ
偳	toːn, tʰoːn
鍴	*toːn
耑	*toːn
踹	toːns, djonʔ
湍	tʰoːn, tjon
煓	*tʰoːn
貒	tʰoːn, tʰoːns
諯	stʰons, tjon, tʰjons, djon
顓	*tjon
喘	*tʰjonʔ
遄	*djon
輲	*djon
椯	*djon
歂	djon, djonʔ
腨	*djonʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *djols) : semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 耑 (OC *toːn).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): ruì (rui⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄖㄨㄟˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): sui⁴ / rui⁴
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): seoi⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): lhui⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): sui

(Meixian, Guangdong): sui⁴
Northern Min (KCR): sṳ̄
Eastern Min (BUC): sôi
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): sūi

(Teochew, Peng'im): sui⁶
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶zoe
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): xyei⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: ruì
  - Zhuyin: ㄖㄨㄟˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ruèi
  - Wade–Giles: jui⁴
  - Yale: rwèi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ruey
  - Palladius: жуй (žuj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: sui⁴ / rui⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: sui / rhui
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /suei²¹³/, /zuei²¹³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: seoi⁶
  - Yale: seuih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: soey⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: sêu⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɵy̯²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: lhui⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬui³²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sui
  - Hakka Romanization System: sui
  - Hagfa Pinyim: sui⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /su̯i⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: sui⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /suɪ⁵³/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sṳ̄
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sy⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: sôi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sui²⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sūi
  - Tâi-lô: suī
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sui
  - IPA (Xiamen): /sui²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sui⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /sui²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /sui³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /sui³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: sui⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sŭi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sui³⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶zoe
  - MiniDict: zoe^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³zoe
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zø²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: xyei⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy̯e̞i̯⁴⁵/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 瑞
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʐuei⁵¹/
	Harbin	/luei²¹³/ /ʐuei²¹³/
	Tianjin	/ʐuei⁵³/
	Jinan	/luei²¹/
	Qingdao	/ʂue⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ʐuei³¹²/
	Xi'an	/fei⁴⁴/
	Xining	/fɨ²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/ʐuei¹³/
	Lanzhou	/fei¹³/
	Ürümqi	/vei²¹³/
	Wuhan	/suei³⁵/
	Chengdu	/suei¹³/ /zuei¹³/
	Guiyang	/suei²¹³/
	Kunming	/ʂuei²¹²/
	Nanjing	/ʐuəi⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/ʂue⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/zuei⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/suei³⁵/
	Hohhot	/ʐuei⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/zø²³/
	Suzhou	/ze³¹/
	Hangzhou	/zz̩ʷei¹³/
	Wenzhou	/zz̩²²/
Hui	Shexian	/ɕye²²/
Hui	Tunxi
Xiang	Changsha	/ɕyei⁵⁵/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/ɕyəi⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/sui²¹/ ～金
Hakka	Meixian	/sui⁵³/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/sui⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/søy²²/
	Nanning	/sui²²/
	Hong Kong	/søy²²/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/sui²²/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/suɔi²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/sy⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/sui³⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/sui³⁵/

Middle Chinese: dzyweH

Rime
Character	瑞
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	支 (12)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	是僞切
Baxter	dzyweH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʑiuᴇ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ʑʷiɛ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʑjuɛ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ʑwiə̆^H/
Li Rong	/ʑiue^H/
Wang Li	/ʑǐwe^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʑwie̯^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shuì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	seoi⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]or-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*djols/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	瑞
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	ruì
Middle Chinese	‹ dzywe^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[d]or-s/
English	jade tablet
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	瑞
Reading #	1/1
No.	2499
Phonetic component	耑
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	睡
Old Chinese	/*djols/

Definitions

瑞

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

瑞

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

congratulations

Readings

Go-on: ずい (zui, 瑞)^{←ずゐ (zwi, ずゐ, historical)}
Kan-on: すい (sui, 瑞)^{←すゐ (swi, すゐ, historical)}
Kun: みず (mizu, 瑞)^{←みづ (midu, 瑞, historical)}、しるし (shirushi, 瑞)、めでたい (medetai, 瑞い)
Nanori: たま (tama)、みつ (mitsu)

Compounds

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “what is its historical reading?”)

Hanja

瑞 (eumhun 상서로울 서 (sangseoroul seo))

hanja form^? of 서 (“auspicious; lucky”)

Vietnamese

Han character

瑞: Hán Nôm readings: thụy/thuỵ, thụy/thuỵ

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.