火

火 U+706B, 火 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-706B ← 灪 [U+706A] CJK Unified Ideographs 灬 → [U+706C]

⽕ U+2F55, ⽕ KANGXI RADICAL FIRE ← ⽔ [U+2F54] Kangxi Radicals ⽖ → [U+2F56]

Stroke order

• 灬 (when used as a bottom Chinese radical)

Stroke order

火 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 火 (F), four-corner 9080₀, composition ⿻⿰丿丿人(GJKV) or ⿻丷人(HT))

1. Kangxi radical #86, ⽕.

• Appendix:Chinese radical/火
• 黑(黒)
• 伙, 吙, 𡵼, 𫹐, 𣲧, 狄, 阦, 𨑯, 𣃛, 𭨬, 𣏹, 𣧛, 𪵘, 𤘭, 𪻓, 𥘙, 𪼸, 𤰹, 疢, 𥄣, 秋, 𦈦, 耿, 𧺩, 鈥(钬), 𩖧, 𣺸, 𫘉, 𩲕, 𩵰, 𪌌
• 邩, 𤬬, 畑, 秌, 𦓒, 烙, 䙺, 𧣌, 𨚊, 𨟽, 䲴, 𠠽, 𪢾, 𡗩, 𣏦, 𣲱, 𦙊, 𭿿, 𮝃, 𬮟, 𡇂
• 𬽄, 灰, 𡭞, 𡵖, 𢏅, 苂, 𭭝, 𣱛, 𤽈, 𬔇, 荧, 𬔲, 羙, 䎡, 𬟩, 𧈾, 䙳, 𧿮, 倐, 𮦉, 𩇭, 𫳡, 𣣛, 𩬊, 𦎟, 𪎖, 𦹪, 𩃏, 齌, 䀆, 㴴, 燮

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 665, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18850
• Dae Jaweon: page 1073, character 19
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2187, character 1
• Unihan data for U+706B

trad.		火
simp. #		火

Pictogram (象形) – pictographic representation of a fire. Written as 灬 when at the bottom of a character, but still seen in the original form in the character 灸.

Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *mej (Schuessler 2007; STEDT). However, see there for phonological problems.

火

1. fire; flame

   可以跟你借一個火嗎？ [MSC, trad.]
   可以跟你借一个火吗？ [MSC, simp.]

   Kěyǐ gēn nǐ jiè yīge huǒ ma? [Pinyin]

   Can I borrow a light?

2. fire (as a disaster); inferno
3. red; fiery; bright; brilliant
4. to burn down
5. light; torch
6. (dialectal) light; lamp
7. anger; rage; wrath
8. to become enraged
9. angry; furious
10. (traditional Chinese medicine) internal heat

    上火  ―  shànghuǒ  ―  inflammation

11. firearm; ammunition; weapon
12. war; warfare
13. thriving; brisk
14. urgent; pressing
15. (neologism) to become popular; to go viral
16. (neologism) to be popular; to be viral

    此帖必火  ―  cǐ tiě bì huǒ  ―  This post will definitely go viral

17. (Cantonese) watt (unit of power)

    ※Definitely, "火" here is a unit of brightness (luminous intensity). However, the brightness of a luminous device is measured in watts in life because of luminous intensity's dependence on power, which resulted in it being bonded to watt, the unit of power.

    20火嘅燈膽／20火嘅灯胆 [Cantonese]  ―  20 fo² ge³ dang¹ daam² [Jyutping]  ―  20-watt lightbulb

18. Short for 火星 (Huǒxīng, “Mars”).
19. (Cantonese) roasted

    Synonyms: 烤 (kǎo), 燒／烧 (shāo)

    火鴨／火鸭 [Cantonese]  ―  fo² aap³ [Jyutping]  ―  roasted duck

• (internal heat (traditional Chinese medicine)):

• “火”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

(First grade kyōiku kanji)

• Go-on: か (ka, Jōyō)^{←くわ (kwa, historical)}
• Kan-on: か (ka, Jōyō)^{←くわ (kwa, historical)}
• Tō-on: こ (ko)
• Kun: ひ (hi, 火, Jōyō)、ほ (ho, 火, Jōyō ^†)

Kanji in this term
火
ひ Grade: 1
kun'yomi

⟨pi₂⟩ → */pʷɨ/ → /ɸi/ → /hi/

From Old Japanese,^[1] from Proto-Japonic *poy.

Apophonic form of ho (see below). Compare 木 (ki, ko-, “tree”).

• (light): 灯

• (Tokyo) ひ [híꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[2]
• IPA^(key): [çi]

火(ひ) • (hi) 

1. a fire:
   1. a flame

      Synonyms: 火気 (kaki), ファイア (faia), 炎 (honō)

   2. cooking fire
   3. a firestarter
   4. sparks
   5. light (matches or lighter)

      火(ひ)を貸(か)してもらえる？

      Hi o kashite moraeru?

      Can I borrow a light?

   6. heat

      Synonyms: 火熱 (kanetsu), 熱 (netsu)

   7. a conflagration

      Synonyms: 火災 (kasai), 火事 (kaji)

   8. a signal fire

      Synonym: 狼煙 (noroshi)

2. (by extension) a light
3. a burning passion
4. menstruation

   Synonym: 月経 (gekkei)

• 火(ひ)を見(み)るよりも明(あき)らか (hi o miru yori mo akiraka, “clearer than seeing the fire → as plain as day, as plain as the nose on one's face, as clear as a bell”)

Kanji in this term
火
ほ Grade: 1
kun'yomi

/po/ → /ɸo/ → /ho/

From Old Japanese.^[1]

Combining form of hi above. Probably the oldest form, possibly cognate with Korean 불 (bul, “fire”).

• IPA^(key): [ho̞]

火(ほ) • (ho) 

1. a fire

Kanji in this term
火
か Grade: 1
on'yomi

/kwa/ → /ka/

From Middle Chinese 火 (MC xwaX).^[1]

• (Tokyo) か [káꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[2]
• IPA^(key): [ka̠]

火(か) • (ka) ^{←くわ (kwa)?}

1. a fire
2. one of the five classical elements in traditional Chinese philosophy and medicine: see Wu Xing on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
3. (historical) under the old 律令 (Ritsuryō) system of ancient Japan, a military grouping, consisting of 10 soldiers: a squad

   Synonym: 分隊 (buntai)

4. Short for 火曜日 (kayōbi): Tuesday

• 風林火山(ふうりんかざん) (fūrinkazan)

火(か) • (ka) ^{←くわ (kwa)?}

1. fire
2. light
3. burning
4. passion
5. imminently
6. explosive

火(か) • (Ka) ^{←くわ (Kwa)?}

1. Antares, in the constellation Scorpio

   Synonyms: アンタレス (Antaresu), 大火 (Taika)

From Middle Chinese 火 (MC xwaX).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	황〯 (Yale: hwǎ)
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
	Gloss (hun)	Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2]	블〮 (Yale: púl)	화〯 (Yale: hwǎ)

• (in {{ko-l|1=화요|2=火曜}}):
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ɸwa̠]
  • Phonetic hangul: [화]
• (fire; anger; etc.):
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ɸwa̠(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [화(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Wikisource

火 (eumhun 불 화 (bul hwa))

1. hanja form^? of 화 (“fire; heat”) [affix]
2. hanja form^? of 화 (“anger”) [noun]
3. hanja form^? of 화 (“(as an abbreviation) Mars”)
4. hanja form^? of 화 (“Short for 화요일(火曜日) (hwayoil, “Tuesday”).”)

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

From Proto-Japonic *poy.

Apophonic form of po₁ (see below).

Compare the development of 木 (ki₂, ko₂-, “tree”).

火 (pi₂) (kana ひ)

1. a fire
   • 711–712, Kojiki, poem 24:

     佐泥佐斯佐賀牟能袁怒邇毛由流肥能本那迦邇多知弖斗比斯岐美波母

     sanesasi Sagamu no₂ wono₁ ni mo₁yuru pi₂ no₂ po₁naka ni tatite to₁pi₁si ki₁mi₁ pa mo₂

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. (by extension) a light

• 火の神 (pi₂ no₂ kami₂, “fire deity”)
• 葦火 (asipi₂, “fire using dried reeds as kindling or fuel”)

• Japanese: 火 (hi), 灯 (hi)

Combining form of pi₂ above, probably the older form.

火 (po₁ → po) (kana ほ)

1. a fire

• 螢 (potaru, “firefly”)
• 火の神 (po no₂ kami₂, “fire deity”)
• 炎 (pono₂po, “flame”)

• Japanese: 火 (ho)

Appears in only one poem in the Man'yōshū (c. 759 CE) as a compound, see derived term 葦火 (asipu).

According to Vovin (2011) p. 222, this is the vowel raising of the nucleus of Proto-Japonic *poy to *puy, followed by deletion of the *-y consonant.

火 (pu) (kana ふ)

1. (regional, Central Eastern Old Japanese) a fire

• 富士 (Puzi, “Mount Fuji”) (disputed; might be an Ainu loanword)
• 葦火 (asipu, “fire using dried reeds as kindling or fuel”)

火: Hán Việt readings: hỏa/hoả^[1][2][3]
火: Nôm readings: hỏa/hoả^[2][3][4][5], ỏa/oả^[1]

1. chữ Hán form of hoả (“fire”).