溪

See also: 渓 and 谿

溪	U+6EAA, 溪 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6EAA

← 溩
[U+6EA9]

CJK Unified Ideographs

溫 →
[U+6EAB]

Translingual

Han character

溪 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 水月女大 (EBVK), four-corner 3213₄, composition ⿰氵奚)

Derived characters

𤐓, 𪷶, 𬉝, 鸂(㶉/𭰥), 𤄬, 𬞥

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 640, character 22
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17967
Dae Jaweon: page 1047, character 12
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1702, character 9
Unihan data for U+6EAA

Chinese

trad.		溪
simp. ^#		溪
alternative forms		谿豀

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (奚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
謑	qʰraːs, qʰreːs, *ɡeːʔ
膎	*ɡreː
鞵	*ɡreː
榽	ɡreː, ɡeː
鷄	*keː
雞	*keː
谿	*kʰeː
嵠	*kʰeː
溪	*kʰeː
磎	*kʰeː
螇	kʰeː, ɡeː
鸂	*kʰeː
奚	*ɡeː
豯	*ɡeː
徯	ɡeː, ɡeːʔ
蹊	*ɡeː
騱	*ɡeː
傒	*ɡeː
鼷	*ɡeː
蒵	ɡeː, ɡeːs
貕	*ɡeː
慀	*ɡeːs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰeː) : semantic 氵 + phonetic 奚 (OC *ɡeː).

Etymology 1

Compare Proto-Hmong-Mien *gle, whence Chuanqiandian Cluster Miao tl̥e (“river”) (Schuessler, 2007). Also compare Tibetan རྐ (rka, “gutter; channel”) (Sagart, 2020b).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xī, qī (xi¹, qi¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧ, ㄑㄧ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): kai¹

(Taishan, Wiktionary): kai¹
Gan (Wiktionary): qi¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): hâi

(Hailu, HRS): hai^ˋ

(Meixian, Guangdong): hai¹
Jin (Wiktionary): xi¹
Northern Min (KCR): kái
Eastern Min (BUC): kă̤
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): khoe / khe / khere

(Teochew, Peng'im): koi¹
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹chi

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xī
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: si
  - Wade–Giles: hsi¹
  - Yale: syī
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shi
  - Palladius: си (si)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, dated variant)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qī
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ci
  - Wade–Giles: chʻi¹
  - Yale: chī
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chi
  - Palladius: ци (ci)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: kai¹
  - Yale: kāi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kai¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: kei¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɐi̯⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: kai¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰai³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: qi¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi⁴²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hâi
  - Hakka Romanization System: hai^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: hai¹
  - Sinological IPA: /hai̯²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: hai^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /hai⁵³/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: hai¹
  - Sinological IPA: /haɪ⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: xi¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕi¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: kái
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰai⁵⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: kă̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɛ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Lukang, Hsinchu, Kinmen, Magong)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khoe
  - Tâi-lô: khue
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qoef
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kinmen): /kʰue⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Lukang): /kʰue³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khe
  - Tâi-lô: khe
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qef
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /kʰe⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰe³³/
- (Hokkien: Sanxia)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khere
  - Tâi-lô: khere

Note:

Xiamen, Quanzhou:
- khoe - vernacular;
- khe - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: koi¹
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khoi
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰoi³³/

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹chi
  - MiniDict: chi^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹qi
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕʰi⁵³/

Middle Chinese: khej

Rime
Character	溪
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	齊 (39)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	苦奚切
Baxter	khej
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰei/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰei/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰɛi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰɛj/
Li Rong	/kʰei/
Wang Li	/kʰiei/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kʰiei/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hai¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*kʰˤe/

(Zhengzhang): /*kʰeː/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	溪
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xī
Middle Chinese	‹ khej ›
Old Chinese	/*kʰˁe/
English	valley with stream in it
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	溪
Reading #	1/1
No.	13360
Phonetic component	奚
Rime group	支
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	谿
Old Chinese	/*kʰeː/
Notes	同谿

Definitions

溪

stream; creek; brook; rivulet; rill (Classifier: 條／条 m c)
(dialectal) river (Classifier: 條／条 mn)
濁水溪／浊水溪 [Taiwanese Hokkien] ― Lô-chúi-khe [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― Zhuoshui River
- 2006, “濁水溪之戀”, 武雄 (lyrics), 蕭煌奇 [Ricky Hsiao] (music)‎^[1]performed by 詹雅雯 [Chan Ya-wen] and 蕭煌奇 [Ricky Hsiao]:
  
  夢中定定甲伊行過彼條溪　猶原流著一段委屈的身世 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
  梦中定定甲伊行过彼条溪　犹原流著一段委屈的身世 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]
  bāng-tiong tiāⁿ-tiāⁿ kah i kiâⁿ kòe hit tiâu khe, iu-goân lâu-tio̍h chi̍t tōaⁿ úi-khut ê sin-sè [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
(Eastern Min) unsophisticated; gauche; stupid
(～母) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 溪 (MC khej)
a surname: Xi

Compounds

下淡水溪
三溪 (Sānxī)
九畹溪 (Jiǔwǎnxī)
八掌溪
剡溪
卓溪 (Zhuóxī)
周溪 (Zhōuxī)
四溪 (Sìxī)
大安溪
大溪 (Dàxī)
大溪地 (Dàxīdì)
大甲溪
大肚溪
太平溪 (Tàipíngxī, “Taipingxi”)
孟家溪 (Mèngjiāxī)
小溪口 (Xiǎoxīkǒu)
小溪塔 (Xiǎoxītǎ)
小溪河 (Xiǎoxīhé)
山溪 (shānxī)
山溪坳 (Shānxī'ào)
岳溪 (Yuèxī)
左溪寺 (Zuǒxīsì)
巫溪 (Wūxī)
平溪 (Píngxī)
廣溪峽／广溪峡
新店溪
昂昂溪 (Áng'ángxī)
曾文溪
本溪 (Běnxī)
杉林溪
林家溪 (Línjiāxī)
東溪／东溪 (Dōngxī)
栗溪 (Lìxī)
楊溪灣／杨溪湾 (Yángxīwān)
楊溪鋪／杨溪铺 (Yángxīpù)
樂天溪／乐天溪 (Lètiānxī)
檀溪 (Tánxī)
歷溪／历溪 (Lìxī)
沙溪 (Shāxī)
沙鎮溪／沙镇溪 (Shāzhènxī)
泉溪 (Quánxī)
洋溪 (Yángxī)
浣紗溪／浣纱溪
浣花溪
清溪 (Qīngxī)
淯溪 (Yùxī)
溪丘灣／溪丘湾 (Xīqiūwān)
溪仔 (khe-á) (Min Nan)
溪友 (xīyǒu)
溪口坪 (Xīkǒupíng)
溪壑
溪客
溪州 (Xīzhōu)
溪床 (xīchuáng)
溪林 (Xīlín)
溪東／溪东
溪步
溪流 (xīliú)
溪湖 (Xīhú)
溪澗／溪涧 (xījiàn)
溪藤
溪谷 (xīgǔ)
溪錢／溪钱
溪頭／溪头
溪鴨／溪鸭
漿溪店／浆溪店 (Jiāngxīdiàn)
濁水溪／浊水溪 (Zhuóshuǐxī)
濂溪
玉溪 (Yùxī)
碧溪
磨針溪／磨针溪
礁溪 (Jiāoxī)
磻溪
礁溪鄉／礁溪乡
秀姑巒溪／秀姑峦溪
端溪
竹溪六逸
竹溪／竹谿 (zhúxī)
米潭溪 (Mǐtánxī)
苕溪
若耶溪
蘭陵溪／兰陵溪 (Lánlíngxī)
蘭陽溪／兰阳溪 (Lányángxī)
螺溪石硯／螺溪石砚
螺溪硯／螺溪砚
豐溪／丰溪 (Fēngxī)
赤溪河 (Chìxīhé)
雙溪／双溪 (shuāngxī)
霅溪
香溪源 (Xiāngxīyuán)
馬躍檀溪／马跃檀溪
鯉溪／鲤溪 (Lǐxī)
鱷溪／鳄溪
龍溪／龙溪 (Lóngxī)

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 溪 *– see 谿 (“used in compounds”).* (This character is the simplified and variant traditional form of 谿).
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

References

“溪”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Shinjitai	渓
Kyūjitai	溪

Kanji

溪

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 渓)

valley

Readings

Go-on: け (ke)
Kan-on: けい (kei)
Kun: たに (tani, 溪)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 溪 (MC khej). Recorded as Middle Korean 계 (kyey) (Yale: kyey) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

溪

Wikisource

溪 (eumhun 시내 계 (sinae gye))

hanja form^? of 계 (“stream”)

Compounds

계곡 (溪谷, gyegok)
계류 (溪流, gyeryu)
청계 (淸溪, cheonggye)
계수 (溪水, gyesu)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

Vietnamese

Han character

溪: Hán Nôm readings: khe, khê

Creek or stream