愁

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愁 U+6101, 愁
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6101
← 愀
[U+6100] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 愂 →
[U+6102]

Translingual

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Han character

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愁 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 竹火心 (HFP), four-corner 29338, composition ⿱秋心)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 393, character 21
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10885
  • Dae Jaweon: page 729, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2322, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+6101

Chinese

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trad. 愁
simp. # 愁

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (秋) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
鍫 *sʰew
篍 *sʰiw, *sʰiws, *sʰɯw
愀 *sʰiwʔ, *zɯwʔ
湫 *ʔsliwʔ, *ʔsɯw, *sʰɯw, *zɯwʔ
揪 *ʔsɯw
揫 *ʔsɯw
啾 *ʔsɯw
鬏 *ʔsɯw
秋 *sʰɯw
鰍 *sʰɯw
楸 *sʰɯw
秌 *sʰɯw
鞦 *sʰɯw
鶖 *sʰɯw
萩 *sʰɯw
甃 *ʔsrɯws
醔 *sʰrɯw
愁 *zrɯw
僽 *zrɯws

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zrɯw) : phonetic 秋 (OC *sʰɯw) + semantic 心 (“heart”)

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • chhiû - vernacular;
  • chhô͘ - literary.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 愁
Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂʰou³⁵/
Harbin /ʈ͡ʂʰou²⁴/
Tianjin /t͡sʰou⁴⁵/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂʰou⁴²/
Qingdao /ʈ͡ʂʰou⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰou⁴²/
Xi'an /t͡sʰou²⁴/
Xining /t͡sʰɯ²⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡sʰəu⁵³/
Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰou⁵³/
Ürümqi /t͡sʰɤu⁵¹/
Wuhan /t͡sʰəu²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡sʰəu³¹/
Guiyang /t͡sʰəu²¹/
Kunming /ʈ͡ʂʰəu³¹/
Nanjing /t͡sʰəɯ²⁴/
Hefei /t͡sʰɯ⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡sʰəu¹¹/
Pingyao /səu¹³/
Hohhot /t͡sʰəu³¹/
Wu Shanghai /zɤ²³/
Suzhou /zɤ¹³/
Hangzhou /d͡zei²¹³/
Wenzhou /zau³¹/
Hui Shexian /t͡sʰiu⁴⁴/
Tunxi /t͡ɕʰiu⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /t͡səu¹³/
Xiangtan /d͡zəɯ¹²/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sʰɛu²⁴/
Hakka Meixian /seu¹¹/
Taoyuan /seu¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /sɐu²¹/
Nanning /t͡sʰɐu²¹/
Hong Kong /sɐu²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /t͡sʰɔ³⁵/
/t͡sʰiu³⁵/ 俗
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /t͡sʰɛu⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡sʰe²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡sʰou⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /sɔu³¹/
Rime
Character 愁
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 崇 (20)
Final (韻) 尤 (136)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 士尤切
Baxter dzrjuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/d͡ʒɨu/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɖ͡ʐiu/
Shao
Rongfen 		/d͡ʒiəu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɖ͡ʐuw/
Li
Rong 		/d͡ʒiu/
Wang
Li 		/d͡ʒĭəu/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ɖ͡ʐʱi̯ə̯u/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		chóu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		cau4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 愁
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		chóu
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dzrjuw ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[dz]riw/
English grieved

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 愁
Reading # 1/1
No. 10550
Phonetic
component 		秋
Rime
group 		幽
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		愁
Old
Chinese 		/*zrɯw/

Definitions

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愁

  1. to worry about; to be anxious; to be grieved
  2. anxiety; sadness; sorrow

Synonyms

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  • (to worry):
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Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (愁):
  • → Vietnamese: sầu (愁)

References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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愁

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. distress

Readings

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Korean

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Hanja

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愁 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune–Reischauer su, Yale swu)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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愁: Hán Nôm readings: sầu, rầu, ràu, xàu, xầu

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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