出

出 U+51FA, 出 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-51FA ← 凹 [U+51F9] CJK Unified Ideographs 击 → [U+51FB]

Stroke order

Stroke order

出 (Kangxi radical 17, 凵+3, 5 strokes, cangjie input 山山 (UU), four-corner 2277₂, composition ⿱屮凵 or ⿻凵山)

• 㑁, 咄, 𡛛, 㤕, 拙, 泏, 昢, 朏, 胐, 柮, 炪, 䂐, 础, 𮄬, 𮇑, 絀(绌), 聉, 䖦, 袦, 𭍨, 詘(诎), 貀, 趉, 𧿺, 䠳, 鈯(𨱄), 韷, 飿(饳), 䭯, 黜, 𠚢
• 㔘, 䢺, 𠀴, 𡭧, 𭣩, 欪, 𠚐, 𡭱, 䪼, 䖓, 𮧋, 屈, 㽾, 㒴, 茁, 𡭲, 𣅽, 窋, 笜, 祟, 粜, 𤉐
• 𣭑, 𡲬, 𪨕

• 岀 (U+5C80, Unorthodox variant)

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 135, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1811
• Dae Jaweon: page 301, character 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 307, character 8
• Unihan data for U+51FA

simp. and trad.		出
alternative forms		㞮

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 止 (“foot”) + 凵 (“cave”) – to step out of a cave; to exit. Compare 各.

By the Qin dynasty, the character has lost its original shape. Based on the distorted form, Shuowen mistakenly interprets the character as a pictogram (象形) of a plant (屮) growing outwards.

STEDT derives this word from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-twak (“to come or go out; to emerge”); compare Burmese ထွက် (htwak, “to go or come out; to produce or yield; to leave”), Proto-Lolo-Burmese *ʔ-twakᴴ (“to come or got out; to emerge”), Proto-Kuki-Chin *tshuak-I, *tshuaʔ-II (“to come out; to emerge; to appear”). The -t final may be particular to Chinese.

Alternatively, Sagart (1999) and Baxter and Sagart (2014) suggest that this word is related to other words that express extraction, such as 掘 (OC *[ɡ]ut, “to dig out”), and reconstruct the Old Chinese with an intransitivizing prefix *t-.

出

1. to go out; to leave; to exit

   Antonym: 入 (rù)

   出來／出来  ―  chūlái  ―  to come out

   出國／出国  ―  chūguó  ―  to leave one's country

   出床 [Hokkien]  ―  chhut-sn̂g [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to come out of the steamer

   你出咗門口未呀？ [Cantonese, trad.]
   你出咗门口未呀？ [Cantonese, simp.]

   nei⁵ ceot¹ zo² mun⁴ hau² mei⁶ aa³? [Jyutping]

   Have you left home yet?

2. to appear

   水落石出  ―  shuǐluòshíchū  ―  the truth is revealed (literally, “the water recedes and the rocks appear”)

   語出《論語·雍也》 [MSC, trad.]
   语出《论语·雍也》 [MSC, simp.]

   yǔ chū “Lùnyǔ Yōngyě” [Pinyin]

   It is from Yong Ye of the Analects.

3. to come; to arrive

   出席  ―  chūxí  ―  to attend

   出場／出场  ―  chūchǎng  ―  to enter the stage

4. (Cantonese) to go (to a certain place)

   出街 [Cantonese]  ―  ceot¹ gaai¹ [Jyutping]  ―  to go out

   出市區／出市区 [Cantonese]  ―  ceot¹ si⁵ keoi¹ [Jyutping]  ―  to go downtown

   幫我call架的士吖，我要出機場。 [Hong Kong Cantonese, trad.]
   帮我call架的士吖，我要出机场。 [Hong Kong Cantonese, simp.]

   bong¹ ngo⁵ ko¹ gaa³ dik¹ si^6-2 aa¹, ngo⁵ jiu³ ceot¹ gei¹ coeng⁴. [Jyutping]

   (please add an English translation of this usage example)

5. (Cantonese) out; outside

   Antonym: 入 (jap⁶) (Cantonese)

   出便 [Cantonese]  ―  ceot¹ bin⁶ [Jyutping]  ―  outside

   你企到咁出，因住畀車撞呀。 [Cantonese, trad.]
   你企到咁出，因住畀车撞呀。 [Cantonese, simp.]

   nei⁵ kei⁵ dou³ gam³ ceot¹, jan¹ zyu⁶ bei² ce¹ zong⁶ aa³. [Jyutping]

   (please add an English translation of this usage example)

6. to send out; to put forth

   出題目／出题目  ―  chū tímù  ―  to set questions

   你出錢，我出力。 [MSC, trad.]
   你出钱，我出力。 [MSC, simp.]

   Nǐ chūqián, wǒ chūlì. [Pinyin]

   You contribute money and I contribute my strength.

   我給他出了個好主意。 [MSC, trad.]
   我给他出了个好主意。 [MSC, simp.]

   Wǒ gěi tā chū le ge hǎo zhǔyì. [Pinyin]

   I came up with a good idea for him.

7. to exceed

   球出界了。  ―  Qiú chūjiè le.  ―  The ball went out-of-bounds.

   不出一年  ―  bù chū yī nián  ―  within one year

   伊二十出。 [Hokkien, trad. and simp.]

   I lī-cha̍p chhut. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

   He's a bit over twenty.

8. to produce; to turn out

   出煤  ―  chū méi  ―  to produce coal

   他們學校出了個高考狀元。 [MSC, trad.]
   他们学校出了个高考状元。 [MSC, simp.]

   Tāmen xuéxiào chū le ge gāokǎo zhuàngyuán. [Pinyin]

   Their school produced a gaokao top scorer.

9. to happen; to arise

   出問題／出问题  ―  chū wèntí  ―  to have a problem

   出大事了！  ―  Chū dàshì le!  ―  Something big happened!

   出代誌／出代志 [Hokkien]  ―  chhut tāi-chì [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to have an issue

10. to vent; to put forth

    出芽  ―  chūyá  ―  to sprout

    出汗  ―  chūhàn  ―  to sweat

    出水痘  ―  chūshuǐdòu  ―  to have chickenpox

    出珠 [Hokkien]  ―  chhut-chu [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to have smallpox

    樹上出了不少花蕾。 [MSC, trad.]
    树上出了不少花蕾。 [MSC, simp.]

    Shù shàng chū le bùshǎo huālěi. [Pinyin]

    The tree put forth many buds.

11. (ergative) to publish; to be released (e.g. a product, film, or announcement)

    這本書是哪家出版社出的？ [MSC, trad.]
    这本书是哪家出版社出的？ [MSC, simp.]

    Zhè běn shū shì nǎ jiā chūbǎnshè chū de? [Pinyin]

    Which publisher published this book?

    Windows 10已經出咗一年 [Cantonese, trad.]
    Windows 10已经出咗一年 [Cantonese, simp.]

    Windows 10 ji⁵ ging¹ ceot¹ zo² jat¹ nin⁴ [Jyutping]

    Windows 10 has already been out for a year

12. to expend

    量入為出／量入为出  ―  liàngrùwéichū  ―  to budget one’s expenses according to one’s income

13. (Hong Kong Cantonese) to buy (an electronic device, such as a mobile phone or computer) (clarification of this definition is needed)

    出部電話畀佢用 [Cantonese, trad.]
    出部电话畀佢用 [Cantonese, simp.]

    ceot¹ bou⁶ din⁶ waa^6-2 bei² keoi⁵ jung⁶ [Jyutping]

    to buy a mobile phone for him to use

14. Particle placed after verbs to indicate an outward movement.

    拿出你的身份證／拿出你的身份证  ―  náchū nǐ de shēnfènzhèng  ―  take out your ID card

    走出香港  ―  zǒuchū Xiānggǎng  ―  to come out of Hong Kong

15. Particle placed after verbs to indicate a completed action. to determine

    想不出辦法／想不出办法  ―  xiǎng bù chū bànfǎ  ―  cannot come up with solutions

    睇唔出有咩分別（問題） [Cantonese, trad.]
    睇唔出有咩分别（问题） [Cantonese, simp.]

    tai² m⁴ ceot¹ jau⁵ me¹ fan¹ bit⁶ (man⁶ tai⁴) [Jyutping]

    don't see any difference (problem)

    食唔出咩味道 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]

    sik⁶ m⁴ ceot¹ me¹ mei⁶ dou⁶ [Jyutping]

    doesn't have any flavor

16. (Mainland China Hokkien) to state a price

    這塊桌伊出偌濟錢？ [Hokkien, trad.]
    这块桌伊出偌济钱？ [Hokkien, simp.]

    Chit tè toh i chhut lōa-chōe chîⁿ? [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

    What price did he give for this table?

    伊開價，你也著佮伊出。 [Hokkien, trad.]
    伊开价，你也著佮伊出。 [Hokkien, simp.]

    I khui-kè, lí iā tio̍h kah i chhut. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

    He gave a price, you should haggle a price with him.

17. (Mainland China Hokkien) to seem to give a large amount

    這號米𠢕出飯。 [Hokkien, trad.]
    这号米𠢕出饭。 [Hokkien, simp.]

    Chit hō bí gâu chhut pn̄g. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

    This kind of uncooked rice seems to give a large amount of cooked rice.

18. (Mainland China Hokkien) to be willing to part with money (by spending, paying, etc.)

    錢我𣍐出咧開。 [Hokkien, trad.]
    钱我𫧃出咧开。 [Hokkien, simp.]

    Chîⁿ góa bōe chhut leh khai. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

    I'm not willing to spend the money.

19. (Mainland China Hokkien) to escape one's bad luck

    出運／出运 [Hokkien]  ―  chhut-ūn [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to have good luck

20. (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) ever since

    出目睭頭一擺拄著這款人。 [Hokkien, trad.]
    出目睭头一摆拄著这款人。 [Hokkien, simp.]

    Chhut ba̍k-chiu thâu-chi̍t-pái tú-tio̍h chit khoán lâng. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

    This is the first time I've seen someone like this since I had eyes to see.

For pronunciation and definitions of 出 – see 齣 (“act; stanza; time, occasion; etc.”). (This character is the simplified and variant traditional form of 齣).

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

• 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “出”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 109.

(First grade kyōiku kanji)

• Go-on: しゅち (shuchi)^{←しゆち (syuti, historical)}、すい (sui, Jōyō ^†)
• Kan-on: しゅつ (shutsu, Jōyō)^{←しゆつ (syutu, historical)}、すい (sui, Jōyō ^†)
• Kun: でる (deru, 出る, Jōyō)、だす (dasu, 出す, Jōyō)、いず (izu, 出ず)^{←いづ (idu, 出づ, historical)}、いだす (idasu, 出だす)

Kanji in this term
出
しゅつ Grade: 1
kan'on

From Middle Chinese 出 (MC tsyhwit).

• (Tokyo) しゅつ [shùtsúꜜ] (Odaka – [2])^[1]
• IPA^(key): [ɕɨt͡sɨ]

出(しゅつ) • (shutsu) 

1. being from a certain place
2. a coming out, exiting

出(しゅつ) • (shutsu) 

1. come out, exit
2. appear, emerge
3. become visible, materialize
4. be born
5. excel, surpass
6. attend, present

Kanji in this term
出
すい Grade: 1
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 出 (MC tsyhwijH).

出(すい) • (sui) 

1. going out
2. putting out, showing

Kanji in this term
出
で Grade: 1
kun'yomi

The 連用形 (ren’yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 出る (deru, “to come out”).

• (Tokyo) で [dè] (Heiban – [0])^[1][2]
• (Tokyo) で [déꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1][2]
• IPA^(key): [de̞]

出(で) • (de) 

1. the process of something coming out
2. something that comes out

Kanji in this term
出
ず Grade: 1
kun'yomi

Contraction of classical verb 出づ (izu), omitting the initial i-.

出(ず) • (zu) ^{←づ (du)?†}nidan

1. (obsolete) to go or come out
2. (obsolete) to appear

The 出る (deru) form is now the standard term for this in modern Japanese.

From Middle Chinese 出 (MC tsyhwit).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	츄ᇙ〮 (Yale: chyúlq)
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
	Gloss (hun)	Reading
Gwangju Cheonjamun, 1575	날 (Yale: nal)	츌 (Yale: chyul)
Sinjeung Yuhap, 1576	날 (Yale: nal)	츌 (Yale: chyul)
Seokbong Cheonjamun, 1583	날 (Yale: nal)	츌 (Yale: chyul)

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕʰuɭ]
• Phonetic hangul: [출]

Wikisource

出 (eumhun 날 출 (nal chul))

1. hanja form^? of 출 (“to come out; to go out”)

From Middle Chinese 出/齣. (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕʰʌ̹k̚]
• Phonetic hangul: [척]

Wikisource

出 (eumhun 단락 척 (dallak cheok))

1. Alternative form of 齣 (“hanja form^? of 척 (“act, scene, as of a play or movie”)”)

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Contraction of verb 出づ (idu), omitting the initial i-.

出 (du) (kana づ)

1. to appear

• For quotations using this term, see Citations:出.

• 家出 (ipe₁de)
• 朝戸出 (asato₁de)
• 船出 (punade)
• 夜戸出 (yo₁to₁de)

出: Hán Nôm readings: xuất, xúy/xuý

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.