典

See also: 曲

典	U+5178, 典 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5178

← 具
[U+5177]

CJK Unified Ideographs

兹 →
[U+5179]

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典

Translingual

Stroke order

Stroke order (Japan)

Han character

典 (Kangxi radical 12, 八+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 廿月金 (TBC), four-corner 5580₁, composition ⿱曲八)

Derived characters

倎, 唺, 㙉, 婰, 㥏, 捵, 淟, 猠, 晪, 椣, 琠, 腆, 睓, 碘, 𦥃, 𧨸, 賟(𧹖), 䠄, 錪(𬭓), 敟, 覥(觍), 䓦, 𥮏, 痶, 䐌

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 128, character 2
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1474
Dae Jaweon: page 286, character 12
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 247, character 1
Unihan data for U+5178

Chinese

simp. and trad.		典
alternative forms		𠔓

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 典
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Oracle bone script j10971 j10972 j10973 j10974 j10975 j10976 j10977 j10978 j10979 j10980 j10981 j10982 Bronze inscriptions b06774 b06775 b06776 b06777 b06778 b06779 b06780 b06781 b06782 b06783 Small seal script s03455 s03456 Transcribed ancient scripts L34729 L34730 L34731 L34732 L34733 L34734 L16109 L16110 L16111 L16112 L16113 L16114 L16115 L16116 L16117 L16118 L16119 L16120 L16121
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (典) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
典	*tɯːnʔ
錪	tɯːnʔ, tʰɯːnʔ
腆	*tʰɯːnʔ
痶	*tʰɯːnʔ
淟	*tʰɯːnʔ
琠	*tʰɯːnʔ
賟	*tʰɯːnʔ
晪	*tʰɯːnʔ

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 冊 (“books”) + 丌 (“table”) – (official) books on a table.

Unrelated to 曲 and 曹.

Etymology

From Proto-Sinitic *dʰiəm.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): diǎn (dian³)

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄧㄢˇ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): dian³
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): din²

(Taishan, Wiktionary): en²
Gan (Wiktionary): dien³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): tién

(Meixian, Guangdong): diên³
Jin (Wiktionary): die²
Northern Min (KCR): dǐng
Eastern Min (BUC): diēng
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): deng³ / dieng³
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): tián

(Teochew, Peng'im): diang² / diêng²
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵ti
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): dienn³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: diǎn
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄧㄢˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: diǎn
  - Wade–Giles: tien³
  - Yale: dyǎn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dean
  - Palladius: дянь (djanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ti̯ɛn²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: dian³
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: dian
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tiɛn⁵³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: din²
  - Yale: dín
  - Cantonese Pinyin: din²
  - Guangdong Romanization: din²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tiːn³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: en²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /en⁵⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: dien³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tiɛn²¹³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tién
  - Hakka Romanization System: dien^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: dian³
  - Sinological IPA: /ti̯en³¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: diên³
  - Sinological IPA: /tiɛn³¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: die²
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /tie⁵³/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dǐng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tiŋ²¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: diēng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tieŋ³³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: deng³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɛŋ⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: deng³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɛŋ³³²/
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: dieng³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tiɛŋ⁴⁵³/

Note:

deng3 - literary;
dieng3 - literary variant.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tián
  - Tâi-lô: tián
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diern
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tiɛn⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɛn⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɛn⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tiɛn⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɛn⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: diang² / diêng²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tiáng / tiéng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tiaŋ⁵²/, /tieŋ⁵²/

Note:

diang2 - Shantou;
diêng2 - Chaozhou.

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵ti
  - MiniDict: ti^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²ti
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ti³⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: dienn³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ti̯ẽ⁴¹/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 典
Mandarin	Beijing	/tian²¹⁴/
	Harbin	/tian²¹³/
	Tianjin	/tian¹³/
	Jinan	/tiã⁵⁵/
	Qingdao	/tiã⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/tian⁵³/
	Xi'an	/tiã⁵³/
	Xining	/tiã⁵³/
	Yinchuan	/tian⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/tiɛ̃n⁴⁴²/
	Ürümqi	/tian⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/tiɛn⁴²/
	Chengdu	/tian⁵³/
	Guiyang	/tian⁴²/ 家～ /tian²¹³/ ～當
	Kunming	/tiɛ̃⁵³/
	Nanjing	/tien²¹²/
	Hefei	/tiĩ²⁴/
Jin	Taiyuan	/tie⁵³/
	Pingyao	/tie̞⁵³/
	Hohhot	/tie⁵³/
Wu	Shanghai	/ti³⁵/
	Suzhou	/tiɪ⁵¹/
	Hangzhou	/tiẽ̞⁵³/
	Wenzhou	/ti³⁵/
Hui	Shexian	/te³⁵/
Hui	Tunxi	/tiɛ³¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/tiẽ⁴¹/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/tiẽ⁴²/
Gan	Nanchang	/tiɛn²¹³/
Hakka	Meixian	/tien³¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/tien³¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/tin³⁵/
	Nanning	/tim³⁵/
	Hong Kong	/tin³⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/tian⁵³/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/tɛiŋ³²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/tiŋ²¹/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/tiaŋ⁵³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/ʔdin²¹³/ /ʔdai²¹³/

Middle Chinese: tenX

Rime
Character	典
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	先 (85)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	多殄切
Baxter	tenX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ten^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ten^X/
Shao Rongfen	/tɛn^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tɛn^X/
Li Rong	/ten^X/
Wang Li	/tien^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/tien^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	diǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	din²

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*tˤə[r]ʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*tɯːnʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	典
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	diǎn
Middle Chinese	‹ ten^X ›
Old Chinese	/*tˁə[r]ʔ/
English	statute, norm
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	典
Reading #	1/1
No.	2342
Phonetic component	典
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	典
Old Chinese	/*tɯːnʔ/

Definitions

典

law; canon
documentation
classic; scripture
(Internet slang) Literally "classic, typical", used usually alone to complain that a person's words hit one of the typicals of the similar ridiculous expressions.

Compounds

References

“典”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

典

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

Go-on: てん (ten, Jōyō)、でん (den)
Kan-on: てん (ten, Jōyō)、でん (den)
Kun: さかん (sakan)
Nanori: すけ (suke)、つね (tsune)、みち (michi)、の (no)、のり (nori)、ふみ (fumi)、まり (mari)

Compounds

Noun

典(てん) • (ten)

ceremony
華(か)燭(しょく)の典(てん)
kashoku no ten
wedding ceremony
rule

Korean

Hanja

典 (eumhun 법 전 (beop jeon))

hanja form^? of 전 (“rule; law”)

Vietnamese

Han character

典: Hán Nôm readings: điển, đến, điếng

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Translingual

Han character

Derived characters

References

Further reading

Chinese

Glyph origin

Etymology

Pronunciation

Definitions

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji

Readings

Compounds

Noun

Korean

Hanja

Vietnamese

Han character