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See also:
U+5167, 內
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5167

[U+5166]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5168]

內 U+2F814, 內
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F814
㒹
[U+2F813]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 再
[U+2F815]

Translingual

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Stroke order
4 strokes

Han character

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(Kangxi radical 11, +2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 人月 (OB), four-corner 40227, composition )

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 125, character 35
  • Dae Jaweon: page 267, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 97, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+5167

Chinese

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trad.
simp.

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character



References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Ideogrammic compound (會意会意) : (city outskirts) + (to enter) – entering the city through its outskirts - inside, within.

Etymology

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Related to (OC *njub, “to enter”); see there for more.

Pronunciation 1

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Note:
  • lāi/lǎi - vernacular (etymologically );
  • lōe - literary.
Note: lai6 - etymologically .
    • (Leizhou)
      • Leizhou Pinyin: lai6 / nui7
      • Sinological IPA: /lai³³/, /nui⁵⁵/
Note:
  • lai6 - vernacular (etymologically );
  • nui7 - literary.
Note:
  • lei5 - vernacular;
  • lei4- literary.

    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location
    Mandarin Beijing /nei⁵¹/
    Harbin /nei⁵³/
    Tianjin /nei⁵³/
    Jinan /nei²¹/
    Qingdao /ne⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /nei³¹²/
    Xi'an /luei⁴⁴/
    Xining /nuɨ²¹³/
    Yinchuan /nuei¹³/
    Lanzhou /luei¹³/
    Ürümqi /nei²¹³/
    Wuhan /nei³⁵/
    Chengdu /nuei¹³/
    Guiyang /nuei²¹³/
    Kunming /nuei²¹²/
    Nanjing /luəi⁴⁴/
    Hefei /le⁵³/
    Jin Taiyuan /nai⁴⁵/
    Pingyao /næ³⁵/
    Hohhot /nɛ⁵⁵/
    Wu Shanghai /ne²³/
    Suzhou /ne̞³¹/
    Hangzhou /nei¹³/
    Wenzhou /nai²²/
    Hui Shexian /nɛ²²/
    Tunxi /lə¹¹/
    Xiang Changsha /lei⁵⁵/
    /lei¹¹/
    Xiangtan /nəi²¹/
    Gan Nanchang /lui²¹/
    Hakka Meixian /nui⁵³/
    Taoyuan /mui⁵⁵/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /nɔi²²/
    Nanning /nui²²/
    Hong Kong /nɔi²²/
    Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /lue²²/
    Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /nuɔi²⁴²/
    Jian'ou (Northern Min) /no⁴⁴/
    Shantou (Teochew) /lai³⁵/ 訓讀
    Haikou (Hainanese) /nui³³/
    /lai³³/ 訓裡

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (8)
    Final () (42)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division () I
    Fanqie
    Baxter nwojH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /nuʌiH/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /nuoiH/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /nuɒiH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /nwəjH/
    Li
    Rong
    /nuᴀiH/
    Wang
    Li
    /nuɒiH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /nuɑ̆iH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    nèi
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    neoi6
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    nèi
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ nwojH ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*nˁ[u]p-s/
    English inside

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 9381
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    3
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*nuːbs/

    Definitions

    [edit]

    1. inside; interior; internal; inner
      Antonym: (wài)
        ―  shìnèi  ―  indoors
        ―  nèishāng  ―  internal injury
        ―  nèizhàn  ―  civil war
      未來幾天未来几天  ―  wèilái jǐtiān nèi  ―  within the next few days
    2. (obsolete) room; inner room
    3. (literary) court; imperial palace
    4. woman; wife
        ―  nèixiōng  ―  wife's elder brother
    5. heart; mind; self
        ―  nèijiù  ―  conscience-stricken
    6. (traditional Chinese medicine) internal organs
    7. (Buddhism) within Buddhism
        ―  nèidiǎn  ―  Buddhist scripture
        ―  nèixué  ―  Buddhism
    8. 65th tetragram of the Taixuanjing (𝍆)
    9. (Teochew) family
    10. (Teochew) home
      [Teochew]  ―  i1 bho5 do6 lai6. [Peng'im]  ―  He/she is not home.
    11. (Internet slang) Alternative form of
      味了味了  ―  Yǒunèiwèile.  ―  That's the taste.
    12. (Philippine Hokkien) Classifier for servings / helpings of food.
      物配點心 [Philippine Hokkien, trad.]
      物配点心 [Philippine Hokkien, simp.]
      chi̍t lǎi chhài, nňg lǎi mn̍gh-phè, saⁿ lǎi tiám-sim [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
      one serving of a dish, two servings of side toppings, three servings of snacks
    Synonyms
    [edit]

    Compounds

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    Descendants

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    Sino-Xenic ():
    • Japanese: (ない) (nai)
    • Korean: 내(內) (nae)
    • Vietnamese: nội ()

    Pronunciation 2

    [edit]


    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ nop ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*nˁ[u]p/
    English bring or send in

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

    Definitions

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    1. to enter
    2. Original form of (, “to pay”).

    Compounds

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    Japanese

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    Shinjitai

    Kyūjitai

    Kanji

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    (Hyōgai kanjikyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form )

    1. Kyūjitai form of

    Readings

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    • Go-on: ない (nai)
    • Kan-on: だい (dai)
    • Kun: うち (uchi)いる (iru)いれる (ireru)

    Usage notes

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    This character is usually not used in Japanese and lacks JIS support. The variant (U+5185) is used instead.

    Korean

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    Etymology

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    From Middle Chinese (MC nwojH).

    Historical Readings
    Dongguk Jeongun Reading
    Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 뇡〮 (Yale: nwóy)
    Middle Korean
    Text Eumhun
    Gloss (hun) Reading
    Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[1] 안〮 (Yale: án) ᄂᆡ〯 (Yale: nǒy)

    Pronunciation

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    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [nɛ(ː)] ~ [ne̞(ː)]
    • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)/(ː)]
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

    Hanja

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    (eumhun (an nae))

    1. hanja form? of (inside; within) [dependent noun; prefix]

    Compounds

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    Vietnamese

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    Han character

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    : Hán Nôm readings: nội

    Noun

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    (nội)

    1. chữ Hán form of nội.
      1. in; inside; within
      2. inside one's heart; internal; psychological
      3. imperial palace; royal court
      4. wife (and concubine)
      5. woman; a woman's beauty
      6. bedroom; room
      7. internal organs; entrails, bowels, guts
      8. a surname

    Compounds

    [edit]