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U+4F13, 伓
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F13

[U+4F12]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+4F14]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 9, +4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 人一火 (OMF), four-corner 21290, composition )

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 96, character 8
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 446
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 119, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+4F13

Chinese

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Etymology 1

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For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“mighty”).
(This character is a variant form of ).

Etymology 2

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For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“no, not”).
(This character is a variant form of ).

Etymology 3

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For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“back; behind; betray”).
(This character is a variant form of ).

Etymology 4

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simp. and trad.
alternative forms Hokkien
Teochew

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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  1. (Min) not
    [Eastern Min]  ―  n̂g-gōng / [(ŋ̍-)ŋ̍²⁴²⁻⁵³ (k-)ŋouŋ³³] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]  ―  not speak; not say; needless to say
    [Eastern Min]  ―  n̂g-siàng / [(ŋ̍-)n̩²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ (s-)niaŋ⁵³] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]  ―  inappropriate; unwilling
    [Eastern Min]  ―  n̂g-báik / [(ŋ̍-)m̩²⁴²⁻⁵³ (p-)maiʔ²⁴] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]  ―  not know
    [Eastern Min, trad. and simp.]
    kó̤-n̂g-kó̤ / [kʰo²¹³⁻²¹ (ŋ̍-)ŋ̍²⁴²⁻⁵³ (kʰ-)ŋɔ²¹³] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]
    Do you want to go?
Usage notes
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  • In Eastern Min, this particle changes its pronunciation depending on the initial of the following syllable: n̂g (velar and null initials); m̂ (labial initials); n̂ (dental initials). Orthographically, all the complementary pronunciations are written as ‹n̂g› (or ‹ng› in Maclay (1929)).
    • In addition to this, all three forms have an emphatic form: îng.
  • This particle is not used alone; its tone is inferred from tone sandhi patterns.
Synonyms
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Compounds

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References

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  • 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 400.

Japanese

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Kanji

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(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

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  • On (unclassified): はい (hai) (he) (hi)