trotz
Appearance
See also: Trotz
German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Shortened from zum Trotz (dem) or from constructions with the dative verb trotzen. Compare trotzdem.
Pronunciation
[edit]Preposition
[edit]trotz [with (standard) genitive or (colloquial) dative]
- in spite of, despite
- Trotz aller Bemühungen ist es uns nicht gelungen, die Ziele des Projekts zu erreichen.
- Despite our best efforts, we were unable to succeed in achieving the project's objectives.
Usage notes
[edit]- Trotz originally governed the dative exclusively. Today, dative usage is predominant in colloquial German, whereas genitive usage is predominant in Standard German. This change is due to historical hypercorrection with a desire for an educated tone.
Derived terms
[edit]Verb
[edit]trotz