tóg

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See also: tog and togʻ

Irish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Back-formation from tógáil, from Middle Irish tócbáil,[1] verbal noun of do·fócaib (“lifts up, raises”).[2]

Pronunciation

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Verb

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tóg (present analytic tógann, future analytic tógfaidh, verbal noun tógáil, past participle tógtha)

  1. to raise, lift, hoist, elevate, [put up]]
    • 1939, Peig Sayers, “Inghean an Cheannaidhe”, in Marie-Louise Sjoestedt, Description d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (Bibliothèque de l'École des Hautes Études; 270) (overall work in French), Paris: Librairie Honoré Champion, page 194:
      Fe dheire do bhí ar an gcaptaen a sheólta a thógaint suas agus dul go dtí dúthaigh éigin ag triall ar lasc [sic; lasta] eile.
      Finally the captain had to hoist his sails and go to some country for another cargo.
  2. to erect, build
  3. to rear, bring up
    gamhain a thógáil ― to rear a calf
    Rugadh agus tógadh i mBaile Átha Cliath é.
    He was born and raised in Dublin.
  4. to seize (take possession of by force, law etc.)
  5. to take (a picture)
    Synonym: glac
    Thóg sé grianghraf.
    He took a photograph.

Inflection

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conjugation of tóg (first conjugation – A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present tógaim tógann tú;
tógair† 		tógann sé, sí tógaimid tógann sibh tógann siad;
tógaid† 		a thógann; a thógas /
a dtógann* 		tógtar
past thóg mé; thógas thóg tú; thógais thóg sé, sí thógamar; thóg muid thóg sibh; thógabhair thóg siad; thógadar a thóg /
ar thóg* 		tógadh
past habitual thógainn / dtógainn‡‡ thógtá / dtógtᇇ thógadh sé, sí / dtógadh sé, s퇇 thógaimis; thógadh muid / dtógaimis‡‡; dtógadh muid‡‡ thógadh sibh / dtógadh sibh‡‡ thógaidís; thógadh siad / dtógaidís‡‡; dtógadh siad‡‡ a thógadh /
a dtógadh* 		thógtaí / dtógta퇇
future tógfaidh mé;
tógfad 		tógfaidh tú;
tógfair† 		tógfaidh sé, sí tógfaimid;
tógfaidh muid 		tógfaidh sibh tógfaidh siad;
tógfaid† 		a thógfaidh; a thógfas /
a dtógfaidh* 		tógfar
conditional thógfainn / dtógfainn‡‡ thógfá / dtógfᇇ thógfadh sé, sí / dtógfadh sé, s퇇 thógfaimis; thógfadh muid / dtógfaimis‡‡; dtógfadh muid‡‡ thógfadh sibh / dtógfadh sibh‡‡ thógfaidís; thógfadh siad / dtógfaidís‡‡; dtógfadh siad‡‡ a thógfadh /
a dtógfadh* 		thógfaí / dtógfa퇇
subjunctive present go dtóga mé;
go dtógad† 		go dtóga tú;
go dtógair† 		go dtóga sé, sí go dtógaimid;
go dtóga muid 		go dtóga sibh go dtóga siad;
go dtógaid† 		— go dtógtar
past dá dtógainn dá dtógtá dá dtógadh sé, sí dá dtógaimis;
dá dtógadh muid 		dá dtógadh sibh dá dtógaidís;
dá dtógadh siad 		— dá dtógtaí
imperative tógaim tóg tógadh sé, sí tógaimis tógaigí;
tógaidh† 		tógaidís — tógtar
verbal noun tógáil
past participle tógtha

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

  • Alternative verbal noun: tógaint (Munster)
  • There also exist archaic spellings with bh before vowel-initial endings, e.g. first-person singular tógbhaim, verbal noun tógbháil.

Derived terms

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Mutation

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Mutated forms of tóg
radical lenition eclipsis
tóg thóg dtóg

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

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  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “tócbáil”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “do·fócaib”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Further reading

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Polish

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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tóg f

  1. genitive plural of toga
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