pakkanen

From Proto-Finnic *pakkainën. Related to Estonian pakane, Ingrian pakkain, Karelian pakkaine, Veps pakaine and Votic pakkain.

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɑkːɑnen/, [ˈpɑ̝kːɑ̝ne̞n]
• Rhymes: -ɑkːɑnen
• Hyphenation^(key): pak‧ka‧nen

Finnish Wikipedia has an article on:

pakkanen

Wikipedia ^fi

pakkanen

1. frost, sub-zero temperature of ambient air

   On kymmenen astetta pakkasta.

   The temperature is ten degrees below zero.

   Pakkanen kiristyy.

   It's getting colder. / The frost is getting worse.

   Talvella 1985–86 oli Suomessa kovat pakkaset.

   The winter of 1985–86 was very cold in Finland.

2. (colloquial) in the red (in adessive case)

   Yhtiön tulos on vahvasti pakkasella.

   The company is heavily in the red.

3. (colloquial, with locative cases) freezer

   Pistä se pakkaseen.

   Put it in the freezer.

• “pakkanen”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03