hestur

From Old Norse hestr, from Proto-Germanic *hangistaz, *hanhistaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱanḱest-, *kankest- (“horse”).

• IPA^(key): /ˈhɛstʊɹ/
• Rhymes: -ɛstʊɹ

hestur m (genitive singular hests, plural hestar)

1. stallion
2. horse in general

Declension of hestur
m6	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	hestur	hesturin	hestar	hestarnir
accusative	hest	hestin	hestar	hestarnar
dative	hesti	hestinum	hestum	hestunum
genitive	hests	hestsins	hesta	hestanna

• ryssa (“mare”)

• ross (“horse”)

From Old Norse hestr, from Proto-Germanic *hangistaz, *hanhistaz.

IPA^(key): /ˈhɛstʏr/

• (Northern Iceland, Southern Iceland) IPA^(key): [ˈhɛs̠tʏr̥], [ˈhɛs̠tʏɾ̥].

hestur m (genitive singular hests, nominative plural hestar)

1. a horse
   • Revelation 6-11 (English and Icelandic)

     Og ég sá, og sjá: Bleikur hestur, og sá er á honum sat, hann hét Dauði, og Hel var í för með honum. Þeim var gefið vald yfir fjórða hluta jarðarinnar, til þess að deyða með sverði, með hungri og drepsótt og láta menn farast fyrir villidýrum jarðarinnar.

     I looked, and there before me was a pale horse! Its rider was named Death, and Hades was following close behind him. They were given power over a fourth of the earth to kill by sword, famine and plague, and by the wild beasts of the earth.

2. (gymnastics) a horse, a pommel horse, a vaulting horse

• The noun hestur is the de facto noun used to determine the case of another noun by substitution.

  Using the noun maður (“a man”) as an example:

  ég þekki mann ― I know a man → ég þekki hest ― I know a horse

  since hest is known to be the accusative form of hestur it may be deduced that mann is in the accusative case as well.

• A commonly taught mnemonic to find the cases of nouns is reciting a set of prepositions followed by an agreeing noun and hestur is often used as an example:

  nominative: hér er hestur ― there is a horse here

  accusative: um hest ― about a horse

  dative: frá hesti ― from a horse

  genitive: til hests ― to a horse

Declension of hestur
m-s1	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	hestur	hesturinn	hestar	hestarnir
accusative	hest	hestinn	hesta	hestana
dative	hesti	hestinum	hestum	hestunum
genitive	hests	hestsins	hesta	hestanna

• (horse): hross, (poetic) drösull, (archaic, poetic) drasill, (poetic) fákur, (poetic) jór

• flóðhestur (“a hippopotamus”)
• keppnishestur (“a competition horse”)
• stóðhestur (“a horse intended for stud purposes”)
• trójuhestur
• veðhlaupahestur (“a racehorse”)

• klár