abikaasa
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Estonian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]abi (“help”) + kaasa (“companion”)
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]abikaasa (genitive abikaasa, partitive abikaasat)
- spouse, husband, wife
- Synonyms: kaasa, (specifically a husband) mees, (specifically a wife) naine, (even more specifically a husband) abielumees, (even more specifically a wife) abielunaine
- Jaani abikaasa Ann ― John's wife Ann
- Mari abikaasa Jüri ― Mary's husband George
Usage notes
[edit]Estonian often doesn't distinguish gender, so it is common to refer to a husband or wife just as a spouse. Making explicit reference to the spouse's gender (using the synonyms listed above) can be seen as informal or even rude.
Declension
[edit]Declension of abikaasa (ÕS type 16/pere, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
nominative | abikaasa | abikaasad | |
accusative | nom. | ||
gen. | abikaasa | ||
genitive | abikaasade | ||
partitive | abikaasat | abikaasasid | |
illative | abikaasasse | abikaasadesse | |
inessive | abikaasas | abikaasades | |
elative | abikaasast | abikaasadest | |
allative | abikaasale | abikaasadele | |
adessive | abikaasal | abikaasadel | |
ablative | abikaasalt | abikaasadelt | |
translative | abikaasaks | abikaasadeks | |
terminative | abikaasani | abikaasadeni | |
essive | abikaasana | abikaasadena | |
abessive | abikaasata | abikaasadeta | |
comitative | abikaasaga | abikaasadega |