Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gewH-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Perhaps connected to the synonymous *ǵʰewH-.

*g⁽ʷ⁾ew(H)- or *g⁽ʷ⁾ew(h₂)-^[1][2][3][4]

1. to call, name
2. to invoke, call on
3. to cry, cry out

• *géwH-e-ti (thematic root present)^[2]
  • Proto-Germanic: *kewaną (“to cry”)
    • Old Norse: kjá
  • (perhaps) Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gáwbati
    • Proto-Iranian: *gáwbati (see there for further descendants)
• *gowH-éye-ti (causative)^[2][4]
  • Proto-Germanic: *kawjaną (“to call, name”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: γοάω (goáō) (or denominative from γόος (góos))
• *gowh₂-dʰh₁-y-ónti (denominative)^[5]
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gaustei
    • Lithuanian: gaũsti, gaudžiù (“to make a sound, hum”, 1sg.)
    • Latvian: gaũst, gaūžu (“to wail, lament”, 1sg.)
    • Proto-Slavic: *gǫsti (“to make a sound, hum, sing, weep, play an instrument”)^[3] (see there for further descendants)
• *gow-dʰh₁-us^[5]
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • Lithuanian: gaudùs (“sonorous”)
    • Latvian: gàuds (“miserable”)
• *gowH-oro-s^[2]
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gawaras
    • Latvian: gaura (“chatter”)
    • Proto-Slavic: *gȍvorъ (“talk”)^[3] (see there for further descendants)
• *gʷowH-os^[1][2]
  • Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: γόος (góos, “wailing, weeping, lament”)
• *guH-mós^[2]
  • Proto-Germanic: *kūmaz (“thin, weak, frail”)
    • ⇒ Old High German: kūmo (see there for further descendants)
    • ⇒ Old English: cyme
• Unsorted formations:
  • >? Sanskrit: जोगुवे (jóguve, “to call, invoke”)