Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/weraz

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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

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Etymology

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From Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós, with pretonic shortening before a resonant.[1] Compare Latin vir, Sanskrit वीर (vīrá), Irish fear, Welsh gŵr and Lithuanian vyras.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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*weraz m

  1. man
    Synonyms: *gumô, *mann-
  2. husband

Inflection

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masculine a-stemDeclension of *weraz (masculine a-stem)
singular plural
nominative *weraz *werōz, *werōs
vocative *wer *werōz, *werōs
accusative *werą *weranz
genitive *weras, *wiris *werǫ̂
dative *werai *weramaz
instrumental *werō *weramiz

Reconstruction notes

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Once used alongside *gumô in the sense of “man, husband”, today it has been replaced by *mann- and its descendants in all surviving Germanic languages.

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Proto-West Germanic: *wer
    • Old English: wer
      • Middle English: wer
    • Old Frisian: wer
    • Old Saxon: wer
    • Old Dutch: *wer
    • Old High German: wer
      • Middle High German: wer, were
        • German: Wer (archaic or obsolete)
  • Proto-Norse: ᚹᛖᚱᚨᛉ (weraʀ)
  • Gothic: 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂 (wair)

References

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  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN