Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/laiþaz

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂leytos (“abhorrence, loath”), from *h₂leyt- (“to do something hateful, abhorrent”). Cognate with Proto-Celtic *lissus (“abhorrence”) (compare Old Irish lius, liuss (“loathing, disgust”)), Ancient Greek ἀλιτρός (alitrós, “sinful, wicked”).[1]

Pronunciation

[edit]

Adjective

[edit]

*laiþaz

  1. loath; loathsome; disgusting
  2. unwilling; averse; reluctant
  3. offensive; hostile; hateful
  4. grievous; sweer; sad; sorry

Inflection

[edit]
Declension of *laiþaz (a-stem)
Strong declension
Case Masculine Feminine Neuter
Singular Plural Singular Plural Singular Plural
Nominative *laiþaz *laiþai *laiþō *laiþôz *laiþą, -atō *laiþō
Accusative *laiþanǭ *laiþanz *laiþǭ *laiþōz *laiþą, -atō *laiþō
Genitive *laiþas, -is *laiþaizǫ̂ *laiþaizōz *laiþaizǫ̂ *laiþas, -is *laiþaizǫ̂
Dative *laiþammai *laiþaimaz *laiþaizōi *laiþaimaz *laiþammai *laiþaimaz
Instrumental *laiþanō *laiþaimiz *laiþaizō *laiþaimiz *laiþanō *laiþaimiz
Weak declension
Case Masculine Feminine Neuter
Singular Plural Singular Plural Singular Plural
Nominative *laiþô *laiþaniz *laiþǭ *laiþōniz *laiþô *laiþōnō
Accusative *laiþanų *laiþanunz *laiþōnų *laiþōnunz *laiþô *laiþōnō
Genitive *laiþiniz *laiþanǫ̂ *laiþōniz *laiþōnǫ̂ *laiþiniz *laiþanǫ̂
Dative *laiþini *laiþammaz *laiþōni *laiþōmaz *laiþini *laiþammaz
Instrumental *laiþinē *laiþammiz *laiþōnē *laiþōmiz *laiþinē *laiþammiz


[edit]

Descendants

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*laiþaz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 233-4
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/laiþaz&oldid=82655475"