Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/bənər

This Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Although the sound changes appear to be regular, these could represent separate innovations between Western Indonesian and Eastern Polynesian, with the similarity being accidental on account of final *-r. Note that the Philippine reflexes appear to be borrowed from Malay.

• IPA^(key): /bənər/

*bənər

1. right, correct

• Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:
  • Proto-Oceanic: *bonor
    • Proto-Polynesian: *pono
      • Proto-Eastern Polynesian:
        • Marquesic:
          • Hawaiian: pono
          • Mangarevan: ʻapono, popono
          • North Marquesan: pono
        • Tahitic:
          • Maori: pono
          • Tahitian: pono
          • Tuamotuan: pono
      • Western Polynesian:
        • Futunic:
          • Pukapukan: pono
• Western Malayo-Polynesian:
  • Greater Barito:
    • Sama-Bajaw:
      • Mapun: bana, banna
      • Yakan: bennal
    • West Barito:
      • Ngaju: banar
  • Proto-Philippine: *bənər
    • Central Luzon:
      • Kapampangan: banal
    • Greater Central Philippine:
      • Central Philippine:
        • Bikol Central: banal
        • Mansaka: bunnal
        • Tagalog: banal
        • Tausug: bunnal
      • Danao:
        • Iranun: benar
        • Maguindanao: benal
        • Maranao: benar
      • Manobo:
        • Western Bukidnon Manobo: benar
      • Palawan:
        • Southwest Palawano: banar
    • Northern Luzon:
      • Casiguran Dumagat Agta: banal
  • Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands:
    • Batak:
      • Angkola Batak: bonar
      • Dairi Batak: benar
      • Karo Batak: benar
      • Mandailing Batak: bonar
      • Toba Batak: bonor
  • Lampungic:
    • Abung: benor
  • Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan:
    • Bali–Sasak:
      • Balinese: beneh, benah
      • Sasak: bender
    • Madurese: bendher
    • Proto-Malayo-Chamic:
      • Proto-Chamic:
        • Acehnese: beuna
      • Proto-Malayic: *bənər
        • Iban: bendar
        • Kerinci: bene
        • Malay: benar
          • Indonesian: benar
          • → Maranao: benar
          • → Tausug: bunnal
        • Minangkabau: bana
    • Sundanese: ᮘᮨᮔᮨᮁ (bener), beuneur
  • Old Javanese: bener
    • Javanese: bener

• Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database – true, correct
• Blust's Austronesian Comparative Dictionary – *bener