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U+638C, 掌
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-638C

[U+638B]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+638D]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 64, +8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 火月口手 (FBRQ), four-corner 90502, composition 𫩠 or 𠰅)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 437, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12248
  • Dae Jaweon: page 786, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1889, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+638C

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
alternative forms 𤓯

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *tjaŋʔ) : phonetic (OC *djaŋ, *djaŋs) + semantic .

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • ciēng - vernacular (“finger”);
  • ciōng - literary.
Note:
  • chiúⁿ/chióⁿ - vernacular (“palm”);
  • chńg/chéng/chín - vernacular (“finger”, often written as , e.g. 掌甲, 掌頭仔);
  • chióng/chiáng - literary.
Note:
  • zion2 - Shantou;
  • ziên2 - Chaozhou.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (23)
Final () (105)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter tsyangX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ɕɨɐŋX/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡ɕiɐŋX/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ɕiɑŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/cɨaŋX/
Li
Rong
/t͡ɕiaŋX/
Wang
Li
/t͡ɕĭaŋX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡ɕi̯aŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zhǎng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zoeng2
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
zhǎng
Middle
Chinese
‹ tsyangX ›
Old
Chinese
/*[k.t]aŋʔ/
English palm of the hand

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 11146
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*tjaŋʔ/

Definitions

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  1. palm of hand
      ―  zhǎng  ―  to clap
  2. (Min) finger
  3. sole of foot
  4. shoe sole or heel
  5. horseshoe
  6. to slap
  7. to hold
      ―  zhǎng  ―  to hold a flag
  8. to control
  9. (dialectal Mandarin) to put (seasoning)
  10. (Sichuanese) to support; to hold
  11. (Hakka, Teochew) to watch over; to look after

Compounds

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Descendants

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  • Mongolian: зан (zan, sole)

Japanese

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Kanji

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(Jōyō kanji)

  1. palm of the hand
  2. manipulate
  3. rule; administer

Readings

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Compounds

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
てのひら
Grade: S
kun'yomi
Alternative spellings
手の平
手のひら

From () (te, hand) + (no, -'s) + (ひら) (hira, flat). Compare English flat of one's hand.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(てのひら) (te-no-hira

  1. (anatomy) a palm

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
たなうら
Grade: S
kun'yomi

From () (ta-, hand) + (na, -'s, archaic) + (うら) (ura, hidden side).

Noun

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(たなうら) (tanaura

  1. (anatomy) a palm

Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term
たなごころ
Grade: S
kun'yomi

From () (ta-, hand) + (na, -'s, archaic) + (こころ) (kokoro, heart; inside, rendaku form (ごころ) (gokoro)).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(たなごころ) (tanagokoro

  1. (anatomy) a palm

Etymology 4

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Kanji in this term
しょう
Grade: S
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese (MC tsyangX).

Suffix

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(しょう) (-shōしやう (-syau)?

  1. (martial arts) used in the names of moves that involve hitting and pushing hard with the palm
    (じゅう)(けん)(ぽう) (はっ)()(ろく)(じゅう)(よん)(しょう)
    Jūkenpō Hakke Rokujūyonshō
    kenpō: Eight Trigrams, Sixty-Four Palms

References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese (MC tsyangX). Recorded as Middle Korean 쟈ᇰ〯 (cyǎng) (Yale: cyang) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 손바닥 (sonbadak jang))

  1. hanja form? of (palm of the hand)

Compounds

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References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: chưởng

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.