掌握
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Chinese
[edit]| palm (of hand); in charge of | shake hands; to hold; to grasp | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (掌握) |
掌 | 握 | |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): zoeng2 ak1 / zoeng2 aak1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chóng-vok
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5tsan-oq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄤˇ ㄨㄛˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhǎngwò
- Wade–Giles: chang3-wo4
- Yale: jǎng-wò
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jaangwoh
- Palladius: чжанво (čžanvo)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ wɔ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: zoeng2 ak1 / zoeng2 aak1
- Yale: jéung āk / jéung āak
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzoeng2 ak7 / dzoeng2 aak7
- Guangdong Romanization: zêng2 eg1 / zêng2 ag1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sœːŋ³⁵ ɐk̚⁵/, /t͡sœːŋ³⁵ aːk̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chóng-vok
- Hakka Romanization System: zongˋ vogˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: zong3 vog5
- Sinological IPA: /t͡soŋ³¹ vok̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiáng-ak
- Tâi-lô: tsiáng-ak
- Phofsit Daibuun: ciafng'ag
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siaŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ak̚³²/
- IPA (Taipei, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡siaŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ak̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chióng-ok
- Tâi-lô: tsióng-ok
- Phofsit Daibuun: ciofng'og
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɔk̚⁵/
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɔk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiáng-ok
- Tâi-lô: tsiáng-ok
- Phofsit Daibuun: ciafng'og
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siaŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɔk̚³²/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: zion2 og4
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsióⁿ ok
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sĩõ⁵²⁻³⁵ ok̚²/
- Wu
Verb
[edit]掌握
- to be in control of; to take charge of; to hold
- to master; to grasp; to know well
Synonyms
[edit]- (to be in control of):
- 主宰 (zhǔzǎi)
- 主張／主张 (zhǔzhāng) (archaic)
- 克制 (kèzhì)
- 克治 (kèzhì) (literary)
- 制禦／制御 (zhìyù) (literary)
- 制約／制约 (zhìyuē)
- 君 (jūn) (literary)
- 執掌／执掌 (zhízhǎng)
- 壓制／压制 (yāzhì)
- 壓抑／压抑 (yāyì)
- 局 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 局限 (júxiàn)
- 左右 (zuǒyòu)
- 把
- 抑制 (yìzhì)
- 把持 (bǎchí)
- 把控 (bǎkòng)
- 把攬／把揽 (bǎlǎn)
- 抵制 (dǐzhì)
- 拘束 (jūshù)
- 按 (àn)
- 按捺 (ànnà) (usually in the negative)
- 控 (literary, or in compounds)
- 控制 (kòngzhì)
- 掌控 (zhǎngkòng)
- 提控 (tíkòng) (literary)
- 撥弄／拨弄 (bōnòng)
- 撙節／撙节 (zǔnjié)
- 操控 (cāokòng)
- 操縱／操纵 (cāozòng)
- 擺佈／摆布 (bǎibù)
- 擺治／摆治 (bǎizhì) (regional)
- 支配 (zhīpèi)
- 收斂／收敛 (shōuliǎn)
- 束 (literary, or in compounds)
- 束縛／束缚 (shùfù)
- 柄 (literary, or in compounds)
- 框 (kuàng)
- 禁錮／禁锢 (jìngù) (figurative)
- 積壓／积压 (jīyā) (figurative)
- 節制／节制 (jiézhì)
- 節撙／节撙 (Quanzhou Hokkien, Xiamen Hokkien)
- 管制 (guǎnzhì)
- 管束 (guǎnshù)
- 約束／约束 (yuēshù)
- 統御／统御 (tǒngyù) (literary)
- 統治／统治 (tǒngzhì)
- 羈束／羁束 (jīshù) (literary)
- 裁 (cái) (literary, or in compounds)
- 遏抑 (èyì) (literary)
- 鎮／镇 (zhèn)
- 限 (xiàn)
- 限乏 (Xiamen Hokkien)
- 限制 (xiànzhì)
- 駕／驾 (jià)
- 駕馭／驾驭 (jiàyù) (figurative)
- (to know well):
- 了解 (liǎojiě)
- 佔有／占有 (zhànyǒu)
- 分曉／分晓 (fēnxiǎo)
- 參悟／参悟 (cānwù)
- 悟 (wù) (literary, or in compounds)
- 懂 (dǒng)
- 懂得 (dǒngde)
- 打生 (Wenzhounese)
- 把握 (bǎwò)
- 明 (ming4) (Cantonese)
- 明白
- 明瞭／明了 (míngliǎo)
- 曉得／晓得 (xiǎode)
- 會悟／会悟 (huìwù) (literary)
- 洞悉 (dòngxī)
- 清亮 (mainland China)
- 清楚
- 熟似 (Hokkien)
- 熟悉 (shúxī)
- 熟稔 (shúrěn) (literary)
- 熟識／熟识 (shúshí)
- 理會／理会 (lǐhuì)
- 理解 (lǐjiě)
- 瞭悟／了悟 (liǎowù) (literary)
- 知影 (Hokkien, Teochew)
- 知悉 (zhīxī) (literary)
- 知曉／知晓 (zhīxiǎo)
- 知識／知识 (zhīshí) (literary)
- 知道
- 覺／觉
- 覺悟／觉悟 (juéwù)
- 覺醒／觉醒 (juéxǐng)
- 認識／认识
- 諳曉／谙晓 (ānxiǎo) (literary)
- 諳達／谙达 (āndá) (literary)
- 貫通／贯通 (guàntōng)
- 通曉／通晓 (tōngxiǎo)
- 通解 (tōngjiě) (literary)
- 通達／通达 (tōngdá)
- 達／达 (literary, or in compounds)
- 醒悟 (xǐngwù)
- 開悟／开悟 (kāiwù) (literary)
- 領悟／领悟 (lǐngwù)
- 領會／领会 (lǐnghuì)
- 領略／领略 (lǐnglüè)
Japanese
[edit]| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 掌 | 握 |
| しょう Grade: S |
あく Grade: S |
| on'yomi | |
Noun
[edit]Verb
[edit]掌握する • (shōaku suru) suru (stem 掌握し (shōaku shi), past 掌握した (shōaku shita))
- to control
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "掌握する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 掌握し | しょうあくし | shōaku shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 掌握し | しょうあくし | shōaku shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 掌握する | しょうあくする | shōaku suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 掌握する | しょうあくする | shōaku suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 掌握すれ | しょうあくすれ | shōaku sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 掌握せよ¹ 掌握しろ² |
しょうあくせよ¹ しょうあくしろ² |
shōaku seyo¹ shōaku shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 掌握される | しょうあくされる | shōaku sareru | |
| Causative | 掌握させる 掌握さす |
しょうあくさせる しょうあくさす |
shōaku saseru shōaku sasu | |
| Potential | 掌握できる | しょうあくできる | shōaku dekiru | |
| Volitional | 掌握しよう | しょうあくしよう | shōaku shiyō | |
| Negative | 掌握しない | しょうあくしない | shōaku shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 掌握せず | しょうあくせず | shōaku sezu | |
| Formal | 掌握します | しょうあくします | shōaku shimasu | |
| Perfective | 掌握した | しょうあくした | shōaku shita | |
| Conjunctive | 掌握して | しょうあくして | shōaku shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 掌握すれば | しょうあくすれば | shōaku sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
Korean
[edit]| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 掌 | 握 |
Noun
[edit]- hanja form? of 장악 (“domination; control”)
Categories:
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- zh:Thinking
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- Japanese terms spelled with 握 read as あく
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