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refuser

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English

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Etymology

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From refuse +‎ -er.

Noun

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refuser (plural refusers)

  1. One who refuses.

French

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old French refuser, from Vulgar Latin *refūsāre, a blend of Latin refūtāre and recūsāre.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ʁə.fy.ze/
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

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refuser

  1. to refuse
    Antonym: accepter

Conjugation

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Conjugation of refuser (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple refuser
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple refusant
/ʁə.fy.zɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle refusé
/ʁə.fy.ze/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present refuse
/ʁə.fyz/ 		refuses
/ʁə.fyz/ 		refuse
/ʁə.fyz/ 		refusons
/ʁə.fy.zɔ̃/ 		refusez
/ʁə.fy.ze/ 		refusent
/ʁə.fyz/
imperfect refusais
/ʁə.fy.zɛ/ 		refusais
/ʁə.fy.zɛ/ 		refusait
/ʁə.fy.zɛ/ 		refusions
/ʁə.fy.zjɔ̃/ 		refusiez
/ʁə.fy.zje/ 		refusaient
/ʁə.fy.zɛ/
past historic2 refusai
/ʁə.fy.ze/ 		refusas
/ʁə.fy.za/ 		refusa
/ʁə.fy.za/ 		refusâmes
/ʁə.fy.zam/ 		refusâtes
/ʁə.fy.zat/ 		refusèrent
/ʁə.fy.zɛʁ/
future refuserai
/ʁə.fyz.ʁe/ 		refuseras
/ʁə.fyz.ʁa/ 		refusera
/ʁə.fyz.ʁa/ 		refuserons
/ʁə.fyz.ʁɔ̃/ 		refuserez
/ʁə.fyz.ʁe/ 		refuseront
/ʁə.fyz.ʁɔ̃/
conditional refuserais
/ʁə.fyz.ʁɛ/ 		refuserais
/ʁə.fyz.ʁɛ/ 		refuserait
/ʁə.fyz.ʁɛ/ 		refuserions
/ʁə.fy.zə.ʁjɔ̃/ 		refuseriez
/ʁə.fy.zə.ʁje/ 		refuseraient
/ʁə.fyz.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present refuse
/ʁə.fyz/ 		refuses
/ʁə.fyz/ 		refuse
/ʁə.fyz/ 		refusions
/ʁə.fy.zjɔ̃/ 		refusiez
/ʁə.fy.zje/ 		refusent
/ʁə.fyz/
imperfect2 refusasse
/ʁə.fy.zas/ 		refusasses
/ʁə.fy.zas/ 		refusât
/ʁə.fy.za/ 		refusassions
/ʁə.fy.za.sjɔ̃/ 		refusassiez
/ʁə.fy.za.sje/ 		refusassent
/ʁə.fy.zas/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — refuse
/ʁə.fyz/ 		— refusons
/ʁə.fy.zɔ̃/ 		refusez
/ʁə.fy.ze/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Haitian Creole: refize
  • → Albanian: refuzoj
  • → Romanian: refuza

Further reading

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Old French

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Etymology

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From Vulgar Latin *refūsāre.

Verb

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refuser

  1. to refuse

Conjugation

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This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-ss, *-st are modified to s, st. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of refuser (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple compound
infinitive refuser avoir refusé
gerund en refusant gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle refusant
past participle refusé
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu il nos vos il
simple
tenses 		present refus refuses refuse refusons refusez refusent
imperfect refusoie, refuseie, refusoe, refuseve refusoies, refuseies, refusoes, refuseves refusoit, refuseit, refusot, refuseve refusiiens, refusiens refusiiez, refusiez refusoient, refuseient, refusoent, refusevent
preterite refusai refusas refusa refusames refusastes refuserent
future refuserai refuseras refusera refuserons refuseroiz, refusereiz, refuserez refuseront
conditional refuseroie, refusereie refuseroies, refusereies refuseroit, refusereit refuseriiens, refuseriens refuseriiez, refuseriez refuseroient, refusereient
compound
tenses 		present perfect present tense of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
past anterior preterite tense of avoir + past participle
future perfect future tense of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que jo que tu qu’il que nos que vos qu’il
simple
tenses 		present refus refus refust refusons refusez refusent
imperfect refusasse refusasses refusast refusissons, refusissiens refusissoiz, refusissez, refusissiez refusassent
compound
tenses 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nos vos –
— refuse — refusons refusez —

Descendants

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