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Zulu
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb
-khá
- to draw (water)
- to pick (fruits)
Inflection
Tone H
|
Infinitive
|
ukukha
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukukha
|
ukungakhi
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
yikha
|
-khe
|
Plural
|
yikhani
|
-kheni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyakha, ngikha
|
engikhayo, engikha
|
ngikha
|
angikhi
|
engingakhi
|
ngingakhi
|
2nd singular
|
uyakha, ukha
|
okhayo, okha
|
ukha
|
awukhi
|
ongakhi
|
ungakhi
|
1st plural
|
siyakha, sikha
|
esikhayo, esikha
|
sikha
|
asikhi
|
esingakhi
|
singakhi
|
2nd plural
|
niyakha, nikha
|
enikhayo, enikha
|
nikha
|
anikhi
|
eningakhi
|
ningakhi
|
Class 1
|
uyakha, ukha
|
okhayo, okha
|
ekha
|
akakhi
|
ongakhi
|
engakhi
|
Class 2
|
bayakha, bakha
|
abakhayo, abakha
|
bekha
|
abakhi
|
abangakhi
|
bengakhi
|
Class 3
|
uyakha, ukha
|
okhayo, okha
|
ukha
|
awukhi
|
ongakhi
|
ungakhi
|
Class 4
|
iyakha, ikha
|
ekhayo, ekha
|
ikha
|
ayikhi
|
engakhi
|
ingakhi
|
Class 5
|
liyakha, likha
|
elikhayo, elikha
|
likha
|
alikhi
|
elingakhi
|
lingakhi
|
Class 6
|
ayakha, akha
|
akhayo, akha
|
ekha
|
awakhi
|
angakhi
|
engakhi
|
Class 7
|
siyakha, sikha
|
esikhayo, esikha
|
sikha
|
asikhi
|
esingakhi
|
singakhi
|
Class 8
|
ziyakha, zikha
|
ezikhayo, ezikha
|
zikha
|
azikhi
|
ezingakhi
|
zingakhi
|
Class 9
|
iyakha, ikha
|
ekhayo, ekha
|
ikha
|
ayikhi
|
engakhi
|
ingakhi
|
Class 10
|
ziyakha, zikha
|
ezikhayo, ezikha
|
zikha
|
azikhi
|
ezingakhi
|
zingakhi
|
Class 11
|
luyakha, lukha
|
olukhayo, olukha
|
lukha
|
alukhi
|
olungakhi
|
lungakhi
|
Class 14
|
buyakha, bukha
|
obukhayo, obukha
|
bukha
|
abukhi
|
obungakhi
|
bungakhi
|
Class 15
|
kuyakha, kukha
|
okukhayo, okukha
|
kukha
|
akukhi
|
okungakhi
|
kungakhi
|
Class 17
|
kuyakha, kukha
|
okukhayo, okukha
|
kukha
|
akukhi
|
okungakhi
|
kungakhi
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngikhile, ngikhē
|
engikhile, engikhē
|
ngikhile, ngikhē
|
angikhanga
|
engingakhanga
|
ngingakhanga
|
2nd singular
|
ukhile, ukhē
|
okhile, okhē
|
ukhile, ukhē
|
awukhanga
|
ongakhanga
|
ungakhanga
|
1st plural
|
sikhile, sikhē
|
esikhile, esikhē
|
sikhile, sikhē
|
asikhanga
|
esingakhanga
|
singakhanga
|
2nd plural
|
nikhile, nikhē
|
enikhile, enikhē
|
nikhile, nikhē
|
anikhanga
|
eningakhanga
|
ningakhanga
|
Class 1
|
ukhile, ukhē
|
okhile, okhē
|
ekhile, ekhē
|
akakhanga
|
ongakhanga
|
engakhanga
|
Class 2
|
bakhile, bakhē
|
abakhile, abakhē
|
bekhile, bekhē
|
abakhanga
|
abangakhanga
|
bengakhanga
|
Class 3
|
ukhile, ukhē
|
okhile, okhē
|
ukhile, ukhē
|
awukhanga
|
ongakhanga
|
ungakhanga
|
Class 4
|
ikhile, ikhē
|
ekhile, ekhē
|
ikhile, ikhē
|
ayikhanga
|
engakhanga
|
ingakhanga
|
Class 5
|
likhile, likhē
|
elikhile, elikhē
|
likhile, likhē
|
alikhanga
|
elingakhanga
|
lingakhanga
|
Class 6
|
akhile, akhē
|
akhile, akhē
|
ekhile, ekhē
|
awakhanga
|
angakhanga
|
engakhanga
|
Class 7
|
sikhile, sikhē
|
esikhile, esikhē
|
sikhile, sikhē
|
asikhanga
|
esingakhanga
|
singakhanga
|
Class 8
|
zikhile, zikhē
|
ezikhile, ezikhē
|
zikhile, zikhē
|
azikhanga
|
ezingakhanga
|
zingakhanga
|
Class 9
|
ikhile, ikhē
|
ekhile, ekhē
|
ikhile, ikhē
|
ayikhanga
|
engakhanga
|
ingakhanga
|
Class 10
|
zikhile, zikhē
|
ezikhile, ezikhē
|
zikhile, zikhē
|
azikhanga
|
ezingakhanga
|
zingakhanga
|
Class 11
|
lukhile, lukhē
|
olukhile, olukhē
|
lukhile, lukhē
|
alukhanga
|
olungakhanga
|
lungakhanga
|
Class 14
|
bukhile, bukhē
|
obukhile, obukhē
|
bukhile, bukhē
|
abukhanga
|
obungakhanga
|
bungakhanga
|
Class 15
|
kukhile, kukhē
|
okukhile, okukhē
|
kukhile, kukhē
|
akukhanga
|
okungakhanga
|
kungakhanga
|
Class 17
|
kukhile, kukhē
|
okukhile, okukhē
|
kukhile, kukhē
|
akukhanga
|
okungakhanga
|
kungakhanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngākha
|
engākha
|
ngākha
|
angikhanga
|
engingakhanga
|
ngingakhanga
|
2nd singular
|
wākha
|
owākha
|
wākha
|
awukhanga
|
ongakhanga
|
ungakhanga
|
1st plural
|
sākha
|
esākha
|
sākha
|
asikhanga
|
esingakhanga
|
singakhanga
|
2nd plural
|
nākha
|
enākha
|
nākha
|
anikhanga
|
eningakhanga
|
ningakhanga
|
Class 1
|
wākha
|
owākha
|
ākha
|
akakhanga
|
ongakhanga
|
engakhanga
|
Class 2
|
bākha
|
abākha
|
bākha
|
abakhanga
|
abangakhanga
|
bengakhanga
|
Class 3
|
wākha
|
owākha
|
wākha
|
awukhanga
|
ongakhanga
|
ungakhanga
|
Class 4
|
yākha
|
eyākha
|
yākha
|
ayikhanga
|
engakhanga
|
ingakhanga
|
Class 5
|
lākha
|
elākha
|
lākha
|
alikhanga
|
elingakhanga
|
lingakhanga
|
Class 6
|
ākha
|
ākha
|
ākha
|
awakhanga
|
angakhanga
|
engakhanga
|
Class 7
|
sākha
|
esākha
|
sākha
|
asikhanga
|
esingakhanga
|
singakhanga
|
Class 8
|
zākha
|
ezākha
|
zākha
|
azikhanga
|
ezingakhanga
|
zingakhanga
|
Class 9
|
yākha
|
eyākha
|
yākha
|
ayikhanga
|
engakhanga
|
ingakhanga
|
Class 10
|
zākha
|
ezākha
|
zākha
|
azikhanga
|
ezingakhanga
|
zingakhanga
|
Class 11
|
lwākha
|
olwākha
|
lwākha
|
alukhanga
|
olungakhanga
|
lungakhanga
|
Class 14
|
bākha
|
obākha
|
bākha
|
abukhanga
|
obungakhanga
|
bungakhanga
|
Class 15
|
kwākha
|
okwākha
|
kwākha
|
akukhanga
|
okungakhanga
|
kungakhanga
|
Class 17
|
kwākha
|
okwākha
|
kwākha
|
akukhanga
|
okungakhanga
|
kungakhanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingakha
|
—
|
ngingakha
|
ngingekhe
|
—
|
ngingekhe
|
2nd singular
|
ungakha
|
—
|
ungakha
|
ungekhe
|
—
|
ungekhe
|
1st plural
|
singakha
|
—
|
singakha
|
singekhe
|
—
|
singekhe
|
2nd plural
|
ningakha
|
—
|
ningakha
|
ningekhe
|
—
|
ningekhe
|
Class 1
|
angakha
|
—
|
engakha
|
angekhe
|
—
|
engekhe
|
Class 2
|
bangakha
|
—
|
bengakha
|
bangekhe
|
—
|
bengekhe
|
Class 3
|
ungakha
|
—
|
ungakha
|
ungekhe
|
—
|
ungekhe
|
Class 4
|
ingakha
|
—
|
ingakha
|
ingekhe
|
—
|
ingekhe
|
Class 5
|
lingakha
|
—
|
lingakha
|
lingekhe
|
—
|
lingekhe
|
Class 6
|
angakha
|
—
|
engakha
|
angekhe
|
—
|
engekhe
|
Class 7
|
singakha
|
—
|
singakha
|
singekhe
|
—
|
singekhe
|
Class 8
|
zingakha
|
—
|
zingakha
|
zingekhe
|
—
|
zingekhe
|
Class 9
|
ingakha
|
—
|
ingakha
|
ingekhe
|
—
|
ingekhe
|
Class 10
|
zingakha
|
—
|
zingakha
|
zingekhe
|
—
|
zingekhe
|
Class 11
|
lungakha
|
—
|
lungakha
|
lungekhe
|
—
|
lungekhe
|
Class 14
|
bungakha
|
—
|
bungakha
|
bungekhe
|
—
|
bungekhe
|
Class 15
|
kungakha
|
—
|
kungakha
|
kungekhe
|
—
|
kungekhe
|
Class 17
|
kungakha
|
—
|
kungakha
|
kungekhe
|
—
|
kungekhe
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizokukha
|
engizokukha
|
ngizokukha
|
angizukukha
|
engingezukukha
|
ngingezukukha
|
2nd singular
|
uzokukha
|
ozokukha
|
uzokukha
|
awuzukukha
|
ongezukukha
|
ungezukukha
|
1st plural
|
sizokukha
|
esizokukha
|
sizokukha
|
asizukukha
|
esingezukukha
|
singezukukha
|
2nd plural
|
nizokukha
|
enizokukha
|
nizokukha
|
anizukukha
|
eningezukukha
|
ningezukukha
|
Class 1
|
uzokukha
|
ozokukha
|
ezokukha
|
akazukukha
|
ongezukukha
|
engezukukha
|
Class 2
|
bazokukha
|
abazokukha
|
bezokukha
|
abazukukha
|
abangezukukha
|
bengezukukha
|
Class 3
|
uzokukha
|
ozokukha
|
uzokukha
|
awuzukukha
|
ongezukukha
|
ungezukukha
|
Class 4
|
izokukha
|
ezokukha
|
izokukha
|
ayizukukha
|
engezukukha
|
ingezukukha
|
Class 5
|
lizokukha
|
elizokukha
|
lizokukha
|
alizukukha
|
elingezukukha
|
lingezukukha
|
Class 6
|
azokukha
|
azokukha
|
ezokukha
|
awazukukha
|
angezukukha
|
engezukukha
|
Class 7
|
sizokukha
|
esizokukha
|
sizokukha
|
asizukukha
|
esingezukukha
|
singezukukha
|
Class 8
|
zizokukha
|
ezizokukha
|
zizokukha
|
azizukukha
|
ezingezukukha
|
zingezukukha
|
Class 9
|
izokukha
|
ezokukha
|
izokukha
|
ayizukukha
|
engezukukha
|
ingezukukha
|
Class 10
|
zizokukha
|
ezizokukha
|
zizokukha
|
azizukukha
|
ezingezukukha
|
zingezukukha
|
Class 11
|
luzokukha
|
oluzokukha
|
luzokukha
|
aluzukukha
|
olungezukukha
|
lungezukukha
|
Class 14
|
buzokukha
|
obuzokukha
|
buzokukha
|
abuzukukha
|
obungezukukha
|
bungezukukha
|
Class 15
|
kuzokukha
|
okuzokukha
|
kuzokukha
|
akuzukukha
|
okungezukukha
|
kungezukukha
|
Class 17
|
kuzokukha
|
okuzokukha
|
kuzokukha
|
akuzukukha
|
okungezukukha
|
kungezukukha
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyokukha
|
engiyokukha
|
ngiyokukha
|
angiyukukha
|
engingeyukukha
|
ngingeyukukha
|
2nd singular
|
uyokukha
|
oyokukha
|
uyokukha
|
awuyukukha
|
ongeyukukha
|
ungeyukukha
|
1st plural
|
siyokukha
|
esiyokukha
|
siyokukha
|
asiyukukha
|
esingeyukukha
|
singeyukukha
|
2nd plural
|
niyokukha
|
eniyokukha
|
niyokukha
|
aniyukukha
|
eningeyukukha
|
ningeyukukha
|
Class 1
|
uyokukha
|
oyokukha
|
eyokukha
|
akayukukha
|
ongeyukukha
|
engeyukukha
|
Class 2
|
bayokukha
|
abayokukha
|
beyokukha
|
abayukukha
|
abangeyukukha
|
bengeyukukha
|
Class 3
|
uyokukha
|
oyokukha
|
uyokukha
|
awuyukukha
|
ongeyukukha
|
ungeyukukha
|
Class 4
|
iyokukha
|
eyokukha
|
iyokukha
|
ayiyukukha
|
engeyukukha
|
ingeyukukha
|
Class 5
|
liyokukha
|
eliyokukha
|
liyokukha
|
aliyukukha
|
elingeyukukha
|
lingeyukukha
|
Class 6
|
ayokukha
|
ayokukha
|
eyokukha
|
awayukukha
|
angeyukukha
|
engeyukukha
|
Class 7
|
siyokukha
|
esiyokukha
|
siyokukha
|
asiyukukha
|
esingeyukukha
|
singeyukukha
|
Class 8
|
ziyokukha
|
eziyokukha
|
ziyokukha
|
aziyukukha
|
ezingeyukukha
|
zingeyukukha
|
Class 9
|
iyokukha
|
eyokukha
|
iyokukha
|
ayiyukukha
|
engeyukukha
|
ingeyukukha
|
Class 10
|
ziyokukha
|
eziyokukha
|
ziyokukha
|
aziyukukha
|
ezingeyukukha
|
zingeyukukha
|
Class 11
|
luyokukha
|
oluyokukha
|
luyokukha
|
aluyukukha
|
olungeyukukha
|
lungeyukukha
|
Class 14
|
buyokukha
|
obuyokukha
|
buyokukha
|
abuyukukha
|
obungeyukukha
|
bungeyukukha
|
Class 15
|
kuyokukha
|
okuyokukha
|
kuyokukha
|
akuyukukha
|
okungeyukukha
|
kungeyukukha
|
Class 17
|
kuyokukha
|
okuyokukha
|
kuyokukha
|
akuyukukha
|
okungeyukukha
|
kungeyukukha
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngikhe
|
ngingakhi
|
2nd singular
|
ukhe
|
ungakhi
|
1st plural
|
sikhe
|
singakhi
|
2nd plural
|
nikhe
|
ningakhi
|
Class 1
|
akhe
|
angakhi
|
Class 2
|
bakhe
|
bangakhi
|
Class 3
|
ukhe
|
ungakhi
|
Class 4
|
ikhe
|
ingakhi
|
Class 5
|
likhe
|
lingakhi
|
Class 6
|
akhe
|
angakhi
|
Class 7
|
sikhe
|
singakhi
|
Class 8
|
zikhe
|
zingakhi
|
Class 9
|
ikhe
|
ingakhi
|
Class 10
|
zikhe
|
zingakhi
|
Class 11
|
lukhe
|
lungakhi
|
Class 14
|
bukhe
|
bungakhi
|
Class 15
|
kukhe
|
kungakhi
|
Class 17
|
kukhe
|
kungakhi
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngakha
|
ngangakha, angakha, angangakha
|
2nd singular
|
wakha
|
wangakha, awakha, awangakha
|
1st plural
|
sakha
|
sangakha, asakha, asangakha
|
2nd plural
|
nakha
|
nangakha, anakha, anangakha
|
Class 1
|
wakha
|
wangakha, akakha, akangakha
|
Class 2
|
bakha
|
bangakha, abakha, abangakha
|
Class 3
|
wakha
|
wangakha, awakha, awangakha
|
Class 4
|
yakha
|
yangakha, ayakha, ayangakha
|
Class 5
|
lakha
|
langakha, alakha, alangakha
|
Class 6
|
akha
|
angakha, awakha, awangakha
|
Class 7
|
sakha
|
sangakha, asakha, asangakha
|
Class 8
|
zakha
|
zangakha, azakha, azangakha
|
Class 9
|
yakha
|
yangakha, ayakha, ayangakha
|
Class 10
|
zakha
|
zangakha, azakha, azangakha
|
Class 11
|
lwakha
|
lwangakha, alwakha, alwangakha
|
Class 14
|
bakha
|
bangakha, abakha, abangakha
|
Class 15
|
kwakha
|
kwangakha, akwakha, akwangakha
|
Class 17
|
kwakha
|
kwangakha, akwakha, akwangakha
|
References