espinar

espina +‎ -ar

• IPA^(key): /espiˈnaɾ/ [es.piˈnaɾ]

espinar m (plural espinares)

1. hawthorn wood
2. place covered with thorny bushes

   Synonym: espinal

espinar (first-person singular present espino, first-person singular preterite espiné, past participle espinado)

1. to sting, to pierce

   Synonyms: pinchar, punzar

2. to cover with thorns or thorny branches
3. to offend someone with words

• “espinar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28