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===Etymology=== |
===Etymology=== |
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From {{inh|en|enm|sabat}}, {{m|enm|sabbat}}, {{m|enm|sabath}}, from {{inh|en|ang| |
From {{inh|en|enm|sabat}}, {{m|enm|sabbat}}, {{m|enm|sabath}}, from {{inh|en|ang|sabat}} and {{der|en|fro|sabbat}}, both from {{der|en|la|sabbatum}}, from {{der|en|grc|σάββατον||Sabbath}}, from {{der|en|he|sc=Hebr|שַׁבָּת|tr=shabát||Sabbath}},<ref>{{R:Dictionary.com}}</ref><ref>{{R:MWO}}</ref> with the spelling ending in ''-th'', probably influenced by the traditional transliteration of the Hebrew as ''shabbāth'', being attested since the 14th century and widespread since the 16th.<ref>{{R:Etymonline}}</ref> {{doublet|en|Shabbat}}. Possibly from the Sumerian ''sa-bat'' ("mid-rest")<ref name=ere>{{cite-book|author=Pinches, T.G.|editor=Hastings, James|others=Selbie, John A., contrib|title=Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics|publisher=Charles Scribner's Sons|year=1919|pages=889–891|chapter=Sabbath (Babylonian)|chapterurl=https://archive.org/details/encyclopaediaofr10hast_0/page/888/mode/2up}}</ref> |
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===Pronunciation=== |
===Pronunciation=== |
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* |
* {{IPA|en|/ˈsæbəθ/|a=UK,US}} |
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* {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-Sabbath.wav| |
* {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-Sabbath.wav|a=Southern England}} |
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===Noun=== |
===Noun=== |
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{{en-noun}} |
{{en-noun}} |
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# {{l|en|Saturday}}, observed in {{l|en|Judaism}} and some Christian denominations as a day of rest and worship. |
# {{l|en|Friday}} evening to {{l|en|Saturday}} evening, observed in {{l|en|Judaism}} and some Christian denominations (such as the [[Coptic Orthodox Church]]) as a day of rest and worship. |
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#* {{RQ:King James Version|Isaiah|58|13|14|passage=13 ¶ If thou turne away thy foote from the '''Sabbath''', from doing thy pleasure on my Holy day, and call the '''Sabbath''' a delight, the holy of the Lord, honourable, and shalt honour him, not doing thine owne wayes, nor finding thine owne pleasure, nor speaking thine owne wordes:<br>14 Then shalt thou delight thy selfe in the Lord, and I will cause thee to ride vpon the high places of the earth, and feede thee with the heritage of Iacob thy father; for the mouth of the Lord hath spoken it.}} |
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# {{l|en|Sunday}}, observed in most of {{l|en|Christianity}} as a day of rest and worship. |
# {{l|en|Sunday}}, observed in most of {{l|en|Christianity}} as a day of rest and worship. |
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# A meeting of {{l|en|witch|witches}}. {{q|Also called a {{m|en|witches' Sabbath}}, {{m|en|Shabbat}}, {{m|en|sabbat}}{{,}} or {{m|en|black |
# A meeting of {{l|en|witch|witches}}. {{q|Also called a {{m|en|witches' Sabbath}}, {{m|en|Shabbat}}, {{m|en|sabbat}}{{,}} or {{m|en|black Sabbath}}.}} |
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#* {{quote-book|1=en|year=1936|author=Rollo Ahmed|title=The Black Art|publisher=Long|location=London|page=112|passage=Witches always anointed themselves with ointments before departing up the chimney to their '''Sabbaths'''. One such ointment was composed of Aconite, Belladonna, Water Parsley, Cinquefoil and Babies' Fat.}} |
#* {{quote-book|1=en|year=1936|author=Rollo Ahmed|title=The Black Art|publisher=Long|location=London|page=112|passage=Witches always anointed themselves with ointments before departing up the chimney to their '''Sabbaths'''. One such ointment was composed of Aconite, Belladonna, Water Parsley, Cinquefoil and Babies' Fat.}} |
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#* |
#* {{quote-text|en|year=1971|author={{w|Keith Thomas (historian)|Keith Thomas}}|title=Religion and the Decline of Magic|page=419|publisher=Folio Society|year_published=2012 |
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|passage=Around this conception was built up the notion of ritual devil-worship, involving the '''sabbath''' or nocturnal meeting at which the witches gathered to worship their master and to copulate with him.}} |
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# {{lb|en|historical}} Among the ancient Jews and [[Hebrew]]s, the seventh [[year]], when the land was left [[fallow]]. |
# {{lb|en|historical}} Among the ancient Jews and [[Hebrew]]s, the seventh [[year]], when the land was left [[fallow]]. |
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#: {{syn|en|Sabbath year}} |
#: {{syn|en|Sabbath year}} |
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# {{lb|en|Buddhism|Myanmar}} [[uposatha]] day |
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====Derived terms==== |
====Derived terms==== |
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{{der4|en |
{{der4|en |
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|Sabbath-breaker |
|Sabbath-breaker |
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|Sabbath breaker |
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|Sabbathbreaker |
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|Sabbath-breaking |
|Sabbath-breaking |
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|Sabbath breaking |
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|Sabbathbreaking |
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|Sabbath-keeper |
|Sabbath-keeper |
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|Sabbath keeper |
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|Sabbathkeeper |
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|Sabbath-keeping |
|Sabbath-keeping |
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|Sabbath keeping |
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|Sabbathkeeping |
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|Sabbathless |
|Sabbathless |
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|Sabbathlike |
|Sabbathlike |
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====Translations==== |
====Translations==== |
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{{trans-top|Saturday (Judaism, some denominations of |
{{trans-top|Saturday (Judaism, some denominations of Christianity)}} |
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* Aghwan: {{t|xag|𐕐𐔰𐕌𐔱𐔰𐕜}} |
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* Arabic: {{t+|ar|اَلسَّبْت|m}} |
* Arabic: {{t+|ar|اَلسَّبْت|m}} |
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* Armenian: |
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*: Old Armenian: {{t|xcl|շաբաթ}} |
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* Bulgarian: {{t|bg|шабат|m}} |
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* Chinese: |
* Chinese: |
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*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|安息日|tr=ānxīrì |
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|安息日|tr=ānxīrì}} |
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* Czech: {{t+|cs|sabat|m}}, {{t+|cs|šábes|m}} |
* Czech: {{t+|cs|sabat|m}}, {{t+|cs|šabat|m}}, {{t+|cs|šábes|m}} |
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* Danish: {{t+|da|sabbat|c}} |
* Danish: {{t+|da|sabbat|c}} |
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* Dutch: {{t+|nl|sabbat|m}}, {{t+|nl|sjabbat|m}}, {{t+|nl|sjabbes|m}} |
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|sabbat|m}}, {{t+|nl|sjabbat|m}}, {{t+|nl|sjabbes|m}} |
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* Hebrew: {{t+|he|שַׁבָּת|f|tr=shabát}} |
* Hebrew: {{t+|he|שַׁבָּת|f|tr=shabát}} |
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* Ido: {{t+|io|sabato}} |
* Ido: {{t+|io|sabato}} |
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* Indonesian: {{t+|id|sabat}}, {{t+|id|Sabat}} |
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* Irish: {{t|ga|Sabóid|f}} |
* Irish: {{t|ga|Sabóid|f}} |
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* Japanese: {{t+|ja|安息日|tr=ansokunichi, ansokujitsu, ansokubi}} |
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|安息日|tr=ansokunichi, ansokujitsu, ansokubi}} |
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* Kazakh: {{t|kk|демалыс күні}} |
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* Latin: {{t|la|sabbatum|n}}, {{t|la|Hērōdis diēs|f}} |
* Latin: {{t|la|sabbatum|n}}, {{t|la|Hērōdis diēs|f}} |
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⚫ | |||
{{trans-mid}} |
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⚫ | |||
*: German Low German: {{t|nds-de|Sabbat|m}}, {{t|nds-de|Schabbat|m}}, {{t|nds-de|Schabbes|m}} |
*: German Low German: {{t|nds-de|Sabbat|m}}, {{t|nds-de|Schabbat|m}}, {{t|nds-de|Schabbes|m}} |
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* Macedonian: {{t|mk|са́бат|m}} |
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* Maori: {{t|mi|hāpati}} |
* Maori: {{t|mi|hāpati}} |
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* Norwegian: |
* Norwegian: |
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*: Bokmål: {{t|nb|sabbat|m}} |
*: Bokmål: {{t|nb|sabbat|m}} |
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*: Nynorsk: {{t|nn|sabbat|m}} |
*: Nynorsk: {{t|nn|sabbat|m}} |
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* Old English: {{t|ang| |
* Old English: {{t|ang|ræstedæġ|m}} |
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* Persian: {{t|fa|شبات|tr=šabât}} |
* Persian: {{t|fa|شبات|tr=šabât}} |
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* Plautdietsch: {{t|pdt|Sabat|m}} |
* Plautdietsch: {{t|pdt|Sabat|m}} |
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* Scottish Gaelic: {{t|gd|Sàbaid|f}} |
* Scottish Gaelic: {{t|gd|Sàbaid|f}} |
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* Serbo-Croatian: {{t|sh|сабат|m|sc=Cyrl}}, {{t+|sh|sabat|m}} |
* Serbo-Croatian: {{t|sh|сабат|m|sc=Cyrl}}, {{t+|sh|sabat|m}} |
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* Spanish: {{t+|es|sábado|m}}, {{t|es|sabbat|m}} |
* Spanish: {{t+|es|sábado|m}}, {{t|es|''sabbat''|m}}, {{t|es|shabbat|m}} |
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* Swedish: {{t+|sv|sabbat|c}} |
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|sabbat|c}} |
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* Thai: {{t|th|สะบาโต}} |
* Thai: {{t|th|สะบาโต}} |
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* Turkish: {{t|tr|Şabat}} |
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* Ukrainian: {{t+|uk|ша́баш|m}} |
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* Volapük: {{t+|vo|jabat}} |
* Volapük: {{t+|vo|jabat}} |
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* Yiddish: {{t+|yi|שבת|m|tr=shabes|sc=Hebr}} |
* Yiddish: {{t+|yi|שבת|m|tr=shabes|sc=Hebr}} |
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* French: {{t+|fr|dimanche|m}} |
* French: {{t+|fr|dimanche|m}} |
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* German: {{t+|de|Sonntag|m}} |
* German: {{t+|de|Sonntag|m}} |
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* Gujarati: {{t|gu|વિશ્રામવાર|m}} |
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* Hebrew: {{t+|he|יוֹם רִאשׁוֹן|m|tr=yom rishón}} |
* Hebrew: {{t+|he|יוֹם רִאשׁוֹן|m|tr=yom rishón}} |
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* Ido: {{t+|io|sundio}} |
* Ido: {{t+|io|sundio}} |
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* Irish: {{t|ga|Sabóid|f}} |
* Irish: {{t|ga|Sabóid|f}} |
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* Low German: |
* Low German: |
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*: German Low German: {{t|nds-de|Sünndag|m}} |
*: German Low German: {{t|nds-de|Sünndag|m}} |
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* Macedonian: {{t+|mk|не́дела|f}} |
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* Norwegian: |
* Norwegian: |
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*: Bokmål: {{t+|nb|søndag|m}} |
*: Bokmål: {{t+|nb|søndag|m}} |
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*: Nynorsk: {{t+|nn|sundag|m}}, {{t+|nn|søndag|m}} |
*: Nynorsk: {{t+|nn|sundag|m}}, {{t+|nn|søndag|m}} |
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{{trans-mid}} |
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* Polish: {{t+|pl|niedziela|f}} |
* Polish: {{t+|pl|niedziela|f}} |
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* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|domingo|m}} |
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|domingo|m}} |
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{{trans-top|witches' Sabbath}} |
{{trans-top|witches' Sabbath}} |
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* Basque: {{t+|eu|akelarre}} |
* Basque: {{t+|eu|akelarre}} |
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* Bulgarian: {{t|bg|сборище на вещици}} |
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* Catalan: {{t+|ca|aquelarre}}, {{t+|ca|akelarre}} |
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|aquelarre}}, {{t+|ca|akelarre}} |
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* Czech: {{t+|cs|sabat|m}} |
* Czech: {{t+|cs|sabat|m}} |
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* German: {{t+|de|Hexensabbat|m}}, {{t|de|Hexentanz|m}}, {{t|de|Teufelstanz|m}} |
* German: {{t+|de|Hexensabbat|m}}, {{t|de|Hexentanz|m}}, {{t|de|Teufelstanz|m}} |
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* Italian: {{t|it|sabba|m}} |
* Italian: {{t|it|sabba|m}} |
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* Low German: |
* Low German: |
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* :German Low German: {{t|nds-de|Hexensabbat|m}} |
* :German Low German: {{t|nds-de|Hexensabbat|m}} |
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* Macedonian: {{t-needed|mk}} |
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{{trans-mid}} |
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* Norwegian: |
* Norwegian: |
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*: Bokmål: {{t|nb|heksesabbat|m}} |
*: Bokmål: {{t|nb|heksesabbat|m}} |
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* {{anagrams|en|a=aabbhst|Shabbat|shabbat}} |
* {{anagrams|en|a=aabbhst|Shabbat|shabbat}} |
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{{cln|en|terms derived from the Bible}} |
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{{C|en|Christianity|Islam|Judaism|Religion|Time}} |
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[[Category:en:Islam]] |
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[[Category:en:Judaism]] |
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[[Category:en:Religion]] |
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[[Category:en:Time]] |
Latest revision as of 01:55, 22 October 2024
See also: sabbath
English
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle English sabat, sabbat, sabath, from Old English sabat and Old French sabbat, both from Latin sabbatum, from Ancient Greek σάββατον (sábbaton, “Sabbath”), from Hebrew שַׁבָּת (shabát, “Sabbath”),[1][2] with the spelling ending in -th, probably influenced by the traditional transliteration of the Hebrew as shabbāth, being attested since the 14th century and widespread since the 16th.[3] Doublet of Shabbat. Possibly from the Sumerian sa-bat ("mid-rest")[4]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Sabbath (plural Sabbaths)
- Friday evening to Saturday evening, observed in Judaism and some Christian denominations (such as the Coptic Orthodox Church) as a day of rest and worship.
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Isaiah 58:13–14:
- 13 ¶ If thou turne away thy foote from the Sabbath, from doing thy pleasure on my Holy day, and call the Sabbath a delight, the holy of the Lord, honourable, and shalt honour him, not doing thine owne wayes, nor finding thine owne pleasure, nor speaking thine owne wordes:
14 Then shalt thou delight thy selfe in the Lord, and I will cause thee to ride vpon the high places of the earth, and feede thee with the heritage of Iacob thy father; for the mouth of the Lord hath spoken it.
- Sunday, observed in most of Christianity as a day of rest and worship.
- A meeting of witches. (Also called a witches' Sabbath, Shabbat, sabbat, or black Sabbath.)
- 1936, Rollo Ahmed, The Black Art, London: Long, page 112:
- Witches always anointed themselves with ointments before departing up the chimney to their Sabbaths. One such ointment was composed of Aconite, Belladonna, Water Parsley, Cinquefoil and Babies' Fat.
- 1971, Keith Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, Folio Society, published 2012, page 419:
- Around this conception was built up the notion of ritual devil-worship, involving the sabbath or nocturnal meeting at which the witches gathered to worship their master and to copulate with him.
- (historical) Among the ancient Jews and Hebrews, the seventh year, when the land was left fallow.
- Synonym: Sabbath year
- (Buddhism, Myanmar) uposatha day
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]- sabbat
- Sabbat
- sabbatarian
- Sabbatarian
- sabbatarianism
- Sabbatarianism
- sabbatic
- Sabbatic
- sabbatical
- Sabbatical
- sabbatically
- Sabbatically
- sabbatise
- Sabbatise
- Sabbatiser
- sabbatiser
- Sabbatism
- sabbatism
- Sabbatist
- sabbatist
- Sabbatistic
- sabbatistic
- sabbatistical
- Sabbatistical
- Sabbatize
- sabbatize
- sabbatizer
- Sabbatizer
- Shabbat
- shabbat
- shabbes
- Shabbes
- shabbos
- Shabbos
Translations
[edit]Saturday (Judaism, some denominations of Christianity)
|
Sunday (most denominations of Christianity)
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witches' Sabbath
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See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ “Sabbath”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
- ^ “Sabbath”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
- ^ Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “Sabbath”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
- ^ Pinches, T.G. (1919) “Sabbath (Babylonian)”, in Hastings, James, editor, Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics, Selbie, John A., contrib, Charles Scribner's Sons, pages 889–891
Anagrams
[edit]Categories:
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms inherited from Old English
- English terms derived from Old English
- English terms derived from Old French
- English terms derived from Latin
- English terms derived from Ancient Greek
- English terms derived from Hebrew
- English doublets
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms with quotations
- English terms with historical senses
- en:Buddhism
- Myanmar English
- English terms derived from the Bible
- en:Christianity
- en:Islam
- en:Judaism
- en:Religion
- en:Time