Burden of Proof in Environmental Disputes in the WTO: Legal Aspects

Henrik Horn and Petros C. Mavroidis
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Petros C. Mavroidis: Columbia Law School, Postal: New York

No 793, Working Paper Series from Research Institute of Industrial Economics

Abstract: This paper discusses allocation of burden of proof in environmental disputes in the WTO system. Besides laying down the natural principles that (i) the complainant carries the burden to (ii) make a prima facie case that its claim holds, WTO adjudicating bodies have said little of more general nature. The paper therefore examines the case law of relevance to environmental policies, to establish the rules concerning burden of proof that are likely to be applied in such disputes. Evaluating this case law, the paper makes two observations,: First, in cases submitted under the GATTWTO, adjudicating bodies have committed errors regarding the required amount of evidence (the burden of persuasion); and second, such errors, as well as errors concerning the determination of the party to carry the burden of providing this evidence (the burden of production), have been committed in disputes submitted under the TBT/SPS Agreements. These errors largely seem attributable to the general absence of methodology regarding the interpretation of some key substantive provisions featuring in the three Agreements.

Keywords: Burden of Proof; Burden of Production; Burden of Persuasion; WTO; Environment (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: F13 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 86 pages
Date: 2009-03-13
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-env and nep-reg
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (7)

Published in European Energy and Environmental Law Review , 2009, pages 1-1.

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:hhs:iuiwop:0793

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