Fiscal Consolidation Programs and Income Inequality

Pedro Brinca, Miguel H. Ferreira (), Francesco Franco (), Hans Holter and Laurence Malafry ()
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Miguel H. Ferreira: Nova School of Business and Economics, Universidade Nova de Lisboa
Francesco Franco: Nova School of Business and Economics, Universidade Nova de Lisboa
Laurence Malafry: Department of Economics, Stockholm University
Authors registered in the RePEc Author Service: Miguel H. Ferreira () and Miguel Homem Ferreira

No 2017-11, CeBER Working Papers from Centre for Business and Economics Research (CeBER), University of Coimbra

Abstract: Following the Great Recession, many European countries implemented fiscal consolidation policies aimed at reducing government debt. Using three independent data sources and three different empirical approaches, we document a strong positive relationship between higher income inequality and stronger recessive impacts of fiscal consolidation programs across time and place. To explain this finding, we develop a life-cycle, overlapping generations economy with uninsurable labor market risk. We calibrate our model to match key characteristics of a number of European economies, including the distribution of wages and wealth, social security, taxes and debt, and study the effects of fiscal consolidation programs. We find that higher income risk induces precautionary savings behavior, which decreases the proportion of credit-constrained agents in the economy. Credit-constrained agents have less elastic labor supply responses to fiscal consolidation achieved through either tax hikes or public spending cuts, and this explains the relationship between income inequality and the impact of fiscal consolidation programs. Our model produces a cross-country correlation between inequality and the fiscal consolidation multipliers, which is quite similar to that in the data.

Keywords: fiscal consolidation; income inequality; fiscal multipliers; public debt; income risk. (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: E21 E62 H31 H50 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 61 pages
Date: 2017-12
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-dge, nep-eec, nep-mac and nep-pbe
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (14)

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Related works:
Journal Article: FISCAL CONSOLIDATION PROGRAMS AND INCOME INEQUALITY (2021)
Working Paper: Fiscal Consolidation Programs and Income Inequality (2018)
Working Paper: Fiscal Consolidation Programs and Income Inequality* (2017)
Working Paper: Fiscal Consolidation Programs and Income Inequality (2017)
Working Paper: Fiscal Consolidation Programs and Income Inequality (2017)
Working Paper: Fiscal Consolidation Programs and Income Inequality (2017)
Working Paper: Fiscal consolidation programs and income inequality (2017)
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