Kazakhstan

Republic of Kazakhstan
Қазақстан Республикасы (Kazakh)
*Qazaqstan Respublikasy*
Республика Казахстан (Russian)
*Respublika Kazakhstan*
Republic of Kazakhstan Қазақстан Республикасы (Kazakh); Qazaqstan Respublikasy; Республика Казахстан (Russian); Respublika Kazakhstan;
	Flag Emblem
	Anthem: ; Менің Қазақстаным (Kazakh); Menıñ Qazaqstanym; "My Kazakhstan"
Capital	Astana; 51°10′N 71°26′E / 51.167°N 71.433°E
Largest city	Almaty; 43°16′39″N 76°53′45″E / 43.27750°N 76.89583°E
Boros rasmi	Kazakh; Russian;
Tinimungan etnik (2024)	71.0% Kazakh; 15.1% Russian; 3.3% Uzbek; 1.9% Ukrainian; 1.6% Uyghur; 1.1% German; 1% Tatar; 4.9% Others;
Ugama (2021)	69.3% Islam; 17.2% Christianity; 11.0% No response; 2.3% Atheism; 0.2% Others;
Demonim	Kazakh; Kazakhstani
Government	Unitary semi-presidential republic under an authoritarian government
• President	Kassym-Jomart Tokayev
• Prime Minister	Oljas Bektenov
Kotinanan perundangan	Parliament
• Upper house	Senate
• Lower house	Majilis
Formation
• Kazakh Khanate	1465
• Alash Autonomy	13 December 1917
• Kirghiz ASSR	26 August 1920
• Kazakh ASSR	19 June 1925
• Kazakh SSR	5 December 1936
• Declaration of sovereignty	25 October 1990
• Reconstituted as the Republic of Kazakhstan	10 December 1991
• Independence from the USSR	16 December 1991
• Recognised	26 December 1991
• Current constitution	30 August 1995
Area
• Total	2,724,900 km2 (1,052,100 sq mi) (9th)
• Waig (%)	1.7
Population
• 2024 estimate	20,075,271 (62nd)
• Density	7/km2 (18.1/sq mi) (236th)
GDP (PPP)	2024 estimate
• Total	$693.415 billion (41st)
• Per kapita	$34,534 (56th)
GDP (nominal)	2024 estimate
• Ginumu	$296.740 billion (49th)
• Per kapita	$14,778 (64th)
Gini (2018)	27.8; low
HDI (2022)	0.802; very high · 67th
Mato tusin	Tenge (₸) (KZT)
Zon timpu	UTC+5 (West / East)
Driving side	right
Kod ISO 3166	KZ
Internet TLD	.kz; .қаз;

Kazakhstan (Boros Kazakh : Qazaqstan, juga dalam tulisan Arab: قازاقستان‎ disebut [qɑzɑqˈstɑn] ; Rusia: Казахстан, tr. Kazakhstan, IPA: [kəzɐxˈstan]) toi ko' ngaran di poimbantug nopo nga Republik Kazakhstan (Bahasa Kazakh: Қазақстан Республикасы, tr. Qazaqstan Respublikasy; Rusia: Республика Казахстан, tr. Respublika Kazakhstan) nopo nga pogun aiso rahat di agayo, om pogun ko siam ii aagayo id pogun miampai ginayo 2,724,900 kilometer persegi (1,052,100 bt²). Kazakhstan nopo nga pogun di haro ekonomi tagayo id Asia Tenggara ii kaanu do 60% KDNK pogun di lolobi maya industri miyak om gas suai ko ogumu koonuan do mineral. Haro koboros do Kazakhstan sabaagi pogun Eropah tu kinoiyonon kotonobon Kazakhstan nopo nga id benua Eropah om nokogonop do kooturan Majli Eropah montok sumuang id Eropah.

Nuut

↑ "Kazakhstani" refers to all citizens of Kazakhstan, regardless of ethnicity.^[5]

Sukuon

↑ "Б-18-07-Г (англ) Т4". stat.gov.kz.
↑ Kazakhstan population by ethnic groups
↑ "2021 жылғы Қазақстан Республикасы халқының ұлттық санағының қорытындылары" [Results of the 2021 Population Census of the Republic of Kazakhstan] (id boros Kazakh). Agency of Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan National Bureau of Statistics. Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad ontok 2 Manom 2022. Linoyog ontok 19 Manom 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
↑ Viktorova, Polina (30 Milau 2022). "How the Number of Believers Changed in Kazakhstan". CABAR.asia. The Institute for War & Peace Reporting. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 3 Gumas 2023. Linoyog ontok 11 Gomot 2023.
↑ Schneider, Johann F.; Larsen, Knud S.; Krumov, Krum; Vazow, Grigorii (2013). [[[:Templat:GBurl]] Advances in International Psychology: Research Approaches and Personal Dispositions, Socialization Processes and Organizational Behavior] (id boros Inggeris). Kassel university press GmbH. p. 164. ISBN 978-3-86219-454-4. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 27 Mansak 2018. {{cite book}}: Check |url= value (help)
↑ "Frontline democracy and the battle for Ukraine". Democracy Index 2022. The Economist Intelligence Unit. 2023. p. 50. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 10 Mansak 2022. Linoyog ontok 21 Gumas 2023.
↑ "Official website of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan". Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 25 Mansak 2024. Linoyog ontok 18 Ngiop 2024.
↑ "Kazakhstan's population hits the mark of 20 mln" (id boros Inggeris). inform.kz. 16 Milau 2023. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 17 Milau 2023. Linoyog ontok 17 Milau 2023.
↑ ^9.0 ^9.1 ^9.2 ^9.3 "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2024 Edition. (Kazakhstan)". www.imf.org. International Monetary Fund. 16 Ngiop 2024. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 17 Ngiop 2024. Linoyog ontok 17 Ngiop 2024.
↑ "GINI index (World Bank estimate)". data.worldbank.org. World Bank. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 18 Mikat 2020. Linoyog ontok 25 Momuhau 2022.
↑ "Human Development Report 2023/24" (PDF) (id boros Inggeris). United Nations Development Programme. 13 Gomot 2024. Pinoopi (PDF) mantad sanḏad ontok 13 Gomot 2024. Linoyog ontok 13 Gomot 2024.

[6] "Kazakhstani" refers to all citizens of Kazakhstan, regardless of ethnicity.^[5]

[1] "Б-18-07-Г (англ) Т4". stat.gov.kz.

[2] Kazakhstan population by ethnic groups

[2021EthnicStatistics-3] "2021 жылғы Қазақстан Республикасы халқының ұлттық санағының қорытындылары" [Results of the 2021 Population Census of the Republic of Kazakhstan] (id boros Kazakh). Agency of Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan National Bureau of Statistics. Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad ontok 2 Manom 2022. Linoyog ontok 19 Manom 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)

[Viktorova-4] Viktorova, Polina (30 Milau 2022). "How the Number of Believers Changed in Kazakhstan". CABAR.asia. The Institute for War & Peace Reporting. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 3 Gumas 2023. Linoyog ontok 11 Gomot 2023.

[5] Schneider, Johann F.; Larsen, Knud S.; Krumov, Krum; Vazow, Grigorii (2013). [[[:Templat:GBurl]] Advances in International Psychology: Research Approaches and Personal Dispositions, Socialization Processes and Organizational Behavior] (id boros Inggeris). Kassel university press GmbH. p. 164. ISBN 978-3-86219-454-4. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 27 Mansak 2018. {{cite book}}: Check |url= value (help)

[7] "Frontline democracy and the battle for Ukraine". Democracy Index 2022. The Economist Intelligence Unit. 2023. p. 50. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 10 Mansak 2022. Linoyog ontok 21 Gumas 2023.

[8] "Official website of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan". Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 25 Mansak 2024. Linoyog ontok 18 Ngiop 2024.

[9] "Kazakhstan's population hits the mark of 20 mln" (id boros Inggeris). inform.kz. 16 Milau 2023. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 17 Milau 2023. Linoyog ontok 17 Milau 2023.

[IMFWEO.KZ-10] 9.0 ^9.1 ^9.2 ^9.3 "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2024 Edition. (Kazakhstan)". www.imf.org. International Monetary Fund. 16 Ngiop 2024. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 17 Ngiop 2024. Linoyog ontok 17 Ngiop 2024.

[WB1-11] "GINI index (World Bank estimate)". data.worldbank.org. World Bank. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 18 Mikat 2020. Linoyog ontok 25 Momuhau 2022.

[UNHDR-12] "Human Development Report 2023/24" (PDF) (id boros Inggeris). United Nations Development Programme. 13 Gomot 2024. Pinoopi (PDF) mantad sanḏad ontok 13 Gomot 2024. Linoyog ontok 13 Gomot 2024.

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