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{{Infokutija gen}}
'''[[Citokin]]ski [[ligand]] 5''' (C-X-C motiv)  jest [[protein]] koji je kod [[ljudi]] [[kodon|kodiran]] [[gen]]om  '''CXCL5''' ili  '''ENA78''' sa [[hromosom 4|hromosoma 4]].<ref name="pmid7929219">{{cite journal | vauthors = Chang MS, McNinch J, Basu R, Simonet S | title = Cloning and characterization of the human neutrophil-activating peptide (ENA-78) gene | journal = J Biol Chem | volume = 269 | issue = 41 | pages = 25277–82 |date=Nov 1994 | doi = 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)47243-2 | pmid = 7929219 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: CXCL5 chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 5| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=6374}}</ref>

==Aminokiselinska sekvenca==
Dužina [[polipeptid]]nog lanca je 114 [[aminokiselina]], а [[molekularna masa|molekulska težina]]  11.972 [[dalton (jedinica)|Da]].<ref name="UniProt">{{cite web|url=http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P42830#sequences |title=UniProt, P42830 |language=en |access-date=23. 10. 2021}}</ref>
{{legenda aminokiselina}}
<table  style="font-family:monospace;">
<tr style="text-align:right;"><th>10</th><th></th><th>20</th><th></th><th>30</th><th></th><th>40</th><th></th><th>50</th></tr>
<tr style="background-color: #eee;"><td>MSLLSSRAAR</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"></td><td>VPGPSSSLCA</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"></td><td>LLVLLLLLTQ</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"></td><td>PGPIASAGPA</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"></td><td>AAVLRELRCV</td></tr>
<tr style="background-color: #eee;"><td>CLQTTQGVHP</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"></td><td>KMISNLQVFA</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"></td><td>IGPQCSKVEV</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"></td><td>VASLKNGKEI</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"></td><td>CLDPEAPFLK</td></tr>
<tr style="background-color: #eee;"><td>KVIQKILDGG</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"></td><td>NKEN</td></tr>
</table>

== Funkcija ==

Protein kodiran ovim genom, CXCL5 je mali [[citokin]] u porodici CXC [[hemokin]]a koji je također poznat kao [[peptid]] 78 (ENA-78) za aktiviranje [[neutrofil]]a izvedenih iz [[epitel]]a. Proizvodi se nakon stimulacije ćelija upalnim citokinima [[interleukin|interleukinom-1]] ili [[faktor nekroze tumora-alfa|faktorom nekroze tumora-alfa]].<ref name="Chang_1994">{{cite journal | vauthors = Chang MS, McNinch J, Basu R, Simonet S | title = Cloning and characterization of the human neutrophil-activating peptide (ENA-78) gene | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 269 | issue = 41 | pages = 25277–82 | year = 1994 | doi = 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)47243-2 | pmid = 7929219 | doi-access = free }}</ref> [[ekspresija gena|Ekspresija]] CXCL5 je također uočena kod [[eozinofil]]a i može se inhibirati [[interferon]]skim tipom II [[Interferon gama|IFN-γ]].<ref name="Persson_2003">{{cite journal | vauthors = Persson T, Monsef N, Andersson P, Bjartell A, Malm J, Calafat J, Egesten A | title = Expression of the neutrophil-activating CXC chemokine ENA-78/CXCL5 by human eosinophils | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_clinical-and-experimental-allergy_2003-04_33_4/page/531 | journal = Clin. Exp. Allergy | volume = 33 | issue = 4 | pages = 531–7 | year = 2003 | pmid = 12680872 | doi = 10.1046/j.1365-2222.2003.01609.x | s2cid = 2449190 }}</ref> Ovaj hemokin stimulira [[hemotaksija|hemotaksiju]] neutrofila koji imaju  [[angiogen]]a svojstva. Izaziva ove efekte interakcijom sa ćelijskom površinom [[hemokinski receptor|hemokinskih receptora]] [[CXCR1]] i [[CXCR2]].<ref name = "Persson_2003"/> [[Gen]] za CXCL5 kodira četiri [[egzon]]a, a na [[hromosom 4|hromosomu 4]] nalazi se sa neloliko drugih hemokinskih gena.<ref name = "Chang_1994"/><ref name="pmid10343098">{{cite journal | vauthors = O'Donovan N, Galvin M, Morgan JG | title = Physical mapping of the CXC chemokine locus on human chromosome 4 | journal = Cytogenet. Cell Genet. | volume = 84 | issue = 1–2 | pages = 39–42 | year = 1999 | pmid = 10343098 | doi = 10.1159/000015209 | s2cid = 8087808 }}</ref> CXCL5 je uključen u remodeliranje [[vezivno tkivo|vezivnog tkiva]].<ref name = "Persson_2003"/> Također je opisan kao regulator [[homeostaza|homeostaze]] [[neutrofil]]a.<ref name = "Mei_2012">{{cite journal | vauthors = Mei J, Liu Y, Dai N, Hoffmann C, Hudock KM, Zhang P, Guttentag SH, Kolls JK, Oliver PM, Bushman FD, Worthen GS| title = Cxcr2 and Cxcl5 regulate the IL-17/G-CSF axis and neutrophil homeostasis in mice | journal = Journal of Clinical Investigation | volume = 122 | issue = 3 | pages = 974–986 | year = 2012 | pmid = 22326959| doi = 10.1172/JCI60588 | pmc=3287232}}</ref>

== Klinički značaj ==

CXCL5 igra ulogu u smanjenju osjetljivosti na [[opekotina|bol od opekotina]] kod nekih osoba i predstavlja "potencijalni cilj koji se može koristiti za razumijevanje više o boli kod drugih [[Upala|upalnih stanja]] kao što su [[artritis]] i [[cistitis]].<ref name="pmid21734176">{{cite journal | vauthors = Dawes JM, Calvo M, Perkins JR, Paterson KJ, Kiesewetter H, Hobbs C, Kaan TK, Orengo C, Bennett DL, McMahon SB | title = CXCL5 Mediates UVB Irradiation-Induced Pain | journal = Sci Transl Med | volume = 3 | issue = 90 | pages = 90ra60 |date=juli 2011 | pmid = 21734176 | doi = 10.1126/scitranslmed.3002193 | lay-url = http://www.fiercebiotechresearch.com/story/sunburn-pain-discovery-could-lead-better-arthritis-treatments/2011-07-11 | lay-source = FierceBiotech | pmc=3232447}}</ref> Poznato je da CXCL5 ima [[hemotaksija|hemotaksijske]] i aktivirajuće funkcije na [[neutrofil]]e, uglavnom tokom akutnih upalnih odgovora. Međutim, ekspresija CXCL5 je također veća u [[ateroskleroza|aterosklerozi]] (hronično upalno stanje), ali nije povezana s infiltracijom neutrofila. Umjesto toga, CXCL5 ima zaštitnu ulogu u aterosklerozi ,direktno kontrolirajući stvaranje [[makrofag]]a [[pjenaste ćelije]].<ref name = "Rousselle_2013">{{cite journal | vauthors = Rousselle A, Qadri F, Leukel L, Yilmaz R, Fontaine JF, Sihn G, Bader M, Ahluwalia A, Duchene J| title = CXCL5 limits macrophage foam cell formation in atherosclerosis. | journal = Journal of Clinical Investigation | volume = 123 | issue = 3 | pages = 1343–7 | year = 2013 | pmid = 23376791 | doi = 10.1172/JCI66580 | pmc=3582141}}</ref>

==Reference==
{{Reflist|2}}

==Dopunska literatura==
{{refbegin }}
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*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Walz A, Schmutz P, Mueller C, Schnyder-Candrian S |title=Regulation and function of the CXC chemokine ENA-78 in monocytes and its role in disease |journal=J. Leukoc. Biol. |volume=62 |issue= 5 |pages= 604–11 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9365115 |doi=  10.1002/jlb.62.5.604|s2cid=20141618 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Struyf S, Proost P, Van Damme J |title=Regulation of the immune response by the interaction of chemokines and proteases |journal=Adv. Immunol. |volume=81 |pages= 1–44 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14711052 |doi=10.1016/S0065-2776(03)81001-5  | series=Advances in Immunology  | isbn=978-0-12-022481-4  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Walz A, Burgener R, Car B |title=Structure and neutrophil-activating properties of a novel inflammatory peptide (ENA-78) with homology to interleukin 8 |journal=J. Exp. Med. |volume=174 |issue= 6 |pages= 1355–62 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1744577 |doi=10.1084/jem.174.6.1355  | pmc=2119025  |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Power CA, Furness RB, Brawand C, Wells TN |title=Cloning of a full-length cDNA encoding the neutrophil-activating peptide ENA-78 from human platelets |journal=Gene |volume=151 |issue= 1–2 |pages= 333–4 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7828901 |doi=10.1016/0378-1119(94)90682-3  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Corbett MS, Schmitt I, Riess O, Walz A |title=Characterization of the gene for human neutrophil-activating peptide 78 (ENA-78) |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=205 |issue= 1 |pages= 612–7 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7999089 |doi= 10.1006/bbrc.1994.2709 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Koch AE, Kunkel SL, Harlow LA |title=Epithelial neutrophil activating peptide-78: a novel chemotactic cytokine for neutrophils in arthritis |journal=J. Clin. Invest. |volume=94 |issue= 3 |pages= 1012–8 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8083342 |doi=10.1172/JCI117414  | pmc=295150  |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Power CA, Clemetson JM, Clemetson KJ, Wells TN |title=Chemokine and chemokine receptor mRNA expression in human platelets |journal=Cytokine |volume=7 |issue= 6 |pages= 479–82 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8580362 |doi= 10.1006/cyto.1995.0065 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Ahuja SK, Murphy PM |title=The CXC chemokines growth-regulated oncogene (GRO) alpha, GRObeta, GROgamma, neutrophil-activating peptide-2, and epithelial cell-derived neutrophil-activating peptide-78 are potent agonists for the type B, but not the type A, human interleukin-8 receptor |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=271 |issue= 34 |pages= 20545–50 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8702798 |doi=10.1074/jbc.271.34.20545  |doi-access=free }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Keates S, Keates AC, Mizoguchi E |title=Enterocytes are the primary source of the chemokine ENA-78 in normal colon and ulcerative colitis |journal=Am. J. Physiol. |volume=273 |issue= 1 Pt 1 |pages= G75–82 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9252512 |doi=  10.1152/ajpgi.1997.273.1.G75|display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Wuyts A, Proost P, Lenaerts JP |title=Differential usage of the CXC chemokine receptors 1 and 2 by interleukin-8, granulocyte chemotactic protein-2 and epithelial-cell-derived neutrophil attractant-78 |journal=Eur. J. Biochem. |volume=255 |issue= 1 |pages= 67–73 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9692902 |doi=10.1046/j.1432-1327.1998.2550067.x  |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Wyrick PB, Knight ST, Paul TR |title=Persistent chlamydial envelope antigens in antibiotic-exposed infected cells trigger neutrophil chemotaxis |journal=J. Infect. Dis. |volume=179 |issue= 4 |pages= 954–66 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10068592 |doi=10.1086/314676  |display-authors=etal|doi-access=free }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Wuyts A, Govaerts C, Struyf S |title=Isolation of the CXC chemokines ENA-78, GRO alpha and GRO gamma from tumor cells and leukocytes reveals NH2-terminal heterogeneity. Functional comparison of different natural isoforms |journal=Eur. J. Biochem. |volume=260 |issue= 2 |pages= 421–9 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10095777 |doi=10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00166.x  |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Hogaboam CM, Bone-Larson CL, Steinhauser ML |title=Novel CXCR2-dependent liver regenerative qualities of ELR-containing CXC chemokines | url=https://archive.org/details/sim_faseb-journal_1999-09_13_12/page/1565 |journal=FASEB J. |volume=13 |issue= 12 |pages= 1565–74 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10463948 |doi=  10.1096/fasebj.13.12.1565|hdl=2027.42/154508 |s2cid=7043800 |display-authors=etal|hdl-access=free }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Luu NT, Rainger GE, Nash GB |title=Differential ability of exogenous chemotactic agents to disrupt transendothelial migration of flowing neutrophils |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=164 |issue= 11 |pages= 5961–9 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10820279 |doi=  10.4049/jimmunol.164.11.5961|doi-access=free }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Crane IJ, Wallace CA, McKillop-Smith S, Forrester JV |title=Control of chemokine production at the blood–retina barrier |journal=Immunology |volume=101 |issue= 3 |pages= 426–33 |year= 2000 |pmid= 11106948 |doi=10.1046/j.0019-2805.2000.01105.x  | pmc=2327097  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Zhang C, Thornton MA, Kowalska MA |title=Localization of distal regulatory domains in the megakaryocyte-specific platelet basic protein/platelet factor 4 gene locus |journal=Blood |volume=98 |issue= 3 |pages= 610–7 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11468158 |doi=10.1182/blood.V98.3.610  |display-authors=etal|doi-access=free }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Chandrasekar B, Melby PC, Sarau HM |title=Chemokine-cytokine cross-talk. The ELR+ CXC chemokine LIX (CXCL5) amplifies a proinflammatory cytokine response via a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-NF-kappa B pathway |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=278 |issue= 7 |pages= 4675–86 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12468547 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M207006200 |display-authors=etal|doi-access=free }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899  | pmc=139241 |display-authors=etal|doi-access=free }}
{{refend}}

==Vanjski linkovi==
* {{UCSC gene info|CXCL5}}
{{Hemokini}}
{{Modulatori hemokinskih receptora}}

[[Kategorija:Citokini]]
[[Kategorija:Geni na hromosomu 4]]
[[Kategorija:Ljudski proteini]]
[[Kategorija:Proteomika]]

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Nazad na CXCL5.

Preuzeto iz "https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/CXCL5"