Rajas
An Rajas (Sanskrito: रजस्) saro sa tolong eskwelahan na Guṇas (tendensiya, kalidad, atribusyon), sarong pilosopikal asin sikolohikong konsepto na pinaurog kan Samkhya eskwelahan kan pilosopiyang Hindu.[1][2] An duwa pang kalidad iyo an Sattva (karahayan, balanse) asin Tamas (lethargy, kadahasan, kariribokan). An Rajas natural na tendensiya o kalidad na nagtutulod nin paghiro, kosog asin aktibidad.[3][4]
An Rajas kun minsan pigpalis na pasyon, kun saen iyan ginagamit sa sentido nin aktibidad, na mayo nin ano man na partikular na halaga asin sa konteksto iyan kapwa marahay o maraot.[1][2] An Rajas nagtatabang tanganing maaktwalisar an duwa pang gunas.[5][6]
Paglaladawan
[baguhon | baguhon an source]Sa pilosopiyang Samkhya, an guṇa iyo an saro sa tulong "tendensiya, kalidad": sattva, rajas asin tamas. An kategoryang ini nin kalidad mahiwas na inadaptar kan manlaenlaen na eskwelahan nin Hinduismo para sa pagkategorya nin gawe asin natural na ngangalasan. An tulong kalidad iyo an:
- Sattva iyo an kalidad kan balanse, harmonya, karahayan, kadalisayan, paggibong unibersal, holistic, construktibo, malinalang, pagtugdok, positibong atitude, luminous, serenity, being-ness, matoninong, virtuous.[4][7][8]
- Rajas iyo an kalidad kan pasyon, aktibidad, bakong marhay o maraot asin minsan iyo, self-centeredness, egoistiko, individualizing, driven, moving, dinamiko.[9][10]
- Tamas iyo an kalidad kan bakong balanse, kawàran nin kaayosan, kariribokan, kapurisawan, bakong dalisay, destructive, delusyon, negatibo, dull o bakong aktibo, apathy, inertia o lethargy, marahas, vicious, ignorante.[11]
Sa pilosopiyang Indyano, an mga kalidad na ini dai kinokonsiderar bilang presente sa either-or fashion. Imbes, an gabos na tawo asin gabos bagay igwa kan tulong iyan, alagad sa manlaenlaen na proporsyon sana asin sa manlaenlaen na konteksto.[12] Hinihiling an nabubuhay na linalang o sustansya bilang resulta kan pinagsaralak na epekto kaining tulong kalidad.[12][9]
Segun sa eskwelahan kan Samkhya, mayo nin siisay man asin mayo nin anuman an either purely sattvik o purely rajasik o purely tamasik.[9] Komplikadong sinaralak kaiyan an naturalesa asin gawe nin sarong tawo, na an lambang guna sa nagkakalaen na grado. Sa iba, an conduct iyo an rajasik na igwa nin signipikanteng impluwensiya kan sattvik guna, sa iba kan saiyang rajasik na igwa nin signipikanteng impluwensiya kan tamasik guna, asin iba pa.[9]
Hilingon man
[baguhon | baguhon an source]- Samkhyakarika (bersikulo 12 sundo 14 tinutukar an Sattva, Rajas asin Tamas)
Toltolan
[baguhon | baguhon an source]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Gerald James Larson (2001). Classical Sāṃkhya: An Interpretation of Its History and Meaning. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 10–18, 49, 163. ISBN 978-81-208-0503-3.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 James G. Lochtefeld, Rajas, in The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: A-M, Vol. 2, Rosen Publishing, ISBN 9780823931798, pages 546-547
- ↑ Gerald James Larson (2001). Classical Sāṃkhya: An Interpretation of Its History and Meaning. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 244. ISBN 978-81-208-0503-3.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Ian Whicher (1998), The Integrity of the Yoga Darśana, State University of New York Press, pages 86-87, 124-125, 163-167, 238-243
- ↑ Autobiography Of A Yogi, Paramahansa Yogananda, Self Realization Fellowship, 1973, p. 22
- ↑ Maharishi Mahesh Yogi on the Bhagavad Gita Translation and Commentary, Arkana, 1990 p. 236
- ↑ Alter, Joseph S., Yoga in modern India, 2004 Princeton University Press, p. 55
- ↑ Mikel Burley (2007). Classical Samkhya and Yoga: An Indian Metaphysics of Experience. Routledge. pp. 101–105, 120–122, 167, 185. ISBN 978-1134159789.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Alban Widgery (1930), "The principles of Hindu Ethics", International Journal of Ethics, Vol. 40, No. 2, pp. 234–237
- ↑ Ian Whicher (1998), The Integrity of the Yoga Darśana, State University of New York Press, pp. 63, 124–129, 138, 188–190
- ↑ Ian Whicher (1998), The Integrity of the Yoga Darśana, State University of New York Press, pp. 63, 110–112, 124–126, 163, 188
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 James G. Lochtefeld, "Sattva", in The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: A–M, Vol. 2, Rosen Publishing, ISBN 978-0823931798, p. 265
