لتونی

لتونی جمهوریتی
*Latvijas Republika* (لاتیش)
*Latvejas Republika* (لاتقالی)
*Lețmō Vabāmō* (Livonian)
لتونی جمهوریتی Latvijas Republika (لاتیش); Latvejas Republika (لاتقالی); Lețmō Vabāmō (Livonian);
	بایراق میلی نیشان
	میلی مارش: Dievs, svētī Latviju! (لاتیش); ("God Bless Latvia!")شابلون:Parabr
	لتونی یئری نقشه اوستونده (dark green) – in اوروپا (green & dark grey); – in the اوروپا بیرلیگی (green) – [Legend]
پایتخت و بؤیوک شهری	ریقا; 56°57′N 24°6′E / 56.950°N 24.100°E
رسمی دیللر	لاتیشa
Recognized languages	لیوون; لاتقالی
اتنیک قروپلار (2022)	63.0% لاتیش‌لار; 24.2% Russians; 3.1% Belarusians; 2.2% اوکراینالی‌لار; 1.9% Poles; 1.1% لیتوان‌لار; 0.3% Roma; 0.2% Jews; 4% Others / ; Unspecified;
دین (2018)	64% مسیحیت; • 36% Lutheranism; • 17% Catholicism; • 9% Orthodoxy; • 2% Other Christian; 35% No religion; 1% Others;
دمونیم(لر)	Latvian
دؤولت	Unitary parliamentary republic
• President	Egils Levits
• Prime Minister	Krišjānis Kariņš
• Speaker of the Saeima	Edvards Smiltēns
قانون اوقانی	Saeima
Independence from Germany and the شوروی
• Declared	18 November 1918
• Recognised	26 January 1921
• Constitution adopted	7 November 1922
• Restored after Soviet occupation	21 August 1991
• Joined the EU	1 May 2004
اراضی
• جمعی	لوآ خطاسیماژول:Convert-ین 1851-جی/جو خطینده: attempt to index local 'en_value' (a nil value). (122nd)
• سو (%)	2.09 (2015)
جمعیت
• 2022 تخمینی	1,842,226 (153rd)
• سیخیلیق	لوآ خطاسیماژول:Convert-ین 1851-جی/جو خطینده: attempt to index local 'en_value' (a nil value). (147th)
جی‌دی‌پی (PPP)	2022 تخمینی
• جمعی	$72.03billion (105th)
• آدام‌باشی	$38,124 (48th)
جی‌دی‌پی (نامینل)	2022 تخمینی
• جمعی	$40.588 billion (100th)
• آدام‌باشی	$21,482 (44th)
جینی (2021)	35.7; اورتا
اچ‌دی‌آی (2021)	0.863; چوخ‌یوخاری · 39th
پول واحیدی	یورو (€) (EUR)
چاغ بؤلگه‌سی	UTC+2 (EET)
• یای (دی‌اس‌تی)	UTC+3 (EEST)
تاریخ فورمتی	dd/mm/yyyy
سوروجولوک طرفی	right
تیلفون کودو	+371
ایزو ۳۱۶۶ کودو	LV
اینترنت ال‌تی‌دی	.lvc
	Latvian is the sole official language. Livonian is considered an indigenous language and has special legal status. Latgalian written language and Latvian Sign Language also have special legal status.; Latvia is de jure continuous with its declaration of 18 November 1918.; The .eu domain is also used, as it is shared with other اوروپا بیرلیگی member states.;

موختصات: 57°N 25°E / 57°N 25°E / 57; 25

لتونی یا دا رسمی آدیلا لتونی جمهوریتی اوروپانین قوزئی دوغوسوندا و ایستونی نین گۆنئینده یئرلشن بیر اوْلکه دیر.ریقا لتونینیٛن پایتختیٛ و بالتیکیانیٛ اؤلکلرده ان بؤیۆک شهر.

نوتلار

قایناقلار

^ Social Statistics Department of Latvia. Pastāvīgo iedzīvotāju etniskais sastāvs reģionos un republikas pilsētās gada sākumā.
^ Latvia.
^ قایناق خطاسی برچسب <ref> نامعتبر؛ متنی برای ارجاع‌های با نام Germanis وارد نشده است
^ قایناق خطاسی برچسب <ref> نامعتبر؛ متنی برای ارجاع‌های با نام FINemb وارد نشده است
^ Surface water and surface water change. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).
^ شابلون:Cite CIA World Factbook
^ ^۷٫۰ ^۷٫۱ ^۷٫۲ ^۷٫۳ World Economic Outlook Database, October 2022. اولوسلارآراسی پول صاندیغی (October 2022).
^ Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income. Eurostat.
^ Human Development Report 2021/2022 (en). United Nations Development Programme (September 8, 2022).
^ The Constitution of the Republic of Latvia, Chapter 1 (Article 4). The Parliament of the Republic of Latvia. آرشیولنیب اصلی نۆسخه‌دن on 2013-12-05. یوْخلانیلیب2023-02-17.
^ Official Language Law, Section 3 (Article 1). The Parliament of the Republic of Latvia. آرشیولنیب اصلی نۆسخه‌دن on 2014-01-04. یوْخلانیلیب2023-02-17.
^ Official Language Law, Sections 4, 5 and 18 (Article 4). Likumi.lv.
^ Official Language Law, Section 3 (Articles 3 and 4). The Parliament of the Republic of Latvia. آرشیولنیب اصلی نۆسخه‌دن on 2014-01-04. یوْخلانیلیب2023-02-17.

کیتاب

لتونی

Arveds, Švābe (1949). The Story of Latvia: A Historical Survey. Stockholm: Latvian National Foundation. OCLC 2961684.
Bleiere, Daina; and Ilgvars Butulis; Antonijs Zunda; Aivars Stranga; Inesis Feldmanis (2006). History of Latvia: the 20th century. Rīga: Jumava. ISBN 9984-38-038-6. OCLC 70240317.
Cimdiņa, Ausma; Deniss Hanovs, eds. (2011). Latvia and Latvians: A People and a State in Ideas, Images and Symbols. Rīga: Zinātne Publishers. ISBN 978-9984-808-83-3.
Dreifelds, Juris (1996). Latvia in Transition. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-55537-1.
Dzenovska, Dace. School of Europeanness: Tolerance and other lessons in political liberalism in Latvia (Cornell University Press, 2018).
Ģērmanis, Uldis (2007). The Latvian Saga. Rīga: Atēna. ISBN 978-9984-34-291-7.
Hazans, Mihails. "Emigration from Latvia: Recent trends and economic impact." in Coping with emigration in Baltic and East European countries (2013) pp: 65–110. online
Lumans, Valdis O. (2006). Latvia in World War II. Fordham University Press. ISBN 0-8232-2627-1.
شابلون:Cite EB1922
Plakans, Andrejs (1998). Historical Dictionary of Latvia (2nd ed.). Lanham: The Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-5515-1.
Plakans, Andrejs (2010). The A to Z of Latvia. Lanham: The Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7209-7.
Plakans, Andrejs (1995). The Latvians: A Short History. Stanford: Hoover Institution Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-9302-3.
Pabriks, Artis, and Aldis Purs. Latvia: the challenges of change (Routledge, 2013).
Rutkis, Jānis, ed. (1967). Latvia: Country & People. Stockholm: Latvian National Foundation. OCLC 457313.
Turlajs, Jānis (2012). Latvijas vēstures atlants. Rīga: Karšu izdevniecība Jāņa sēta. ISBN 978-9984-07-614-0.

بالتیک ایالتلر

Auers, Daunis. Comparative politics and government of the Baltic States: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania in the 21st century (Springer, 2015).
Bojtár, Endre (1999). Forward to the Past – A Cultural History of the Baltic People. Budapest: Central European University Press. ISBN 978-963-9116-42-9.
Hiden, John; Patrick Salmon (1991). The Baltic Nations and Europe: Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania in the Twentieth Century. London: Longman. ISBN 0-582-08246-3.
Hiden, John; Vahur Made; David J. Smith (2008). The Baltic Question during the Cold War. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-56934-7.
Kasekamp, Andres (2010). A History of the Baltic States. London: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-230-01940-9.
Jacobsson, Bengt (2009). The European Union and the Baltic States: Changing forms of governance. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-48276-9.
Lane, Thomas, et al. The Baltic States: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania (Routledge, 2013).
Lehti, Marko; David J. Smith, eds. (2003). Post-Cold War Identity Politics – Northern and Baltic Experiences. London/Portland: Frank Cass Publishers. ISBN 0-7146-8351-5.
Lieven, Anatol (1994). The Baltic Revolution: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and the Path to Independence (2nd ed.). New Haven/London: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-05552-8.
Naylor, Aliide (2020). The Shadow in the East: Vladimir Putin and the New Baltic Front. London: Bloomsbury Academic. ISBN 9781788312523.
Plakans, Andrejs (2011). A Concise History of the Baltic States. Cambridge: Cambridge UP. ISBN 978-0-521-54155-8.
Smith, Graham, ed. (1994). The Baltic States: The National Self-determination of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-12060-5.
Steen, Anton. Between past and future: elites, democracy and the state in post-communist countries: a comparison of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania (Routledge, 2019).
Williams, Nicola; Debra Herrmann; Cathryn Kemp (2003). Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania (3rd ed.). London: Lonely Planet. ISBN 1-74059-132-1.

روسیه

Cheskin, Ammon. "Exploring Russian-speaking identity from below: The case of Latvia." Journal of Baltic Studies 44.3 (2013): 287–312. online Archived 25 June 2021 at the Wayback Machine.
Cheskin, Ammon. Russian-Speakers in Post-Soviet Latvia: Discursive Identity Strategies (Edinburgh University Press, 2016).
Commercio, Michele E. (2010). Russian Minority Politics in Post-Soviet Latvia and Kyrgyzstan: The Transformative Power of Informal Networks. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 978-0-8122-4221-8.
Šleivyte, Janina (2010). Russia's European Agenda and the Baltic States. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-55400-8.

ائشیک باغلانتیلار

دؤولت

عومومی معلومات

Latvia Online
European Union country profile
Britannica Online Encyclopedia
BBC News country profile
Latvia. The World Factbook. مرکزی ایطلاعات تشکیلاتی.
Latvia from UCB Libraries GovPubs
لتونی Curlie دا
Key Development Forecasts for Latvia from International Futures

مدنیت

سیاحت

Official Latvian Tourism Portal

نقشه‌لر

Wikimedia Atlas of Latvia
لتونی جوغرافیا داده‌لری اوپن‌استریت‌مپ ده

[nat-1] Social Statistics Department of Latvia. Pastāvīgo iedzīvotāju etniskais sastāvs reģionos un republikas pilsētās gada sākumā.

[2] Latvia.

[Germanis-3] قایناق خطاسی برچسب <ref> نامعتبر؛ متنی برای ارجاع‌های با نام Germanis وارد نشده است

[FINemb-4] قایناق خطاسی برچسب <ref> نامعتبر؛ متنی برای ارجاع‌های با نام FINemb وارد نشده است

[5] Surface water and surface water change. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).

[6] شابلون:Cite CIA World Factbook

[wb-7] ۷٫۰ ^۷٫۱ ^۷٫۲ ^۷٫۳ World Economic Outlook Database, October 2022. اولوسلارآراسی پول صاندیغی (October 2022).

[eurogini-8] Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income. Eurostat.

[UNHDR-9] Human Development Report 2021/2022 (en). United Nations Development Programme (September 8, 2022).

[10] The Constitution of the Republic of Latvia, Chapter 1 (Article 4). The Parliament of the Republic of Latvia. آرشیولنیب اصلی نۆسخه‌دن on 2013-12-05. یوْخلانیلیب2023-02-17.

[11] Official Language Law, Section 3 (Article 1). The Parliament of the Republic of Latvia. آرشیولنیب اصلی نۆسخه‌دن on 2014-01-04. یوْخلانیلیب2023-02-17.

[12] Official Language Law, Sections 4, 5 and 18 (Article 4). Likumi.lv.

[13] Official Language Law, Section 3 (Articles 3 and 4). The Parliament of the Republic of Latvia. آرشیولنیب اصلی نۆسخه‌دن on 2014-01-04. یوْخلانیلیب2023-02-17.

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صلاحیت کونترولو
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