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'''Huz Gyah''' (Sawgun:胡佳; 1873 nienz 7 nyied 25 hauh seng youq Baekging), Cunghvaz Yinzminz Gunghozgoz seivei hozdunggya. De hawj Cunghgoz minzcuj yindung, seiqhenz baujhoq yindung, ganggiz AIDS dengj guh haujlai hung lo. Huz Gyah dwg [[June Fourth Heritage & Culture Association]] cujsiz, Baekging Aizhixing yezvei ciuqguh cujyin. De lij gya haeuj bauj canglingzyiengz gij hung.<ref name="france">{{cite web | url=http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5hjjR12Btx5NFrFYBiVC44m59MNEw | title=Paris makes Dalai Lama, Chinese dissident honorary citizens | date=21 April 2008 | publisher=[[Agence France-Presse]] | accessdate=2008-10-24 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080427155250/http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5hjjR12Btx5NFrFYBiVC44m59MNEw | archivedate=2008-04-27 | dead-url=yes }}</ref> Youq 2008 nienz 12 nyied ndaej SSaharov ciengj.<ref name="sakharov"/>

On December 27, 2007, Hu was detained as part of a crackdown on dissents during the Christmas holiday season. [[Reporters Without Borders]] said that “The [[political police]] have taken advantage of the international community’s focus on Pakistan to arrest one of the foremost representatives of the peaceful struggle for free expression in China.”<ref name="kahn"/>  The decision to take him into custody was made after peasant leaders in several Chinese provinces issued a manifesto demanding broader land rights for [[Poverty in China#Land policy and corruption|peasants whose property had been confiscated for development]].<ref name="kahn"/> On April 3, 2008, he was sentenced to 3.5 years in jail. Hu pleaded not guilty on charges of "inciting subversion of state power" at his trial in March 2008.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/asiapcf/04/02/china.activist.sentenced.ap/index.html | publisher=[[CNN]] | title=Chinese civil rights activist sentenced for subversion | date=3 April 2008 | accessdate=2008-10-24 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20080527021911/http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/asiapcf/04/02/china.activist.sentenced.ap/index.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 2008-05-27}}</ref> He was released at 2:30 am (Beijing time) on Sunday, June 26th, 2011. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-13917882|title=Prominent Chinese dissident Hu Jia freed - wife|accessdate=June 26, 2011 | work=BBC News|date=26 June 2011}}</ref>

==Biography==
<!-- Image with unknown copyright status removed: [[Image:Hujia.jpg|right|Hu Jia]] -->
Hu's parents were students at Tsinghua University in Beijing and Nankai University in Tianjin in 1957 when they were labeled as rightists during the [[Anti-Rightist Movement]] under Mao Zedong.{{cn|date=June 2011}} They were assigned to work in remote provinces of Hebei, Gansu, and Hunan. His parents often had to live apart until 1978, when Deng Xiaoping came to power and political label held against them was dropped.

In 1996 Hu graduated from the Beijing School of Economics (now [[Capital University of Economics and Trade]], 首都经济贸易大学), where he majored in information engineering.

In January 2006 Hu married [[Zeng Jinyan]], with whom he has an infant daughter, and who was included in ''Time'' magazine's 100 Heroes and Pioneers for her blogging<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.time.com/time/specials/2007/time100/article/0,28804,1595326_1615754_1616169,00.html/ | title=Zeng Jinyan - The TIME 100 | publisher=[[TIME Magazine]] |date= 14 May 2007 | accessdate=2008-10-24 | date=2007-05-03|archiveurl=https://archive.is/wGRP|archivedate=2012-09-19}}</ref> after his arrest in February 2008 for voicing his indignation at China as the host of the 2008 Summer Olympics. Both his wife and daughter were held in house arrest and harassed by the [[Ministry of State Security of the People's Republic of China|Ministry of State Security]], and eventually disappeared one day before the opening ceremony of the Olympics in Beijing.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2008/08/09/asia/AS-China-Human-Rights.php/ | title=Chinese rights activist Zeng Jinyan disappears | publisher=[[International Herald Tribune]] | date=9 August 2008 | accessdate=2008-10-24 | author=[[Associated Press]] | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121011060944/http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2008/08/09/asia/AS-China-Human-Rights.php/ | archivedate=2012-10-11 | dead-url=no }}</ref>

Hu is a [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] of the [[Tibetan Buddhism|Tibetan tradition]].<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2007/may/22/china.features11 | title=Enemy of the State | date=22 May 2007 | accessdate=2008-10-24 | publisher=[[The Guardian]] | location=London}}</ref>

== Activism ==
{{BLP sources section|date=October 2008}}
Hu became interested in environmental issues while in university and participated in several environmental organizations including the [[Friends of Nature (China)|Friends of Nature]], led by [[Liang Congjie]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Chinese Environmentalist Liang Congjie On NGO Life |url=http://www.usembassy-china.org.cn/sandt/liangNGO.htm |access-date=2003-10-04 |archive-date=2003-10-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031004132925/http://www.usembassy-china.org.cn/sandt/liangNGO.htm |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.china.org.cn/english/MATERIAL/158625.htm | title=The Soul of China's Environmental NGOs | publisher=[[China Internet Information Center]] | date=20 February 2006 | author=Zhang Tingting | accessdate=2008-10-24}}</ref> and the 1997 Green Camp university student environmental camp led by [[Tang Xiyang]].<ref>{{Cite web |title="Tang Xiyang Writes About 1996 Green Camp and the Loss of His Wife" |url=http://www.usembassy-china.org.cn/sandt/tang2.htm |access-date=2002-03-27 |archive-date=2002-03-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020327093834/http://www.usembassy-china.org.cn/sandt/tang2.htm |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=A Section Censored from Tang Xiyang's Environmental Book "A Green World Tour" |url=http://www.usembassy-china.org.cn/sandt/tangcensor.html |access-date=2002-03-20 |archive-date=2002-03-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020320051349/http://www.usembassy-china.org.cn/sandt/tangcensor.html |dead-url=no }}</ref> In 1998 Hu Jia was involved in rescuing some wild elk that were threatened by severe flooding that year. Hu was subsequently involved in efforts to protect the Tibetan Antelope that were being slaughtered for their fur.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/hu-jia-chinas-enemy-within-804589.html | location=London | work=The Independent | title=Hu Jia: China's enemy within | date=4 April 2008}}</ref>

In July 2000, the writer [[Wang Lixiong]] introduced Hu to AIDS activist [[Wan Yanhai]].{{Citation needed|date=October 2008}} Afterwards Hu Jia became involved in AIDS prevention work and took an active part in the AIZIBING Institute of Health Education AIDS, which Wan Yanhai had founded.{{Citation needed|date=October 2008}}  As one of the founders [[Loving Source]] a [[non-governmental organization]] and advocacy group for individuals with AIDS, Hu Jia has been involved in helping people suffering from AIDS and AIDS orphans in [[Henan]] province. He has criticized the government over its treatment of people with AIDS.{{Citation needed|date=October 2008}}  According to [[Amnesty International]], Hu has since resigned from Loving Source to prevent the authorities from harassing the group.

Hu has also been involved in campaigns to release [[political prisoner]]s, including Wan Yanhai in August–September 2002 and the [[cyber-dissident]] [[Liu Di]] ("The Stainless Steel Rat").{{Citation needed|date=October 2008}} In 2003, Hu Jia lodged a letter of complaint to the European Court of Human Rights over German Chancellor [[Gerhard Schroeder]]'s refusal to meet with the [[Dalai Lama]].{{Citation needed|date=October 2008}}  In 2005 he participated in [[2005 anti-Japanese demonstrations|anti-Japanese demonstrations]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2005/05/05/international/asia/05china.html|title=Chinese Police Head Off Anti-Japan Protests |last=Yardley|first=Jim|date=May 5, 2005|publisher=''[[The New York Times]]''}}</ref>

Hu insists on his rights as a citizen of the People's Republic in China. When [[Public security bureau|police]] detain him (often for planned activities and sometimes to ensure that he is not active at sensitive times such as June 4, the  [[anniversary]] of the [[Tiananmen Square protests of 1989]]) Hu demands that the police state what provision of [[Law of the People's Republic of China|Chinese law]] he is being held under. Hu says that the security officers are generally unable to do so.{{Citation needed|date=October 2008}}

In 2006, Beijing Zhiaixing Information Counseling Center (formerly called Aizhixing Institute of Health Education), a human rights advocacy group with which Hu was affiliated,{{Citation needed|date=October 2008}} received combined grant of $179,113 from [[National Endowment for Democracy]] and [[US State Department]] for conducting programs within China.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.ned.org/grants/06programs/grants-asia06.html#china | work=Grants Program -Asia | title=China section | year=2006 | accessdate=2008-10-24 | publisher=[[National Endowment for Democracy]] | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080509025436/http://www.ned.org/grants/06programs/grants-asia06.html#china | archivedate=2008-05-09 | dead-url=yes }} Item 10.</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=China Human Rights and Rule of Law Update | url=http://www.cecc.gov/pages/general/newsletters/CECCnewsletter20061208.pdf | format=PDF | page=8 | accessdate=2008-10-27 | publisher=[[Congressional-Executive Commission on China]] | archive-date=2007-12-26 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071226201657/http://www.cecc.gov/pages/general/newsletters/CECCnewsletter20061208.pdf | dead-url=yes }}</ref>

On February 16, 2006, Hu was detained for 41 days.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://china.hrw.org/press/news_release/hu_jia_chronology|title= Hu Jia Chronology|year=2008|publisher=[[Human Rights Watch]]}}</ref> His detention was not acknowledged by the Chinese government.{{Citation needed|date=October 2008}} After his return to his apartment in Beijing, where he lives with his wife [[Zeng Jinyan]] (also an AIDS activist), Hu Jia was kept under [[house arrest]] until March 2007. Two months later, on May 18, 2007, Hu Jia and his wife were placed under house arrest again on charges of "harming state security." Hu Jia has remained active via [[email]]s and [[blog]]s while under house arrests.

Using a web camera, Hu participated in a European parliamentary hearing in Brussels in November 2007 about [[Human rights in the People's Republic of China|human rights in China]]. At the hearing he said: “It is ironic that one of the people in charge of organizing the Olympic Games is the head of the Bureau of Public Security, which is responsible for so many human rights violations. It is very serious that the official promises are not being kept before the games.”<ref name="kahn">{{cite news | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/30/world/asia/web30china.html | date=30 December 2007 | title=China Detains Dissident, Citing Subversion | last=Kahn | first=Joseph | accessdate=2008-10-24 | publisher=[[New York Times]]}}</ref>

===Imprisonment===

On December 30, 2007, Hu was arrested at his home in Beijing by the Chinese police for "inciting subvertion of state authority".<ref name="kahn"/><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.humanrights-geneva.info/spip.php?article2613 | title=Outrage at human rights activist Hu Jia’s arrest in Beijing | publisher=[[Human Rights Tribune]] | date=31 December 2007 | accessdate=2008-10-24 | archive-date=2008-03-06 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080306033421/http://www.humanrights-geneva.info/spip.php?article2613 | dead-url=yes }}</ref> His trial began in March 2008 on charges of "inciting subversion of state power and the socialist system", stemming from interviews he gave to the foreign media and political articles he wrote and published on the internet. The crime carries a maximum sentence of five years in prison.<ref>{{cite news | title = Trial of Chinese activist begins | work = BBC News | date = 18 March 2008 | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7302057.stm}}</ref> On April 3, 2008, Hu was sentenced to three years and six months in prison.<ref>{{cite web | publisher=[[Al Jazeera]] | url=http://english.aljazeera.net/NR/exeres/1B5F4035-6692-4504-86BC-29E59DFDDBDA.htm | title=China jails vocal civil activist | date=3 April 2008 | accessdate=2008-04-03}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | title=Chinese Activist is Jailed | last=Yardley | first=Jim | publisher=[[New York Times]] | date=4 April 2008 | accessdate=2008-10-24 | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/04/world/asia/04china.html?hp}}</ref>  Hu's wife Zeng Jinyan, after an April 2009 prison visit with Hu Jia, noted that his health is deteriorating because of inadequate nutrition and medical care.<ref>[http://chinadigitaltimes.net/2009/05/zeng-jinyan-concerns-for-health-of-hu-jia-in-beijing-prison/ "Concerns for Health of Hu Jia in Beijing Prison" translation of Zeng Jinyan blog entry of April 22, 2009 posted on China Digital Times]</ref> He is thought to be suffering from a liver condition.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.rthk.org.hk/rthk/news/englishnews/20100412/news_20100412_56_660236.htm|title=Parole plea for dissident rejected |date=April 12, 2010|publisher=[[Radio Television Hong Kong]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hYiw54Xuc5jWlDmhgh_ZsrcUbDBw|title=China rejects medical parole for jailed activist: wife|date=April 12, 2010|publisher=[[Agence France-Presse|AFP]]|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20100415174043/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hYiw54Xuc5jWlDmhgh_ZsrcUbDBw|archivedate=April 15, 2010}}</ref>

Hu was released from custody on June 26, 2011.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/story/2011/06/25/chinese-activist-arrest778.html|title=Ailing Chinese dissident freed|publisher=[[CBC.ca]]|date=June 25, 2011|accessdate=June 25, 2011}}</ref>

==Illness==

In April 2010, Hu's family got to know that he was sent to prison hospital for medical check of symptoms suspected to be liver cancer but no information of the medical report was released to his family.  Hu's wife Ms Zeng requested for the detailed medical report but was denied access.  She and Hu's mother requested for medical parole but the prison administration rejected by saying that Hu's disease is not liver cancer, and he might not be released for medical care even if he had liver cancer.<ref>[https://docs.google.com/View?id=dggqrqvn_6dwfkp2fc Zeng Jinyan's Emergency Call for Medical Parole after Hu Jia entered hospital for suspected liver cancer]</ref>

On April 7, Ms Zeng published an open letter on Internet, requesting medical parole of Mr. Hu.  Shortly later, Ms [[Ai Xiaoming]] and Ms [[Cui Weiping]], two renowned university professors who are also active in human rights activities, published an open letter<ref>[https://twitter.com/xiaocao07/status/11855636937 Urgent Appeal by Ai Xiaoming for Medical Parole of Hu Jia]</ref> on Internet, appealing public support for Ms Zeng's request of medical parole of Mr. Hu.<ref>[https://docs.google.com/Doc?docid=0AabmhXwCSbSdZGhjdnhobWtfNDBmZmtmcWs3bQ Urgent Appeal by Ai Xiaoming & Cui Weiping]</ref>  In less than 10 days, over 700 people endorsed the open letter through email and web forms.<ref>[https://spreadsheets.google.com/viewform?formkey=dE1hYnh3d1hVZWZSMW0yQWdaZlN3c1E6MQ Sign Your Name to Save the Life of Hu Jia http://3.ly/qmjhj]</ref>

== Awards and honors ==
Hu was made an honorary citizen of Paris on April 21, 2008, the same day as was the [[Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama|14th Dalai Lama]].<ref name="france"/> On October 23, 2008, the European Parliament announced that its [[Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought]] would be awarded to Hu Jia in December 2008.<ref name="sakharov">[http://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/public/story_page/015-39965-294-10-43-902-20081020STO39964-2008-20-10-2008/default_en.htm Sakharov Prize 2008 awarded to Hu Jia]</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Human rights in the People's Republic of China]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Hu Jia (activist)}}
*[http://www.hs.fi/english/article/The+Year+of+the+Dog+-+A+Chinese+activists+story+/1135227391049 The Year of the Dog - A Chinese activist's story]
*[http://english.pravda.ru/news/world/29-03-2006/78007-China-0 Chinese AIDS activist missing for six weeks returns home]
*[http://www.rfa.org/english/news/2006/03/29/china_hujia/ Interview With AIDS Activist Hu Jia]
*[http://www.google.com/translate?u=http%3A%2F%2Fhujiachina.spaces.live.com%2F&langpair=zh%7Cen&hl=en&ie=UTF8 Hu Jia's blog, translated by Google Translate.]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080223110333/http://hujiachina.spaces.live.com/ Hu Jia's Live Spaces blog in Chinese]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20090524063316/http://www.fon.org.cn/ Friends of Nature website] (in Chinese)
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6mHrfE_1yf4&feature=related/ Prisoners in Freedom City, a documentary by Hu Jia and Zeng Jinyan (with Chinese and English Subtitles)]
*The full documentary, "Prisoners of Freedom City" on the WITNESS Hub - [https://web.archive.org/web/20080412083551/http://hub.witness.org/en/node/3867 Part 1], [https://web.archive.org/web/20080416053118/http://hub.witness.org/en/node/3864 Part 2] & [https://web.archive.org/web/20080416053113/http://hub.witness.org/en/node/3861 Part 3]
*[http://abclive.in/abclive_global/hu-jia-arrest-china.html Hu Jia Arrest Indicates China Anxiety over Tibet Issue]
*[http://www.guardian.co.uk/news/video/2008/feb/01/hu.jia Video: Living under house arrest in Beijing]
{{Sakharov Prize 2001-2025}}

{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
| NAME              = Hu, Jia
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH     = July 25, 1973
| PLACE OF BIRTH    =
| DATE OF DEATH     =
| PLACE OF DEATH    =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hu, Jia}}
[[Category:1973 births]]
[[Category:AIDS activists]]
[[Category:Amnesty International prisoners of conscience]]
[[Category:Chinese activists]]
[[Category:Chinese democracy activists]]
[[Category:Chinese dissidents]]
[[Category:Chinese environmentalists]]
[[Category:Chinese prisoners and detainees]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:People from Beijing]]
[[Category:Prisoners and detainees of the People's Republic of China]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Sakharov Prize]]
[[Category:Tibetan Buddhists from China]]
[[Category:Weiquan movement]]
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