Rozszerzenie:CheckUser
CheckUser Status wydania: stabilne |
|
---|---|
Realizacja | Strona specjalna , Tożsamość użytkownika , API , Hak , Bazy danych |
Opis | Funkcja CheckUser umożliwia uprawnionym użytkownikom sprawdzanie adresów IP używanych przez danych użytkowników oraz nazw użytkowników korzystających z danego adresu IP bez konieczności ręcznego wysyłania zapytań do bazy danych. |
Autor(zy) | Tim Starling, Aaron Schulz, Dreamy Jazz |
Ostatnia wersja | 2.5 (continuous updates) |
Polityka zgodności | Snapshots releases along with MediaWiki. Master nie jest kompatybilny wstecznie. |
MediaWiki | 1.39+ |
PHP | 7.4.3+ |
Zmiany w bazie danych | Tak |
Domena wirtualna | virtual-checkuser-global |
Tabele | cu_changes cu_log_event cu_private_event cu_log cu_useragent_clienthints cu_useragent_clienthints_map cu_useragent cuci_wiki_map cuci_temp_edit cuci_user |
Licencja | Licencja GNU General Public License 2.0 lub nowsza |
Pobieranie | |
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Quarterly downloads | 202 (Ranked 30th) |
Public wikis using | 9,118 (Ranked 13th) |
Przetłumacz rozszerzenie CheckUser jeżeli jest dostępne na translatewiki.net | |
Problemy | Otwarte zadania · Zgłoś błąd |
- Ta strona opisuje rozszerzenie. Zobacz Politykę CheckUserów na Meta Wiki, aby znaleźć informacje na temat wytycznych Fundacji Wikimedia.
CheckUser jest rozszerzeniem pozwalającym użytkownikom z uprawnieniem checkuser
na sprawdzanie adresów IP używanych przez danych użytkowników oraz nazw użytkowników korzystających z danego adresu IP bez konieczności ręcznego wysyłania zapytań do bazy danych.
Rozszerzenie jest wykorzystywane na wszystkich wiki Fundacji Wikimedia.
Aktualizacje będą wprowadzane według potrzeb wiki Fundacji Wikimedia, lub w przypadku wykrycia krytycznych problemów.
Instalacja
- Pobierz i umieść plik(i) w katalogu o nazwie
CheckUser
w folderzeextensions/
.
Developers and code contributors should install the extension from Git instead, using:cd extensions/
git clone https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/mediawiki/extensions/CheckUser - Tylko w przypadku instalacji z repozytorium git należy uruchomić Composer, aby zainstalować zależności PHP, poprzez wywołanie
composer install --no-dev
w katalogu rozszerzenia. (Zobacz zadanie T173141 w celu uzyskania informacji o możliwych komplikacjach.) - Dodaj poniższy kod na dole twojego pliku LocalSettings.php :
wfLoadExtension( 'CheckUser' );
- Uruchom skrypt aktualizujący, który automatycznie stworzy potrzebne tabele dla tego rozszerzenia.
- Configure as required.
- Zrobione – Przejdź do Special:Version na twojej wiki, aby sprawdzić czy rozszerzenie zostało pomyślnie zainstalowane.
Using MediaWiki-Docker
Follow the steps in MediaWiki-Docker/Extension/CheckUser to install this extension inside a MediaWiki Docker instance.
Konfiguracja
This tool copies recent changes data to separate tables, and adds to that when new entries are added.
If $wgPutIPinRC
is set to false
, the copied data will not contain the associated IP address.
However, entries added after installation of this extension will contain the IP address.
After installation of this extension, you can reduce $wgRCMaxAge
to make recentchanges shorter without affecting checkuser.
Use $wgCUDMaxAge
to set how far back checkuser data can go, in seconds.
The CheckUser-specific setting $wgCheckUserCIDRLimit determines the largest range that can be checked in a single check.
Its format is the same as $wgBlockCIDRLimit .
The default limit is /19
for IPv6 checks and /16
for IPv4 checks.
To allow this tool to log successful and failed login attempts as well as logouts, set $wgCheckUserLogLogins
to true
.
If you have bot accounts on your wiki, setting $wgCheckUserLogSuccessfulBotLogins
to false
will skip logging successful login attempts to bot accounts.
Wersja MediaWiki: | ≥ 1.43 |
If the extension is installed on a multi-wiki install, then you should set $wgVirtualDomainsMapping for the virtual-checkuser-global
to point to a central database table.
Setting this will ensure that the central index tables are actually on a central DB, and therefore the GlobalBlocking global autoblocks and GUC work.
After doing this, you will need to run update.php
to create the tables on the central wiki.
Troubleshooting Special:GlobalContributions functionality
If Special:GlobalContributions is not returning revisions as expected (e.g. you have revisions on another wiki that you can view on that wiki), a misconfiguration may be causing an internal failure that isn't user-facing (as it cannot be user resolved). Check that:
- Your user has a central account and that their accounts on the affected wiki are linked. This can be checked at Special:MergeAccount.
- The affected wiki is known to the wiki farm. This is defined in the
sites
table and wikis can be added to this table via theaddSite
maintenance script. You'll need to ensure that the optional parameterspagepath
andfilepath
are filled out (eg.php ./maintenance/run.php ./maintenance/addSite.php $wikiName wiki --pagepath https://hostname/wiki/\$1 --filepath https://hostname/w/\$1
), as Special:GlobalContributions uses these to generate API queries and links. - The central database is set with
virtual-checkuser-global
(eg.$wgVirtualDomainsMapping['virtual-checkuser-global'] = [ 'db' => $wiki ];
) and that thecuci_temp_edit
table is recording revisions from the affected wiki. - If necessary, cross-domain cookies should be enabled as the
centralauth
token must work across both wikis.
Nadawanie uprawnień CheckUser
To grant the right to use Special:CheckUser, Special:Investigate and Special:CheckUserLog, a user with user rights management must go to Special:UserRights and enter the user's name in the box, then select the option "checkuser". Once this is done, the aforementioned special pages will show up in Special:SpecialPages page for that user.
To allow users to access the IP addresses of temporary accounts , they should be granted the checkuser-temporary-account right.
To give sysops all the rights this extension provides, put the following into LocalSettings.php
:
$wgGroupPermissions['sysop']['checkuser'] = true;
$wgGroupPermissions['sysop']['checkuser-log'] = true;
$wgGroupPermissions['sysop']['investigate'] = true;
$wgGroupPermissions['sysop']['checkuser-temporary-account'] = true;
To only allow the adding and removing of the checkuser
permission, use the following instead:
$wgAddGroups['sysop'][] = 'checkuser';
$wgRemoveGroups['sysop'][] = 'checkuser';
Konfiguracja
Parametr | Wartość domyślna | Komentarz |
---|---|---|
$wgCUDMaxAge
|
7776000
|
Definiuje jak długo przechowywane są informacje CheckUsera (w sekundach). Domyślna wartość to 3 miesiące. |
$wgCheckUserMaxBlocks
|
200
|
Limit masowej blokady |
$wgCheckUserForceSummary
|
false
|
Ustaw wartość tego ustawienia na true, jeżeli chcesz wymusić na checkuserach podawanie powodu każdego indywidualnego sprawdzenia które wykonują za pośrednictwem Special:CheckUser. (Nie jest to specjalnie skuteczna metoda, ponieważ checkuser może bez problemu podać powód w stylu „Wymaga sprawdzenia” lub „Bo tak”, a oprogramowanie nie będzie o tym wiedzieć.) |
$wgCheckUserCIDRLimit
|
[ 'IPv4' => 16, 'IPv6' => 19 ]
|
Smallest CIDR value that can be used in any individual range check |
$wgCUPublicKey
|
''
|
Public key to encrypt private data that may need to be read later. Generate a public key with something like:
Used with an associated private key to encrypt certain data that is not shown to CUs but stored in the cu_changes or cu_private_event table. Currently this is only the recipients of emails. Without a valid public key the data will not be stored. |
$wgCheckUserCAMultiLock
|
false
|
This can be used to add a link to Special:MultiLock by CentralAuth to the Special:CheckUser's mass block form. This requires the CentralAuth extension to be installed on the wiki. To enable this, set this to an array with a central wiki's database name and an array with the name(s) of the global group(s) to add the link for. For example:
$wgCheckUserCAMultiLock = [
'centralDB' => 'metawiki',
'groups' => [ 'steward' ]
];
|
$wgCheckUserCAtoollink
|
false
|
Since 77360f1cf1d2. This adds a link to central wiki Special:CentralAuth to the Special:CheckUser's "Get users" results. This requires the CentralAuth extension to be installed on the wiki. To enable this, set this with a central wiki's database name. For example:
$wgCheckUserCAtoollink = 'metawiki';
|
$wgCheckUserGBtoollink
|
false
|
Since 77360f1cf1d2. This adds a link to local or central wiki Special:GlobalBlock to the Special:CheckUser's "Get users" results. This requires the GlobalBlocking extension to be installed on the wiki. To enable this, if a $wgConf is configured, set this to an array with a central wiki's database name and an array with the name(s) of the local (or global if you have CentralAuth installed) group(s) to add the link for. For example:
$wgCheckUserGBtoollink = [
'centralDB' => 'metawiki',
'groups' => [ 'steward', 'staff' ]
];
|
$wgCheckUserEnableSpecialInvestigate (1.35-1.43)
|
false (<=1.39)true (1.40+)
|
Since 57dcfe46d2e4. This enables Special:Investigate, an updated version of Special:CheckUser that allows checking for multiple user accounts and IP addresses within one investigation. |
$wgCheckUserLogLogins
|
false
|
Whether CheckUser should log login and logout attempts (both successful and not). |
$wgCheckUserLogSuccessfulBotLogins
|
true
|
Whether CheckUser should store successful login attempts to accounts with the bot user group if $wgCheckUserLogLogins is set to true . Only is used if $wgCheckUserLogLogins is true
|
$wgCheckUserMaximumRowCount
|
5000
|
The maximum number of results that can be returned by Special:CheckUser. Before MediaWiki 1.39, in the 'Get edits' and 'Get IPs' results having over 5000 results would return the results in a different format. From MediaWiki 1.39 this is the maximum number of results to show by page and more can be generated using the paging links |
$wgCheckUserInvestigateMaximumRowCount
|
25000
|
Similar to $wgCheckUserMaximumRowCount, but for Investigate |
$wgCheckUserTemporaryAccountMaxAge (1.40+)
|
86400
|
The number of seconds for which the temporary account API response is fresh. |
$wgCheckUserEventTablesMigrationStage (1.40+)
|
3 (1.40)259 (1.41) 769 (1.42-1.43) 768 (1.43)
|
Used to control the migration stage of log events stored in cu_changes to the new cu_log_event and cu_private_event tables. Is temporary and will be removed once migration is complete. |
$wgCheckUserClientHintsEnabled (1.41+)
|
true
|
Used to control whether client hints should be collected and displayed in results by CheckUser. |
$wgCheckUserClientHintsSpecialPages (1.41+)
|
[ "CreateAccount", "Emailuser", "PasswordReset", "Userlogin", "Userlogout" ]
|
The list of SpecialPages where CheckUser will request client hints if $wgCheckUserClientHintsEnabled is true .
|
$wgCheckUserClientHintsActionQueryParameter (1.41+)
|
[ "history" ]
|
The list of "action" values in the query parameters where client hints will be requested. |
$wgCheckUserClientHintsHeaders (1.41+)
|
{ "Sec-CH-UA": "", "Sec-CH-UA-Arch": "architecture", "Sec-CH-UA-Bitness": "bitness", "": "brands", "Sec-CH-UA-Form-Factor": "", "Sec-CH-UA-Full-Version-List": "fullVersionList", "Sec-CH-UA-Mobile": "mobile", "Sec-CH-UA-Model": "model", "Sec-CH-UA-Platform": "platform", "Sec-CH-UA-Platform-Version": "platformVersion", "Sec-CH-UA-WoW64": "" }
|
The list of client hint types that will be requested. Keys represent the client hint values requested using the Accept-CH header. Values represent the equivalent name when requesting them from the JS client side client hints API. |
$wgCheckUserClientHintsUnsetHeaderWhenPossible (1.41+)
|
true
|
If true , the server will send an empty Accept-CH header when the user is viewing a page which does not need client hints data.
|
$wgCheckUserGlobalContributionsCentralWikiId (1.44+)
|
null
|
A string representing the name of the wiki to designate as the "central" wiki for Special:GlobalContributions. Setting this will redirect all other wiki's Special:GlobalContributions page to the central wiki's instead. |
Special:CheckUser usage
Podstawy interfejsu
- Go to Special:CheckUser.
- In the user field, type in the username (without the
User:
prefix), IP address, or CIDR range.
- IP: any IPv4 or IPv6 address.
- CIDR: you can check a range of IP addresses by appending the CIDR prefix. The CIDR prefix value for IPv4 can be between 16-32 and the value for IPv6 can be between 19-128. The smaller number for both ranges can be changed using the configuration variable $wgCheckUserCIDRLimit. For notation, see Help:Blokowanie zakresów IP .
- XFF: you can check a client IP address provided by X-Forwarded-For headers by appending
/xff
(for example,127.0.0.1/xff
).
- XFF: you can check a client IP address provided by X-Forwarded-For headers by appending
- Select the information you want to retrieve.
- Znajdź adresy IP - returns IP addresses used by a registered user.
- Pozyskaj działania - returns all edits and logged actions made by users using an IP address or range specified in the target field, or if the target is a user all edits and logged actions by that user.
- Znajdź użytkowników - returns user accounts that have edited from an IP or range.
- In the "Powód" field, type in the reason you are accessing the confidential data.
Try to succinctly summarise the situation (for example, "cross-wiki spam"); this will be logged in a log visible only to users with the checkuser-log
permission.
-
Podstawowy interfejs CheckUsera
-
Przykładowe sprawdzenie nazwy użytkownika
-
Przykładowe sprawdzenie adresu IP
-
Example Get edits check
-
Przykładowy rejestr
Zwracane informacje
A typical entry in the CheckUser results for a user summary ("get users") is as follows:
- Example (talk | contribs | block) (Check) (20:11, 05 grudzień 2024 -- 20:12, 05 grudzień 2024) [5]
- 127.0.0.37 XFF: 127.0.0.1, 127.0.0.5
- Example user agent
This is formatted to fit a lot of information into a format that can very easily be listed and skimmed, but is difficult to read unless you know what the information provided is. The information is laid out as follows:
- nazwa użytkownika (linki użytkownika) (time period when they edited from the given IP or range) [number of edits from the IP or range]
- IP address edited from XFF: XFF information provided (can be spoofed)
Each IP/XFF combination used to edit is listed, in order of use.
The last ten user agents (browser, operating system, system language, and versions) for each user for edits made in the IP or range are listed afterwards.
Format XFF
XFF (X-Forwarded-For) headers indicate the series of IP addresses used from the user's computer (first) to the last proxy server. In case of Wikimedia, the last proxy server is one of the Wikimedia proxies (listed under $wgCdnServersNoPurge in the Wikimedia configuration file).
In this example:
aaa.aaa.aaa.aaa XFF: 10.4.46.42, 127.0.0.1, aaa.aaa.aaa.aaa, 208.80.152.46
- the first two addresses (
10.4.46.42
,127.0.0.1
) are private to the originating network and can't be reached directly from the public Internet,
- the third address (
aaa.aaa.aaa.aaa
) is the "public face" of the editor, usually a broadband or dial-up ISP, a company gateway, (but possibly an anonymizer or a malware-compromised server),
- the last address (
208.80.152.46
) is one of the Wikimedia squids (sq36.wikimedia.org
).
MediaWiki configuration settings $wgUsePrivateIPs , $wgCdnServers , $wgCdnServersNoPurge and extensions using the IsTrustedProxy hook (such as Extension:TrustedXFF ) change the way an actual IP address used to attribute edits is selected.
Linki z narzędziami
Gdy uzyskasz wynik sprawdzenia na Special:CheckUser, możesz dodać spersonalizowane linki do narzędzi poprzez dwa komunikaty systemowe:
MediaWiki:checkuser-userlinks-ip
dla sprawdzeń adresów IP (przykład: m:MediaWiki:checkuser-userlinks-ip)MediaWiki:Checkuser-userlinks
dla sprawdzeń zarejestrowanych użytkowników (przykład: m:MediaWiki:Checkuser-userlinks)MediaWiki:checkuser-toollinks
for IPs in the 'Get IP Addresses' check type (for example m:MediaWiki:checkuser-toollinks)MediaWiki:Checkuser-cidr-tool-links
for IP ranges produced by the CIDR calculator present at the bottom of all Special:CheckUser pages. Interface message added in 1.41.
Special:Investigate usage
Basic usage
- Go to Special:Investigate.
- In the Nazwy użytkownika i adresy IP field, type in up to 10 targets, which may be usernames (without the
User:
prefix), IP addresses, or CIDR ranges. - In the Powód field, enter the reason you are accessing the confidential data, as described in the Special:CheckUser instructions above; this will be logged in a log visible only to users with the checkuser-log permission.
-
Input form
-
Account information tab
-
IPs and user agents tab
-
Timeline tab
For advanced feature usage, see Help:Special Investigate.
Customizing tool links
As with Special:CheckUser, links to external tools can be customized.
The links are defined in the checkuser-investigate-compare-toollinks
message.
This message is parsed to find links, which are added to the menu in the IP i aplikacje klientów tab.
Special:IPContributions usage
This page is only available if temporary accounts are known on a wiki (See MainConfigSchema::AutoCreateTempUser
for more information).
It's used to examine the temporary accounts associated with an IP.
To use this page, you must have the right to view IP addresses (checkuser-temporary-account
) and have enabled the preference to view IP addresses (on Special:Preferences, under "Ujawnienie adresów IP kont tymczasowych").
Basic usage
- Go to Special:IPContributions.
- In the Adres bądź zakres adresów IP: field, input an IP (IPv4 or IPv6) or CIDR range.
- Adjust parameters as necessary and submit a search. This action will be logged to the
checkuser-temporary-account
log which will be visible to users with thecheckuser-temporary-account-log
right.
-
Input form
-
Example results
Special: GlobalContributions usage
This page is only available if temporary accounts are known on a wiki (See MainConfigSchema::AutoCreateTempUser
for more information) and Extension:GlobalPreferences is enabled.
Given an IP, it aggregates all revisions from temporary accounts across all wikis within the wiki farm that the user has the right to see.
To use this page, you must have the right to view IP addresses (checkuser-temporary-account
) and have enabled the global preference to view IP addresses (on Special:GlobalPreferences, under "Ujawnienie adresów IP kont tymczasowych").
Basic usage
- Go to Special:GlobalContributions
- In the Adres bądź zakres adresów IP: field, input an IP (IPv4 or IPv6) or CIDR range.
- Adjust parameters as necessary and submit a search. This action will be logged to the
checkuser-temporary-account
log which will be visible to users with thecheckuser-temporary-account-log
right. - Alongside local results, results will be returned for wikis on which you also have the
checkuser-temporary-account
right.
-
Input form
-
Example results
Showing IPs for temporary accounts
Wersja MediaWiki: | ≥ 1.40 |
The CheckUser extension will show since MediaWiki 1.40 a button that is displayed next to temporary account user links which allows the revealing of their IP address.
This functionality is available exclusively to users with the checkuser-temporary-account
privilege, granting them the ability to view the IP addresses that are linked to temporary accounts.
To access this information, the Enable revealing IP addresses for temporary accounts feature must be enabled on the user's Special:Preferences page.
These buttons will appear wherever user links are shown for a temporary account, such as when viewing page histories or in Special:Contributions. However, these will not be shown on Special:CheckUser, Special:Investigate or Special:InvestigateBlock.
API
CheckUser and CheckUserLog API
CheckUser dodaje również swoje API.
These two APIs work fairly similarly to the special pages, but the reason for a check using the checkuser
API is prefixed with "API:" to indicate they were made using the API.
Example usages of these APIs are shown below.
- CheckUser API
api.php?action=query&list=checkuser&curequest=userips&cutarget=Jimbo_Wales api.php?action=query&list=checkuser&curequest=edits&cutarget=127.0.0.1/16&xff=1&cureason=Some_check
- CheckUserLog API
api.php?action=query&list=checkuserlog&culuser=WikiSysop&cullimit=25 api.php?action=query&list=checkuserlog&cultarget=127.0.0.1&culfrom=20111015230000
Temporary Account Reveal API
Wersja MediaWiki: | ≥ 1.40 |
Usage
The TemporaryAccountHandler class offers API endpoints for retrieving the IP addresses associated with temporary user accounts. To access this information, the Enable revealing IP addresses for temporary accounts feature must be enabled on the user's Special:Preferences page.
API endpoint
GET /rest.php/checkuser/v0/temporaryaccount/{name}
where {name}
is the user name you want to look up
Response
If the request is successful, the API will respond with a JSON object containing the following fields:
Name | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
ips
|
string[]
|
IPs of the given temporary account |
If the request fails, the API will respond with an appropriate error code and message.
Example request
GET /rest.php/checkuser/v0/temporaryaccount/*Unregistered%202
Example response
{"ips": [ "114.127.69.62" , "212.47.235.82" , "212.47.235.81" ]}
TemporaryAccountRevisionHandler
The TemporaryAccountRevisionHandler class offers API endpoints for viewing the IP associated with a revision for temporary accounts. You can specify one or multiple revision IDs in the query string.
API endpoint
GET /rest.php/checkuser/v0/temporaryaccount/*Unregistered%203/revisions/{revisionId}
where {revisionId}
is the revision ID(s) you want to look up separated by the |
character.
Odpowiedź
If the request is successful, the API will respond with a JSON object containing the following fields:
Name | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
ips
|
dictionary
|
The revision ID as the key and the associated IP address as the value. |
If the request fails, the API will respond with an appropriate error code and message.
Przykładowe zapytanie
GET /rest.php/checkuser/v0/temporaryaccount/*Unregistered%203/revisions/31
Przykładowa odpowiedź
{"ips":{"31":"40.175.36.227"}}
Example request with multiple revisions
GET /w/rest.php/checkuser/v0/temporaryaccount/*Unregistered%205/revisions/194|193
Przykładowa odpowiedź
{"ips":{"194":"40.175.36.227","193":"1.2.3.4"}}
To rozszerzenie jest wykorzystywane przez jeden lub więcej projektów Wikimedia. Oznacza to prawdopodobnie, że to rozszerzenie jest stabilne i działa wystarczająco dobrze, aby wykorzystywać je na stronach o dużym natężeniu ruchu. Odnajdź nazwę tego rozszerzenia w plikach konfiguracyjnych Wikimedia CommonSettings.php oraz InitialiseSettings.php, aby zobaczyć gdzie są zainstalowane. Pełną listę rozszerzeń zainstalowanych na określonej wiki można znaleźć na stronie Special:Version na danej wiki. |
To rozszerzenie jest dołączone do następujących farm/hostów wiki lub pakietów: To nie jest pełna lista. Niektóre farmy/hosty wiki lub pakiety mogą zawierać to rozszerzenie nawet jeśli nie są one tutaj wymienione. Zawsze sprawdzaj swoje farmy/hosty wiki, aby to potwierdzić. |
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