HQ-7 / FM-80/-90 Feimeng 80
In March 1979, the General Staff Headquarters proposed to develop new low-altitude and ultra-low-altitude surface-to-air missiles to strengthen field air defense and key ground air defense capabilities. In June of the same year, the State Council and the Central Military Commission formally issued a development task, named the "Hongqi" No. 7 missile (export number "Flying Midge" 80/FM-80).
The Hongqi-7 is an all-weather, low-altitude, ultra-low-altitude air defense missile based on the legal "Sidewinder" missile. The design was finalized in 1988 and is now equipped with field troops to replace the Hongqi-61 A surface-to-air missile.
The missile has two types of vehicles: mobile transfer square warehouse and electric off-road vehicle. Each system is equipped with 4 tube-mounted missiles; it is equipped with S-band pulse Doppler search radar; the launch guidance system includes KU-band monopulse radar and TV tracking system , Infrared markers, etc.; using infrared, television, radar composite guidance system, full radio command guidance, has a strong anti-interference ability; can attack various high-speed aircraft, helicopters, air-to-surface missiles, cruise missiles.
Feimeng 80
In the early 1990s China first publicly displayed its first mobile low-altitude and ultra-low-altitude missile -- the "Feimeng (Flying Midge)-80." Using a combination of infrared, television and radar guidance systems, this air defense missile system is under wireless command control all the way, which gives it excellent resistance to passive jamming, active jamming and crustal and meteorological noises. Compared to similar types of advanced air defense missiles abroad, the "Feimeng-80" is superior to the US Chaparrel, the British Rapier, and the German and French Roland in all-weather capability, combat response time, combat air space, and ability to deal with multiple targets. Its overall performance is comparable to the improved Sidewinder.
The Feimeng 80 air defense missile is a point defense missile that is usually deployed to ammunition depots or military bases. Its mission is similar to that of the "Avenger" missile. With an effective engagement range of 12-15km the system uses an E/F-band Acquisition radar and a J-band Engagement radar.
In order to reduce the danger of being hit by the enemy's air defense units, fighter bombers now use ultra-low-altitude flight to launch surprise assaults against ground targets. Ordinary radar and air defense missiles are relatively ineffective against planes and helicopters using this kind of tactics, flying at altitudes of scores of meters. Under such circumstances, low-altitude air defense missiles specially designed to hit objects flying in low altitudes have become increasingly important.
Feimeng 90
At the end of 1998, the "Feimeng-90," an improved version of the "Feimeng-80," was introduced. This is the latest improved model of the FM-80 series. Because of the great improvement, China Precision Import and Export Corporation assigned it a new model designation.
Compared to the old system, the target seeking range of the new system is increased from 18,400 meters to 25,000 meters, the homing range is increased from 17,000 meters to 20,000 meters, the maximum speed is increased from 750 meters/second to 900 meters/second, and the maximum range is increased from 12,000 meters to 15,000 meters, thus enhancing its long-range combat capability. At the same time, its maximum ultra radio frequency height is reduced from 30 meters to 15 meters. The new system also makes use of two-waveband radar instead of ordinary radar and features an improved television tracking system, which greatly increases its combat effectiveness.
The guidance mode uses a semi-automatic radar commanded infrared image guidance system. The radar has a search range of 25 kilometers and a tracking distance of 20 kilometers. The target information is continuously updated with the data link. The effective firing height of the missile is between 15 and 6000 meters, the effective range is between 0.7 and 15 kilometers, and the maximum speed of the missile is Mach 2.3.
This missile has all-weather combat capabilities and can effectively deal with multiple types of air targets such as fighter planes, helicopters, unmanned aerial vehicles, cruise missiles, air-to-surface tactical missiles and anti-radiation missiles. Its standard firing unit consists of a search and control vehicle and 2 to 3 firing guided vehicles. The complete firing unit has 8 to 12 spare missiles. The preparation time is reduced from 10 seconds to 6 seconds, and a single shot hits. The rate is about 80%.
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