அம்மார் இப்னு யாசிர்

அம்மார் இப்னு யாசிர் இப்னு அமீர் இப்னு மாலிக் ( அரபு மொழி: عَمَّار ٱبْن يَاسِر ٱبْن عَامِر ٱبْن مَالِك ٱلْعَنْسِيّ‎ ),எனப்படுபவர் இஸ்லாமிய வரலாற்றில் இசுலாமிய மார்க்கத்தை முதலில் ஏற்றவர்களில் ஒருவராக இருந்தார் ^[1], இஸ்லாத்திற்காக தன்னை முழுமையாக அர்ப்பணித்த காரணத்தால் , முஹம்மது நபி மற்றும் முஸ்லிம்களின் மிகவும் விசுவாசமான மற்றும் அன்பான தோழர்களில் ஒருவராக கருதப்படுகிறார். ^{[2] [3] [4]} வரலாற்று ரீதியாக, அம்மார் இப்னு யாசிர் இஸ்லாத்தின் முதன்மை பள்ளிவாசலான காஃபா கட்டிய முஸ்லீம்களில் ஒருவராவார் . ^[5]

அம்மார் பானு மக்சும் கோத்திரத்தைச் சேர்ந்தவர் ஹிஜாசில் (தற்போதைய சவூதி அரேபியா ). பிறந்தார், மேலும் கதீஜா (ரலி)உடனான முஹம்மது நபியின் திருமணத்தின் தூதுவர்களில் ஒருவராக இருந்தார். அவரது தந்தை, யாசிர் இப்னு அமீர், யேமனில் உள்ள கஹ்தான் கோத்திரத்தைச் சேர்ந்தவர், மக்காவுக்கு குடிபெயர்ந்து, அடிமைப் பெண்ணான சுமய்யா பின்த் கயாத்தை மணந்த பின்னர் அங்கேயே குடியேறினார்; அம்மார் மற்றும் அவரது பெற்றோர்களான யாசிர் மற்றும் சுமய்யா ஆகியோர் அபுஹுதைஃபாவின் அடிமைகளாக இருந்தனர், அவரது மரணத்தின் பின்னர், இஸ்லாத்தின் எதிரிகளில் ஒருவரான அபு ஜஹ்ல்-இன் அடிமைகளாக எடுத்துக் கொள்ளப்பட்டு சித்திரவதைக்கு ஆளானார்கள். முஹம்மது நபியின் நம்பகத்தன்மையைப் பற்றிய அம்மரின் நம்பிக்கையும் அறிவும், அவருடைய நபித்துவத்திற்கு முன்பே ஆரம்பகாலத்தில் இசுலாத்தை பின்பற்ற அவரை ஊக்குவித்தது. ^{[6] [7] [8]}

முஹம்மது நபியின் முதன்மை தோழரான அபுபக்கரின்(ரலி) அவர்களின் மூலமாக 614 அல்லது 615 இல் இஸ்லாம் மதத்தை ஏற்றார். ^[9] . அம்மரின் தந்தை, தாய் மற்றும் சகோதரரும் முஸ்லிம்களாக மாறினர். ^[10]

இதை அறிந்த குரைஷியர்கள் இஸ்லாத்தை கைவிட மறுத்ததற்காக கடுமையான துன்புறுத்தலுக்கு உள்ளாக்கப்பட்டனர் இதில் அம்மாரின் தாயார் அபு ஜஹால் என்பவனால் கொலை செய்யப்பட்டார்: அவர் முதல் முஸ்லீம் தியாகியாக கருதப்படுகிறார். ^[11] இந்த துன்பகரமான நிகழ்வுக்கு பதிலளிக்கும் விதமாக இறைவனிடம் இருந்து செய்தியாக குர்ஆனின் அத்தியாயம் 29 (சிலந்தி)யின் தொடக்க வசனங்கள் வந்தன ^[12]

இஸ்லாத்தின் முதல் போரான பத்ர் போரில் பங்கேற்ற வீரர்களில் அம்மர் அவர்களும் ஒருவராக இருந்தார் ^[13] நபிகள் நாயகத்தின் மரணத்திற்குப் பிறகும் அவர் முஸ்லிம்களுடனான அனைத்து கடுமையான போர்களிலும் தொடர்ந்து பங்கேற்றார். ^[14]

1. ↑ Ammar Ibn Yasser' shrine is violated, Islam Times, retrieved on 13 Apr 2014
2. ↑ Prophet Muhammad (warning Khalid ibn al-Walid): "Whoever makes an enemy of Ammar, Allah makes an enemy of him; whoever hates ʻAmmār, Allah hates him; whoever curses ʻAmmār, Allah curses him; whoever belittles ‘Ammar, Allah belittles him; and whoever disparages ‘Ammar, Allah disaparages him," ‘Abdul-‘Aziz As-Shanawi, The Ministers around the Prophet - Page 122, Dar-us-Salam (2004), Retrieved on 2 Mar 2014
3. ↑ Prophet Muhammad: "‘Ammar is with the truth and the truth is with ‘Ammar. He turns wherever the truth turns"; "ʻAmmār is as near to me as an eye is near to the nose. Alas! a rebellious group will kill him". Nahj ul Balagha: Sermons from Imam Ali - On the method of his ruling, and grief over the martyrdom of his companions, Google Books, Retrieved on 23 Feb 2014
4. ↑ Imam Ali (deeply saddened while and openly weeping in commiserating Ammar Bin Yassir's martyrdom in the Battle of Siffin): "Any Muslim, who doesn't consider the event of ʻAmmār's being killed to be great, and doesn't treat it to be a painful tragedy, won't be recognized to be adult and mature. May Allah bless ʻAmmār on the day on which he embraced Islam, the day on which he was killed and the day on which he will rise from earth once again! I saw ʻAmmār at such a position that if the companions of the Holy Prophet (S) were reckoned to be four he was the fourth and if they were five he was the fifth and none of the companions of the Holy Prophet (S) doubted this. Paradise has become essential for ʻAmmār and his entitlement to Paradise did not depend on one or two instances [only]. (The Imam [then] took Ammar’s head and put it in his lap and recited): O death who does not leave me, relieve me, for you have destroyed all friends! I see that you are aware of those whom I love as if that you walk towards them with a guide!", The life of Imam Al-Hasan al-Mujtaba by Baqir Shareef al-Qurashi and translated by Jasim al-Rasheed, Chapter XI - At Siffin, Retrieved on 31 May 2014
5. ↑ Syed A. A. Razwy, A Restatement of the History of Islam & Muslims C.E. 570 to 661, pages 91 & 552, Google Books, Retrieved on 27 Feb 2014
6. ↑ Sayyid Saeed Akhtar Rizvi: "Ammar and his parents were amongst the first converts to Islam. His father Yasir was from the tribe of Qahtan in Yemen. He, together with his two brothers, came to Mecca in search of a lost brother. His brothers returned to their homeland; but Yasir stayed in Mecca where he entered into a covenant with Abu Hudhayfah (from the tribe of Bani Makhzum), and married his slave-girl, Sumayyah bint Khayyat. Yasir and Sumayyah begot two sons, 'Abdullah and 'Ammar, who according to the custom of Arabia, were considered the slaves of Abu Hudhayfah". Slavery - Ammar bin Yasir , Al-islam. org, by Sayyid Saeed Akhtar Rizvi retrieved on 15 Dec. 2014
7. ↑ Kamran Shahid Ansari: "Ammar bin Yasir was one of the early reverts to Islam and belonged to Banu Makhzum tribe. He was born in the year of Elephant in Makkah and was one of the intermediaries in the Messenger of Allah’s (peace and blessings of Allah be to him) marriage to Khadija bint Khuwaylid (may Allah be pleased with her). His father Yasir (may Allah be pleased with him) was from Yemen and migrated to Makkah and settled down there by marrying Sumayya (may Allah be pleased with her), a slave woman. Earlier they were slaves to Abu Huzaifa, but upon his death Abu Jahl, one of the staunchest enemies of Islam took them over as slaves. Ammar, aware of the extraordinary qualities and impeccable character of the Messenger of Allah, did not take much time to revert to Islam" Radiance Viewsweekly, Ammar Bin Yasir (May Allah be pleased with him), by Kamran Shahid Ansari, retrieved on 15 Dec. 2014
8. ↑ "Ammar’s parents Yassir and Summaya also accepted Islam on the very same day due to a dream Yassir had the previous night. He dreamed that Ammar and his wife were calling to him from a garden from across a valley divided by fire. The whole family accepted Islam and drew the notice and hatred of one of the chieftains of Quraish, Abu Jahl" www.newmuslims.com, The Companions of Prophet Muhammad: Ammar ibn Yassir, retrieved on 27 January 2017
9. ↑ Muhammad ibn Ishaq. Sirat Rasul Allah. Translated by Guillaume, A. (1955). The Life of Muhammad, p. 117. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
10. ↑ Ibn Saad/Bewley vol. 3 p. 188.
11. ↑ Muhammad ibn Saad. Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir, vol. 8. Translated by Bewley, A. (1995). The Women of Madina, pp. 185-186. London: Ta-Ha Publishers.
12. ↑ Tafsir al-Qurtubi (in Arabic), explanation of and commentary on Surat Al-Ankabut பரணிடப்பட்டது 2022-01-28 at the வந்தவழி இயந்திரம், retrieved on may 30, 2014
13. ↑ Martin Lings, Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources, pages 138–139
14. ↑ ”'Ammar took part in all of the battles that occurred during the Prophet's lifetime. And even after the Prophet's death, 'Ammar continued to fight in the way of Allah until the very end; after all, the Prophet foretold that he was to die during battle, at the hands of a transgressing faction. Al-Fia'atul-Baghiyyah, or "the transgressing faction", refers to a specific meaning; when two Muslim groups fight against each other, the group that is in the wrong is referred to as being "the transgressing faction". Whenever there was a call to fight the enemies of Islam, 'Ammar bin Yasir did not tarry, but instead hurried to join the ranks of the Muslim army - and so it was for him during the battles of the apostates, which occurred during the caliphate of abu bakr. 'Ammar left with the army of Khalid bin Al-Walid. They were to fight the army of Musailamah bin Habib, who was known by the title, "the Liar". Musailamah apostatized by claiming to be a prophet, and his people followed him, not so much because they believed him, but more from a sense of tribal pride. During the early stages of the battle, the Muslims were losing, and when the situation looked grim, 'Ammar bin Yasir stood on top of a stone and called out as loudly as he could: "O Muslims, is it from Paradise that you are fleeing? I am 'Ammar bin Yasir ... gather around me". He then rushed with his horse into the heart of the enemy's army, advancing with no intention of retreating. 'Abdullah bin 'Umar later said, "I saw 'Ammar bin Yasir on the Day of Al-Yamamah (the said battle) fighting intrepidly and skillfully. And I saw his ear; it had been cut off and was making a sound (perhaps as it was dangling)". After the Muslims were victorious in the battles of the apostates, 'Ammar did not return home to safety, but instead marched to the front lines of Ash-Sham, remaining a dependable and brave fighter,” Abdul Aziz As-Shanawi, The Ministers around the Prophet - Page 123, Dar-us-Salam (2004), Retrieved on 17 Feb 2015