Person Page - 10187

     Henry V Plantagenet, King of England was born on 9 August 1387 at Monmouth Castle, Monmouth, Monmouthshire, Wales^G.² He was the son of Henry IV, King of England and Lady Mary de Bohun. He married Catherine de France, daughter of Charles VI, Roi de France and Isabelle von Bayern, on 2 June 1420 at Troyes Cathedral, Troyes, Champagne, France^G.³ He died on 31 August 1422 at age 35 at Bois de Vincennes Castle, Île-de-France, France^G, from dysentery.⁴ He was buried at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G.⁴
     He was also known as Henry of Monmouth.⁵ He was appointed Knight, Order of the Garter (K.G.) in 1399.³ He was created 1st Earl of Chester [England] on 15 October 1399.² He was created Prince of Wales on 15 October 1399.² He was created 1st Duke of Cornwall [England] on 15 October 1399.² He was created Duke of Aquitaine [England] on 10 November 1399.^2,6 He was created 1st Duke of Lancaster [England] on 10 November 1399.³ He succeeded as the King Henry V of England on 20 March 1413.³ He was crowned King of England on 9 April 1413 at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G, and styled 'Rex Angliae et Franciae et Dominus Hiberniae.⁷'
     Henry settled the differences between the Court and nobility that had marred the previous reign but ruthlessly put down the Lollards. Civil war broke out in France and Henry was determined to make the most of this. He first reinforced his fleet, then on 11 August 1415 he sailed from Southampton for the mouth of the Seine. His objective was the throne of France. He marched through France with an army of about 5,000 including 4,000 long-bowmen. At 11.00am on Friday 25 October 1415, St Crispin's Day, he met a French army of 20,000 at Agincourt. The French lost nearly 10,000 to his 400. The long bow had again proved virtually unbeatable. A shadow was cast over this victory because the English killed all their prisoners. In May 1420 Charles VI of France recognised Henry as heir to the French throne and as Regent during Charles' lifetime. At home, Henry had the body of the murdered Richard II reburied at Westminster. Henry had a very strong sense of justice; he had no favourites and brooked no nepotism. He was strong willed and competent but could be cruel. Generally, his subjects loved him. His ambition was to lead Western Europe on a Holy Crusade. He has an extensive biographical entry in the Dictionary of National Biography.⁸
     

     Catherine de France was born on 27 October 1401 at Hôtel de St. Pol, Paris, France^G.¹ She was the daughter of Charles VI, Roi de France and Isabelle von Bayern. She married, firstly, Henry V Plantagenet, King of England, son of Henry IV, King of England and Lady Mary de Bohun, on 2 June 1420 at Troyes Cathedral, Troyes, Champagne, France^G.¹ She married, secondly, Sir Owen Tudor, son of Meredith ap Tudor and Margaret Fychan, between 1425 and 1428. However, it is not proven that this marriage actually took place.¹ She died on 3 January 1437 at age 35 at Bermondsey Abbey, Bermondsey, London, England^G, childbirth.² She was buried at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G.²
     She was a member of the House of Valois. After her marriage, Catherine de France was styled as Queen Consort Catherine of England on 23 February 1421.¹

     Henry IV, King of England was born on 3 April 1366 at Bolingbroke Castle, Lincolnshire, England^G.⁴ He was the son of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster and Blanche of Lancaster, Countess of Derby. He was also reported to have been born on 1 April 1367 at Bolingbroke Castle, Lincolnshire, England^G. He married Lady Mary de Bohun, daughter of Humphrey de Bohun, 7th Earl of Hereford and Lady Joan FitzAlan, on 27 July 1380 at Arundel Castle, Arundel, Sussex, England^G.⁴ He married Jeanne d'Evreux, Princesse de Navarre, daughter of Carlos II, Rey de Navarre and Jeanne de France, on 7 February 1403 at Winchester Cathedral, Winchester, Hampshire, England^G.⁵ He married Jeanne d'Evreux, Princesse de Navarre, daughter of Carlos II, Rey de Navarre and Jeanne de France, on 3 April 1402 in a proxy marriage.⁵ He died on 20 March 1413 at age 46 from a disease resembling leprosy.⁵ He was buried at Canterbury Cathedral, Canterbury, Kent, England^G.⁵
     He was a member of the House of Plantagenet. He was appointed Knight, Order of the Garter (K.G.) on 23 April 1377.⁴ He gained the title of Earl of Derby on 16 July 1377.⁴ After his marriage, Henry IV, King of England was styled as Earl of Northampton on 22 December 1384.⁴ After his marriage, Henry IV, King of England was styled as Earl of Hereford on 22 December 1384.⁴ He gained the title of Duke of Hereford on 29 September 1397.⁴ He succeeded as the Duke of Lancaster on 3 February 1399.⁴ He succeeded as the Earl of Leicester on 3 February 1399.⁴ He succeeded as the Earl of Lincoln on 3 February 1399.⁴ He gained the title of King Henry IV of England on 30 September 1399.⁴ He was crowned King of England on 13 October 1399 at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G, and styled 'Rex Angliae et Franciae et Dominus Hiberniae.⁶'
     His claim to the throne had been most tenuous and his succession took place in dubious circumstances following the deposing and subsequent murder of Richard II. Before this event Henry had had most of the noble qualities, handsome, an active knight, a musician, pious and an accomplished linguist. Subsequently he seemed to have dwelt on the great wrong done to Richard and he declined into a sick man at an early age. It is true that he had many difficulties, he was for the first time for any English King, closely controlled by Parliament especially in financial affairs. He had many uprisings to deal with notably from the Welsh under their educated leader Owen Glendower. At one stage, the French sent troops to aid the Welsh but matters eased when Harlech Castle was taken following a siege. Henry also faced insurrections from English barons, including an encounter with the Earl of Northumberland and his son Hotspur at Shrewsbury in 1403 when Hotspur was slain. To add to his troubles, the Scots harried his forces virtually throughout his reign. It is to Henry's credit that the Kingdom survived intact. As Henry's health failed his son the Prince of Wales was drawn more into affairs of state. He has an extensive biographical entry in the Dictionary of National Biography.⁷
     

     Lady Mary de Bohun was born circa 1369.² She was the daughter of Humphrey de Bohun, 7th Earl of Hereford and Lady Joan FitzAlan.¹ She married Henry IV, King of England, son of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster and Blanche of Lancaster, Countess of Derby, on 27 July 1380 at Arundel Castle, Arundel, Sussex, England^G.² She died on 4 July 1394 at Peterborough Castle, Peterborough, Cambridgeshire, England^G, in childbirth.² She was buried at Trinity Hospital, Leicester, Leicestershire, England^G.² She was buried at St. Mary's Church, Leicester, Leicestershire, England^G.²
     She was appointed Lady Companion, Order of the Garter (L.G.) in 1388.²

     Edward Plantagenet was born in April 1382. He was the son of Henry IV, King of England and Lady Mary de Bohun. He died in April 1382 aged 4 days.¹ He was buried at Monmouth Castle Chapel, Monmouth, Monmouthshire, Wales^G.

     Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence was born on 29 September 1388 at Kenilworth Castle, Kenilworth, Warwickshire, England^G.^2,3 He was the son of Henry IV, King of England and Lady Mary de Bohun.⁴ He married Lady Margaret de Holand, daughter of Thomas de Holand, 2nd/5th Earl of Kent and Lady Alice FitzAlan, after 10 November 1411.⁵ He died on 22 March 1420/21 at age 32 at Anjou, France^G, killed in action by Sir John de la Croise, without legitimate issue.^2,6 He was buried at Canterbury Cathedral, Canterbury, Kent, England^G.² His will (dated 10 July 1417) was proven (by probate) on 23 November 1423 at Lambeth, London, England^G.⁶
     He held the office of Seneschal of England on 4 October 1399.⁴ He was appointed Knight, Order of the Bath (K.B.) on 12 October 1399.² He was appointed Knight, Order of the Garter (K.G.) circa 1400.² He held the office of Chief Governor of Ireland between 1401 and 1413.⁶ He held the office of Lord High Admiral from 1405 to 1406.⁶ He held the office of Member of the Council in 1411.⁶ He held the office of Lieutenant of Acquitaine from 1412 to 1413.⁶ He was created 1st Earl of Aumale [England] on 9 July 1412.⁶ He was created 1st Duke of Clarence [England] on 9 July 1412.⁶ He held the office of High Steward of Chester in 1415.⁶ He held the office of Constable of the Army in 1417.⁶ He was Lieutenant-General of the Army in France and Normandy between 1417 and 1421.⁶ He fought in the Siege of Rouen from July 1418 to January 1418/19, where he commanded the sieging force.⁶ He fought in the Battle of Baugé on 22 March 1420/21.²
     On his death, his titles became extinct.⁶

     John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford was born on 20 June 1389.¹ He was the son of Henry IV, King of England and Lady Mary de Bohun.² He married, firstly, Anne de Bourgogne, daughter of Jean I de Valois, Duc de Bourgogne and Marguerite von Bayern-Straubing, on 14 June 1423 at Troyes Cathedral, Troyes, Champagne, France^G.¹ He married, secondly, Jacquetta de Luxembourg, daughter of Pierre I de Luxembourg, Comte de St. Pol, Brienne et Conservan and Margherita del Balzo, on 22 April 1433 at Bishops Palace, Thérouanne, Flanders, France^G.³ He died on 14 September 1435 at age 46 at Castle of 'Joyeux Repos', Rouen, Caux, France^G, without legitimate surviving issue.^1,4,5 He was buried at Rouen Cathedral, Rouen, Caux, France^G.¹ His will (dated 10 September 1435) was proven (by probate) on 7 October 1441 at Lambeth, London, England^G.⁴
     He was appointed Knight, Order of the Garter (K.G.) after 1399.² He was appointed Knight Bachelor on 11 October 1399.¹ He held the office of Warden of the East Marches between 1403 and 1414.² He held the office of Captain of Berwick between 1403 and 1414.² He held the office of Constable of England on 10 September 1403.² He held the office of Ambassador to Scotland in 1411, jointly.² He was created Earl of Kendal [England, for life] on 16 May 1414.^1,2 He was created Duke of Bedford [England, for life] on 16 May 1414.^1,2 He was created Earl of Richmond [England] on 24 November 1414, with a reversion to the crown on the death of Ralph Nevill, Earl of Westmorland.¹ He held the office of Guardian of England on 12 August 1415, while King Henry V was making an expedition to France.² He fought in the Battle of Harfleur on 15 August 1415, where he defeated the French fleet.² He held the office of Guardian of England on 25 July 1417.² He held the office of Guardian of England on 10 June 1421.² He held the office of Regent of France in September 1422, after the death of King Henry V.² He held the office of Protector of the Kingdom of England on 5 December 1422.² On 7 September 1423 at Paris, France^G, he crowned his nephew, Henry VI, as King of France.⁴ He fought in the Battle of Verneuil on 17 August 1424, where he commanded a great vistory by the English and Burgundians over the French.² He held the office of Admiral of England, Ireland and Guienne on 26 July 1426.² He was responsible for buring Joan of Arc at the stake.
     On his death, all of his honours became extinct.⁴

     Humphrey Plantagenet, Duke of Gloucester was born on 3 October 1390.² He was the son of Henry IV, King of England and Lady Mary de Bohun. He married, firstly, Jacqueline von Bayern-Straubing, Comtesse de Hainaut et Gravin van Holland en Zeeland, daughter of Wilhelm IV Herzog von Bayern-Straubing Comte de Hainaut et Graaf van Holland en Zeeland and Marguerite de Bourgogne, before 7 March 1422/23.² He and Jacqueline von Bayern-Straubing, Comtesse de Hainaut et Gravin van Holland en Zeeland were divorced on 9 July 1428 by Papal Decree, pronouncing as valid her marriage to John IV of Brabant.² He married, secondly, Eleanor de Cobham, daughter of Sir Reynold de Cobham and Eleanor Culpeper, between August 1428 and 1431.³ He died on 23 February 1447 at age 56 at Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk, England^G, died under mysterious and suspicious circumstances while under arrest.² He was buried on 4 March 1447 at St. Albans Abbey, St. Albans, Hertfordshire, England^G.²
     He was appointed Knight, Order of the Garter (K.G.) circa 1400.² He was created 1st Duke of Gloucester on 16 May 1414.² He was created 1st Earl of Pembroke on 16 May 1414.² After his marriage, Humphrey Plantagenet, Duke of Gloucester was styled as Comte de Hainaut in March 1423.² After his marriage, Humphrey Plantagenet, Duke of Gloucester was styled as Comte de Zélande in March 1423.² After his marriage, Humphrey Plantagenet, Duke of Gloucester was styled as Comte de Hollande in March 1423.² He was created Comte de Flandre on 30 July 1436.² He held the office of Regent of England.

     Blanche Plantagenet was born in 1392 at Peterborough Castle, Peterborough, Cambridgeshire, England^G.¹ She was the daughter of Henry IV, King of England and Lady Mary de Bohun. She married Ludwig III Kurfürst von der Pfalz, son of Rupprecht III von der Pfalz, Holy Roman Emperor and Elisabeth von Hohenzollern, on 6 July 1402.¹ She died on 22 May 1409 at Neustadt, Alsace, Germany^G, in childbirth.¹ She was buried at Church of St. Mary, Neustadt, Alsace, Germany^G.¹
     She was appointed Lady Companion, Order of the Garter (L.G.) in 1408.¹

     Philippa Plantagenet was born before 4 July 1394 at Peterborough Castle, Peterborough, Cambridgeshire, England^G.¹ She was the daughter of Henry IV, King of England and Lady Mary de Bohun. She married Erik VII von Pommern, King of Denmark, son of Wartislav VII Herzog von Pommern and Marie von Mecklenburg, on 26 October 1406 at Lund, Skane, Sweden^G.¹ She died on 5 January 1430 at Convent of Valdstena, Linköping, Sweden^G.² She was buried at Convent of Valdstena, Linköping, Sweden^G.²
     After her marriage, Philippa Plantagenet was styled as Queen Consort Philippa of Denmark on 1 November 1406.² She was appointed Lady Companion, Order of the Garter (L.G.) in 1408.²