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- Earth-centered inertial (ECI) coordinate frames have their origins at the center of mass of Earth and are fixed with respect to the stars. "I" in "ECI" stands for inertial (i.e. "not accelerating"), in contrast to the "Earth-centered - Earth-fixed" (ECEF) frames, which remains fixed with respect to Earth's surface in its rotation, and then rotates with respect to stars. For objects in space, the equations of motion that describe orbital motion are simpler in a non-rotating frame such as ECI. The ECI frame is also useful for specifying the direction toward celestial objects: To represent the positions and velocities of terrestrial objects, it is convenient to use ECEF coordinates or latitude, longitude, and altitude. In a nutshell:
* ECI: inertial, not rotating, with respect to the stars; useful to describe motion of celestial bodies and spacecraft.
* ECEF: not inertial, accelerated, rotating w.r.t stars; useful to describe motion of objects on Earth surface. The extent to which an ECI frame is actually inertial is limited by the non-uniformity of the surrounding gravitational field. For example, the Moon's gravitational influence on a high-Earth orbiting satellite is significantly different than its influence on Earth, so observers in an ECI frame would have to account for this acceleration difference in their laws of motion. The closer the observed object is to the ECI-origin, the less significant the effect of the gravitational disparity is. (en)
- 지구 중심 관성(Earth-centered inertial, ECI) 좌표계는 지구의 질량중심을 원점으로 하는 좌표계이다. X 축이 춘분점을 향하며, Z 축은 지구의 자전축 방향으로 정의한다. (ko)
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- Earth-centered inertial - Polar view (en)
- Earth-centered, Earth fixed - Polar view (en)
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- An example of Earth-centered frame (en)
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- Animation of IRNSS orbit - Earth fixed - polar view.gif (en)
- Animation of IRNSS orbit around Earth - Polar view.gif (en)
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- 지구 중심 관성(Earth-centered inertial, ECI) 좌표계는 지구의 질량중심을 원점으로 하는 좌표계이다. X 축이 춘분점을 향하며, Z 축은 지구의 자전축 방향으로 정의한다. (ko)
- Earth-centered inertial (ECI) coordinate frames have their origins at the center of mass of Earth and are fixed with respect to the stars. "I" in "ECI" stands for inertial (i.e. "not accelerating"), in contrast to the "Earth-centered - Earth-fixed" (ECEF) frames, which remains fixed with respect to Earth's surface in its rotation, and then rotates with respect to stars. For objects in space, the equations of motion that describe orbital motion are simpler in a non-rotating frame such as ECI. The ECI frame is also useful for specifying the direction toward celestial objects: In a nutshell: (en)
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- Earth-centered inertial (en)
- 지구 중심 관성 (ko)
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