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- In enzymology, an amidase (EC 3.5.1.4, acylamidase, acylase (misleading), amidohydrolase (ambiguous), deaminase (ambiguous), fatty acylamidase, N-acetylaminohydrolase (ambiguous)) is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of an amide: Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are an amide and H2O, whereas its two products are and NH3. This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, those acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds, specifically in linear amides. The systematic name of this enzyme class is acylamide amidohydrolase. Other names in common use include acylamidase, acylase, amidohydrolase, deaminase, fatty acylamidase, and N-acetylaminohydrolase. This enzyme participates in 6 metabolic pathways: urea cycle and metabolism of amino groups, phenylalanine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, , , and . Amidases contain a conserved stretch of approximately 130 amino acids known as the AS sequence. They are widespread, being found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. AS enzymes catalyse the hydrolysis of amide bonds (CO-NH2), although the family has diverged widely with regard to substrate specificity and function. Nonetheless, these enzymes maintain a core alpha/beta/alpha structure, where the topologies of the N- and C-terminal halves are similar. AS enzymes characteristically have a highly conserved C-terminal region rich in serine and glycine residues, but devoid of aspartic acid and histidine residues, therefore they differ from classical serine hydrolases. These enzymes possess a unique, highly conserved Ser-Ser-Lys catalytic triad used for amide hydrolysis, although the catalytic mechanism for acyl-enzyme intermediate formation can differ between enzymes. Examples of AS signature-containing enzymes include:
* Peptide amidase (Pam), which catalyses the hydrolysis of the C-terminal amide bond of peptides.
* Fatty acid amide hydrolases, which hydrolyse fatty acid amid substrates (e.g. cannabinoid anandamide and sleep-inducing oleamide), thereby controlling the level and duration of signalling induced by this diverse class of lipid transmitters.
* Malonamidase E2, which catalyses the hydrolysis of malonamate into malonate and ammonia, and which is involved in the transport of fixed nitrogen from bacteroids to plant cells in symbiotic nitrogen metabolism.
* Subunit A of Glu-tRNA(Gln) amidotransferase, a heterotrimeric enzyme that catalyses the formation of Gln-tRNA(Gln) by the transamidation of misacylated Glu-tRNA(Gln) via amidolysis of glutamine. (en)
- Amidasen (auch: Amidohydrolasen) sind in der Enzymologie, einem Teilgebiet der Biochemie, Enzyme, welche eine chemische Reaktion zur Spaltung von Amidbindungen katalysieren. Die Enzyme bilden eine Unterfamilie der Hydrolasen. Sie erfüllen wichtige Funktionen in allen Lebewesen. (de)
- Una amidasa (EC 3.5.1.4), es una enzima que cataliza la hidrólisis de una amida: Por lo tanto los dos sustratos de esta clase de enzimas son una amida monocarboxílica y agua, mientras que sus dos productos son un y amoníaco. (es)
- Une amidase est une hydrolase qui catalyse la réaction : R–CONH2 + H2O → R–COOH + NH3 R–COO− + NH4+.R1–CONH–R2 + H2O → R–COOH + R2–NH2. Dans le cas particulier où l'amide secondaire constitue une liaison peptidique, l'amidase est appelée peptidase. Les liaisons amide de composés cycliques sont ouvertes par des lactamases. (fr)
- アミダーゼ（Amidase、EC 3.5.1.4）は、次の反応を触媒する酵素である。 モノカルボン酸アミド+H2Oモノカルボン酸+NH3 つまり、この酵素の基質はモノカルボン酸アミドと水の2種で、生成物はモノカルボン酸とアンモニアである。 この酵素は加水分解酵素の1つで、ペプチド結合とは別の炭素-窒素結合、特に直線的なアミドに作用する。 この酵素の組織名は、アシルアミドアミドヒドロラーゼ（acylamide amidohydrolase）である。別名に、アシルアミダーゼ（Acylamidase）やアシラーゼ（Acylase）、アミドヒドロラーゼ（amidohydrolase）、デアミナーゼ（deaminase）、fatty acylamidase、そして、N-アセチルアミノヒドロラーゼ（N-acetylaminohydrolase）も使われる。この酵素は、尿素回路、、、などの代謝経路で活躍している。 (ja)
- Amidazy – grupa enzymów roślinnych i zwierzęcych, zaliczanych do hydrolaz, uczestniczących w metabolizmie białek. Katalizują odwracalne odszczepienie amoniaku lub mocznika od amidów. (pl)
- Le amidasi sono una famiglia enzimatica appartenente alla classe delle idrolasi in grado di idrolizzare in modo specifico il legame ammidico. Al pari delle esterasi e delle , le amidasi svolgono un ruolo molto importante nella detossificazione di sostanze xenobiotiche introdotte nell'organismo. Le amidasi hanno un ruolo fondamentale anche per quanto riguarda la digestione delle proteine introdotte con l'alimentazione, dal momento che della famiglia delle amidasi fanno parte proteasi e peptidasi.La reazione catalizzata dalle amidasi, essendo un idrolisi, prevede l'introduzione di una molecola di acqua per spezzare il legame ammidico: R-CO-NR'R'' + H2O → R-COOH + HNR'R'' (it)
- Амідази — група ферментів, що каталізують гідроліз речовин типу амідів, кислот з відщепленням азоту у вигляді аміаку. До амідаз належать уреаза, аспарагіназа, , амідна гідролаза жирних кислот, AOC1, AOC2, AOC3, тощо. (uk)
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- Amidasen (auch: Amidohydrolasen) sind in der Enzymologie, einem Teilgebiet der Biochemie, Enzyme, welche eine chemische Reaktion zur Spaltung von Amidbindungen katalysieren. Die Enzyme bilden eine Unterfamilie der Hydrolasen. Sie erfüllen wichtige Funktionen in allen Lebewesen. (de)
- Una amidasa (EC 3.5.1.4), es una enzima que cataliza la hidrólisis de una amida: Por lo tanto los dos sustratos de esta clase de enzimas son una amida monocarboxílica y agua, mientras que sus dos productos son un y amoníaco. (es)
- Une amidase est une hydrolase qui catalyse la réaction : R–CONH2 + H2O → R–COOH + NH3 R–COO− + NH4+.R1–CONH–R2 + H2O → R–COOH + R2–NH2. Dans le cas particulier où l'amide secondaire constitue une liaison peptidique, l'amidase est appelée peptidase. Les liaisons amide de composés cycliques sont ouvertes par des lactamases. (fr)
- アミダーゼ（Amidase、EC 3.5.1.4）は、次の反応を触媒する酵素である。 モノカルボン酸アミド+H2Oモノカルボン酸+NH3 つまり、この酵素の基質はモノカルボン酸アミドと水の2種で、生成物はモノカルボン酸とアンモニアである。 この酵素は加水分解酵素の1つで、ペプチド結合とは別の炭素-窒素結合、特に直線的なアミドに作用する。 この酵素の組織名は、アシルアミドアミドヒドロラーゼ（acylamide amidohydrolase）である。別名に、アシルアミダーゼ（Acylamidase）やアシラーゼ（Acylase）、アミドヒドロラーゼ（amidohydrolase）、デアミナーゼ（deaminase）、fatty acylamidase、そして、N-アセチルアミノヒドロラーゼ（N-acetylaminohydrolase）も使われる。この酵素は、尿素回路、、、などの代謝経路で活躍している。 (ja)
- Amidazy – grupa enzymów roślinnych i zwierzęcych, zaliczanych do hydrolaz, uczestniczących w metabolizmie białek. Katalizują odwracalne odszczepienie amoniaku lub mocznika od amidów. (pl)
- Амідази — група ферментів, що каталізують гідроліз речовин типу амідів, кислот з відщепленням азоту у вигляді аміаку. До амідаз належать уреаза, аспарагіназа, , амідна гідролаза жирних кислот, AOC1, AOC2, AOC3, тощо. (uk)
- In enzymology, an amidase (EC 3.5.1.4, acylamidase, acylase (misleading), amidohydrolase (ambiguous), deaminase (ambiguous), fatty acylamidase, N-acetylaminohydrolase (ambiguous)) is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of an amide: Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are an amide and H2O, whereas its two products are and NH3. Examples of AS signature-containing enzymes include: (en)
- Le amidasi sono una famiglia enzimatica appartenente alla classe delle idrolasi in grado di idrolizzare in modo specifico il legame ammidico. Al pari delle esterasi e delle , le amidasi svolgono un ruolo molto importante nella detossificazione di sostanze xenobiotiche introdotte nell'organismo. Le amidasi hanno un ruolo fondamentale anche per quanto riguarda la digestione delle proteine introdotte con l'alimentazione, dal momento che della famiglia delle amidasi fanno parte proteasi e peptidasi.La reazione catalizzata dalle amidasi, essendo un idrolisi, prevede l'introduzione di una molecola di acqua per spezzare il legame ammidico: (it)
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