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The alphabet agencies, or New Deal agencies, were the U.S. federal government agencies created as part of the New Deal of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. The earliest agencies were created to combat the Great Depression in the United States and were established during Roosevelt's first 100 days in office in 1933. In total, at least 69 offices were created during Roosevelt's terms of office as part of the New Deal. Some alphabet agencies were established by Congress, such as the Tennessee Valley Authority. Others were established through Roosevelt executive orders, such as the Works Progress Administration and the Office of Censorship, or were part of larger programs such as the many that belonged to the Works Progress Administration. Some of the agencies still exist today, while others h

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  • The alphabet agencies, or New Deal agencies, were the U.S. federal government agencies created as part of the New Deal of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. The earliest agencies were created to combat the Great Depression in the United States and were established during Roosevelt's first 100 days in office in 1933. In total, at least 69 offices were created during Roosevelt's terms of office as part of the New Deal. Some alphabet agencies were established by Congress, such as the Tennessee Valley Authority. Others were established through Roosevelt executive orders, such as the Works Progress Administration and the Office of Censorship, or were part of larger programs such as the many that belonged to the Works Progress Administration. Some of the agencies still exist today, while others have merged with other departments and agencies or were abolished. The agencies were sometimes referred to as alphabet soup. Libertarian author William Safire notes that the phrase "gave color to the charge of excessive bureaucracy." Democrat Al Smith, who turned against Roosevelt, said his government was “submerged in a bowl of alphabet soup." "Even the Comptroller-General of the United States, who audits the government's accounts, declared he had never heard of some of them." While previously all monetary appropriations had been separately passed by Act of Congress, as part of their power of the purse; the National Industrial Recovery Act allowed Roosevelt to allocate $3.3 billion without Congress (as much as had been previously spent by government in ten years time), through executive orders and other means. These powers were used to create many of the alphabet agencies. Other laws were passed allowing the new bureaus to pass their own directives within a wide sphere of authority. Even though the National Industrial Recovery Act was found to be unconstitutional, many of the agencies created under it remained. (en)
  • Als Alphabet agencies werden in den Vereinigten Staaten Ämter der Bundesregierung bezeichnet, die durch Akronyme aus drei bis fünf Buchstaben abgekürzt werden, zum Beispiel WPA = Works Progress Administration. Im Gefolge der New-Deal-Politik des Präsidenten Franklin D. Roosevelt wurde eine große Zahl solcher Ämter aus der Taufe gehoben. Der entstehende Wirrwarr von Ämterkürzeln wurde spöttisch als alphabet soup (Buchstabensuppe) bezeichnet. (de)
  • «Алфавитные» агентства Нового курса (англ. Alphabet agencies) — множество федеральных правительственных программ и агентств, созданных в США в рамках «Нового курса» президента Франклина Рузвельта. Первые агентства были созданы для борьбы с Великой депрессией — в ходе первых Ста дней пребывания Рузвельта в должности президента, в 1933 году. Резкое появление сразу серии агентств с похожими названиями в стране, не привыкшей к развитой бюрократии, вызвало резкую критику «алфавитного винегрета» со стороны многих современников. В общей сложности в период пребывания Рузвельта у власти в Америке было создано не менее 69 новых служб, многие из которых обладали широкими полномочиями. Причём «даже Генеральный контролер Соединенных Штатов, который проверял счета правительства, заявил, что никогда не слышал о некоторых из них»; некоторые юристы-современники характеризовали происходившее как «бедлам». Несмотря на то, что ряд законопроектов «Ста дней» был признан неконституционными, многие госучреждения, созданные в соответствии с отменёнными законами, продолжили своё существование. Некоторые из агентств продолжают существовать и в XXI веке. (ru)
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  • Als Alphabet agencies werden in den Vereinigten Staaten Ämter der Bundesregierung bezeichnet, die durch Akronyme aus drei bis fünf Buchstaben abgekürzt werden, zum Beispiel WPA = Works Progress Administration. Im Gefolge der New-Deal-Politik des Präsidenten Franklin D. Roosevelt wurde eine große Zahl solcher Ämter aus der Taufe gehoben. Der entstehende Wirrwarr von Ämterkürzeln wurde spöttisch als alphabet soup (Buchstabensuppe) bezeichnet. (de)
  • The alphabet agencies, or New Deal agencies, were the U.S. federal government agencies created as part of the New Deal of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. The earliest agencies were created to combat the Great Depression in the United States and were established during Roosevelt's first 100 days in office in 1933. In total, at least 69 offices were created during Roosevelt's terms of office as part of the New Deal. Some alphabet agencies were established by Congress, such as the Tennessee Valley Authority. Others were established through Roosevelt executive orders, such as the Works Progress Administration and the Office of Censorship, or were part of larger programs such as the many that belonged to the Works Progress Administration. Some of the agencies still exist today, while others h (en)
  • «Алфавитные» агентства Нового курса (англ. Alphabet agencies) — множество федеральных правительственных программ и агентств, созданных в США в рамках «Нового курса» президента Франклина Рузвельта. Первые агентства были созданы для борьбы с Великой депрессией — в ходе первых Ста дней пребывания Рузвельта в должности президента, в 1933 году. Резкое появление сразу серии агентств с похожими названиями в стране, не привыкшей к развитой бюрократии, вызвало резкую критику «алфавитного винегрета» со стороны многих современников. (ru)
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  • Alphabet agencies (de)
  • Alphabet agencies (en)
  • Алфавитные агентства (ru)
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