Sahadat

One of the éarliest surviving translations of the Shahadah into a foreign language is in Greek, from the reign of al-Walid I (86-96 AH, 705-715 CE): Οὐκ ἔστι[ν θεὸς εἰ μὴ ὁ θεὸς μόνος·] Μααμὲ[τ ἀπόστολος θεοῦ] (Ouk esti[n theos ei mē ho theos monos;] Maame[t apostolos theou]).[1] "There is no god except the single God; Muhammad is God's apostle", i.e. "Allah" is being translated as "God".

There are seven critical conditions of the Shahadah:

• Al-`Ilm (Knowledge of the meaning of the shahadah, its negation and affirmation)
• Al-Yaqeen (Certainty – perfect knowledge of it that counter-acts suspicion and doubt)
• Al-Ikhlaas (Sincerity which negates shirk)
• Al-Sidq (Truthfulness that permits neither falsehood nor hypocrisy)
• Al-Mahabbah (Love of the shahadah and its meaning, and being happy with it)
• Al-Inqiad (Submission to its rightful requirements, which are the duties that must be performed with sincerity to God (alone) seeking His pleasure)
• Al-Qubool (Acceptance that contradicts rejection).

Several national flags display the Shahadah:

• The flag of Saudi Arabia, on a green background.
• The unrecognized state of Somaliland.
• From 1990 to 1992, the Islamic State of Afghanistan.
• From 1997 to 2001, the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, under the rule of the Taliban.
• Per the 2004 draft constitution for Afghanistan, white script centered on a red background.

It is considered correct to refer to previous figures such as prophets like Jesus (in Arabic, Isa) as Messengers (rasul), and a few groups (notably certain Sufi mystics) amend the declaration to mention prior prophets whose names are found in the Qur'an.^[rujukan?]

Sometimes اشهد ان 'ašhadu 'an = "I witness that" is prefixed to éach half of the Shahadah.

Sometimes و wa = "and" is prefixed to the first word of the second half of the Shahada.

Some of the relatively small minority, labelled the "Quran Alone Muslims" consider the second part of the Shahadah incorrect and say it should not include Muhammad's name, one of the réasons being that the full Shahadah with Muhammad's name is never found in the Qur'an.

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1. ↑ ^{a b} bin Hashim, Profesor Emeritus Dato` Isahak Haron, Ibrahim (2016). Pahami Bacaan Shalatmubin Hashim, Profesor Emeritus Dato` Isahak Haron. Jakarta, Indonesia: Noura Books. p. 6. ISBN 9786023850037.  Disungsi22 Peb 2022