Opioid
Opioid je hemijsko jedinjenje koje se vezuje za opioidne receptore, koji se nalaze prvenstveno u centralnom nervnom sistemu i gastrointestinalnom traktu. Ovi receptori u tim organima posreduju blagotvorne kao i sporedne efekte opioida.[1][2]
Analgetski efekti opioida dolaze os umanjenog percepcije bola, umanjene reakcije na bol kao i povećane tolerancije bola. Nepoželjni efekti opioida su sedacija, respiratorna depresija, i konstipacija. Opioidi mogu da uzrokuju umanjenje kašlja. Fizička zavisnost može da se razvije tokom njihove administracije, koja dovodi do sindroma povlačenja kod naglog prekida upotrebe. Opioidi mogu da proizvedu osećanje euforije.
Vidi još
уредиLiteratura
уреди- ^ Chevlen E (2003). „Opioids: a review”. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 7 (1): 15—23. PMID 12525266.
- ^ Pasternak GW (2010). „Molecular insights into mu opioid pharmacology: From the clinic to the bench”. Clin J Pain. 26 Suppl 10: S3—9. PMID 20026962. doi:10.1097/AJP.0b013e3181c49d2e.[мртва веза]
Dodatna literatura
уреди- Palliativedrugs.com Palliative Care Formulary and bulletin board with over 22,000 worldwide registered. Free to register.
- Wall and Melzack's textbook of pain, 5th ed. Stephen B. McMahon and Martin Koltzenburg, eds. Edinburgh : Elsevier Churchill Livingstone, 2006.
- Gutstein, Howard B. and Huda Akil, "Opioid Analgesics", in Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 11th Edition, 2006, edited by Brunton, Laurence L., John S. Lazo, Keith L. Parker, Iain L. O. Buxton, and Donald Blumenthal.
- Rossi S (Ed.) (2005). Australian Medicines Handbook 2005. Adelaide: Australian Medicines Handbook. ISBN 0-9578521-9-3.
- A Guide to Symptom Relief in Palliative Care, 5th ed. Regnard C, Hockley J. Abingdon: Radcliffe Medical Press, 2004
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- Hanks GW. Conno F. Cherny N. Hanna M. Kalso E. McQuay HJ. Mercadante S. Meynadier J. Poulain P. Ripamonti C. Radbruch L. Casas JR. Sawe J. Twycross RG. Ventafridda V. Expert Working Group of the Research Network of the European Association for Palliative Care. Morphine and alternative opioids in cancer pain: the EAPC recommendations. British Journal of Cancer. 2001; 84(5): 587–93.
- Symptom Management in Advanced Cancer, 3rd edition. 2001. Twycross RG, Wilcock A. Abingdon: Radcliffe Medical Press.
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- Cancer Pain Relief and Palliative Care. Geneva : WHO, 1990.
- Oral Morphine, Information for Patients, Families and Friends. Twycross R., Lack S.A. Beaconsfield Publishers. 1988.