Natrix natrix

Familia: Colubridae
Subfamilia: Natricinae
Genus: Natrix
Species: Natrix natrix
Subspecies: N. n. calabra – N. n. cypriaca – N. n. fusca – N. n. gotlandica – N. n. moreotica – N. n. natrix – N. n. persa – N. n. schweizeri – N. n. scutata – N. n. syriaca

Natrix natrix (Linnaeus, 1758)

• Holotype: ZMUU 3, collected by C. Gyllenborg on 1744.
• Type locality: “Europa”, restricted to “Schweden [=Sweden]” by Mertens & Müller (1928: 49).

• Coluber natrix Linnaeus, 1758: 220 [original combination]
• Tropidonotus natrix — Boie, 1827: 534 [subsequent combination]
• Natrix natrix — Stejneger, 1907: 263 [subsequent combination]

• Natrix megalocephala Orlov & Tuniyev, 1987: 117 [synonymized by Kindler et al. (2013: 468)]
  • Holotype: ZIN 11846, adult ♀, collected by K. Satunin on 1909.
  • Type locality: “Pitsunda, West Caucasus, Georgia, USSR”.

• Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio Decima, Reformata. Tomus I. Holmiæ (Stockholm): impensis direct. Laurentii Salvii. 824 pp. DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542 BHL Reference page. 
• Mertens, R. & Müller, L. 1928. Die Amphibien und Reptilien Europas. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 41(1): 1–62. Reference page. 
• Orlov, N.L. & Tuniyev, B.S. 1987. Novyi vid uzha Natrix megalocephala sp. nov. s Kavkaza (Ophidia: Colubridae) (In Russian). Trudy Zoologicheskogo Instituta, Akademii Nauk SSSR 158: 116–130.
• Kindler, C., Böhme, W., Corti, C., Gvoždík, V., Jablonski, D., Jandzík, D., Metallinou, M., Široký, P. & Fritz, U. 2013. Mitochondrial phylogeography, contact zones and taxonomy of grass snakes (Natrix natrix, N. megalocephala). Zoologica Scripta 42(5): 458–472. DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12018 Reference page. 

• Jablonski, D., Tzoras, E., Panagiotopoulos, A., Asztalos, M. & Fritz, U. 2023. Genotyping the phenotypic diversity in Aegean Natrix natrix moreotica (Bedriaga, 1882) (Reptilia, Serpentes, Natricidae). Zookeys 1169ː 87–94. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1169.104594 Reference page. 
• Jandzík, D. 2005. Record of a black-coloured Natrix in northeastern Turkey, with comments on the validity of the Bigheaded Grass Snake, Natrix megalocephala Orlov & Tunijev, 1987. Zoology in the Middle East 34(1): 27–34. DOI: 10.1080/09397140.2005.10638079 Reference page. 

• Uetz, P. & Hallermann, J. 2024. Natrix natrix. The Reptile Database. Accessed on 28 January 2019.
• European Reptile & Amphibian Specialist Group 1996. IUCN: Natrix natrix  (Least Concern). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 1996: e.T14368A4436775. DOI: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T14368A4436775.en

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