Terminalia calamansanai

Familia: Combretaceae
Subfamilia: Combretoideae
Tribus: Combreteae
Subtribus: Terminaliinae
Genus: Terminalia
Species: Terminalia calamansanai

Terminalia calamansanai (Blanco) Rolfe, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 310 (1884); as Terminalia calamansanay

• Basionym
  • Gimbernatia calamansanai Blanco, Fl. Filip., ed. 2: 266 (1845)
    • Type: D.P. Miranda For. Bur. 20781 [Merrill: Species Blancoanae No. 605 p.p. (fruiting material only)] (Neotype: US [​US00623709 (904282)^(GBIF), designated by Turner 18 Nov 2020: 275, excluding flowering material mounted on the same sheet]).
      • Note: Chakrabarty et al. (21 Nov 2020) designated M. Ramos & D. Deroy 22587 (collected in province of Cavite, Luzon, Phillipines, April–May 1915; deposited at L.2501149^(GBIF)) as neotype just 3 days after the publication of Turner's paper and Chakrabarty & Kumar (2020) recognize the later one is to be superseded.
    • Type locality: Philippines. Mindanao: Butuan Subprovince.
• Heterotypic
  • Pentaptera mollis C.Presl, Epimel. Bot. (Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., ser. 5, 6): 214 (1851)
    • Note: some consider that this name is synonymous with Terminalia microcarpa Decne. subsp. microcarpa.
    • Type: H. Cuming 1004 (C [C10009549^(JSTOR)], E [​E00273940^{(GBIF, JSTOR)}], M-0146685 / 480102 / 177797^{(GBIF, JSTOR)}, P {P02286591^{(GBIF, JSTOR)}, P02286592^{(GBIF, JSTOR)}}).
    • Type locality: [The Phillipines.] Luzon, Pangasanar Province.
  • Pentaptera pyrifolia C.Presl, Epimel. Bot. (Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., ser. 5, 6): 215 (1851)
    • Type: J.W. Helfer s.n. (Lectotype: CAL [​CAL0000212253 (163883), designated by Chakrabarty & Kumar 2023: 288]).
    • Type locality: [Burma.] Moulmine [= Mawlamyine].
  • Terminalia pyrifolia (C.Presl) Kurz, Prelim. Rep. Forest Pegu, App. A: lix (1875); not accepted by Turner (2020) and Chakrabarty & Kumar (2023) [cited as T. calamansanai]
  • Terminalia papilio Hance, J. Bot. 15: 333 (1877); not accepted by Toyama et al. (2013) and Turner (2020) [cited as T. calamansanai]
    • Type: L. Pierre s.n. [Herb. Hance 19745] (Lectotype: BM [designated by Turner 2020: 275]).
    • Type locality: [Vietnam.] Ins. Phu kok [= Phú Quốc].
  • Terminalia bialata var. cuneifolia C.B.Clarke, Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 2: 449 (1878); not accepted by Turner (2020) and Chakrabarty & Kumar (2023) [cited as T. calamansanai]
    • Types:
      • Lectotype: N. Wallich 315 [EIC 3972, p.p.] (22 October [1826]; K-W [​K001117791^{(GBIF, JSTOR)}, designated by Turner 2020: 275]).
      • Syntypes:
        • Wallich 3972 ([anno 1826]; K [​K001117792^{(GBIF, JSTOR)}]).
        • Helfer Kew Distrib. No. 2182 (K {K000786087^{(GBIF, JSTOR)}, K000786088^{(GBIF, JSTOR)}}).
    • Type locality:
      • Lectotype: Burma. Ava[Inwa].
      • K001117792: Burma. Prome[Pyay].
      • Helfer: Burma, Tenasserim[Tanintharyi] [and Andamans].
  • Terminalia mollis S.Vidal, Phan. Cuming. Philipp.: 30, 112 (1885), nom. illeg., non M.A.Lawson (1871)
  • Myrobalanus pyrifolia (C.Presl) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 237 (1891)
    • Note: Kuntze cites basionym author incorrectly as 'S. Kurz'.
  • Terminalia blancoi Merr., Philipp. J. Sci., C 4: 645 (1909); not accepted by Turner (2020) [cited as T. calamansanai]
    • Note: citation included in the original description: "Terminalia mollis Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 17 (1904) 34, non Presl."
    • Type: Decades of Philippine Forest Flora No. 2 [Ahern's Collector leg.] (Lectotype: NY [​NY00245999^{(GBIF, JSTOR)}, designated by Turner 2020: 275]; Isolectotype: US [​US00117589 (447289)^{(GBIF, JSTOR)}]).
    • Type locality: Philippines. Luzon: Province of Rizal.
  • Terminalia calamansanai var. acuminata Merr., Philipp. J. Sci., C 4: 646 (1909); not accepted by Turner (2020) [cited as T. calamansanai]
    • Type: E.D. Merrill 1067 (August–September 1902; Lectotype: NY [​NY00246000^{(GBIF, JSTOR)}, designated by Turner 2020: 276]; Isolectotype: US [​US00117607 (436041)^{(GBIF, JSTOR)}]).
    • Type locality: Philippines. Luzon: Province of Tayabas (Principe), Baler.
  • Terminalia calamansanai var. platypteris Merr., Philipp. J. Sci., C 4: 646 (1909); not accepted by Turner (2020) [cited as T. calamansanai]
    • Type: W.M. Maule For. Bur. 371 (March 1904; Lectotype: NY [​NY00246001^{(GBIF, JSTOR)}, designated by Turner 2020: 275]; Isolectotype: US [​US00117606 (852186)^{(GBIF, JSTOR)}]).
    • Type locality: Philippines. Luzon: Province of Zambales, Subic.
  • Terminalia oryzetorum Craib; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928(2): 69 (1928); not accepted by Turner (2020) [cited as T. calamansanai]
    • Type: A.F.G. Kerr 5671 (in fruit, 25 March 1922; Lectotype: K [​K000786200^{(GBIF, JSTOR)}, designated by Turner 2020: 276]; Isolectotypes: ABD [​ABDUH:2/270], BM [​BM000947099^{(GBIF, JSTOR)}], NY [​NY00245995^{(GBIF, JSTOR)}], P [​P02286610^{(GBIF, JSTOR)}]).
    • Type locality: Siam [= Thailand]. Mûang Pichit, 50 m., scattered through paddy fields.
  • Terminalia latialata C.T.White, J. Arnold Arbor. 10(4): 249 (1929); not accepted by Turner (2020) [cited as T. calamansanai]
    • Type: L.J. Brass 1147 (in fruit, 15 March 1926; Lectotype: A 00068656^{(GBIF, JSTOR)} [designated by Turner 2020: 276]; Isolectotypes: BM [​BM000947096^{(GBIF, JSTOR)}], BRI-AQ0354016^(JSTOR) [monochrome photocopy at LAE 91426^{(Plants of Papua New Guinea)}], K [​K000786165^{(GBIF, JSTOR)}).
    • Type locality: Papua New Guinea. Lower Vailala River, rain-forests.

• Terminalia bialata Fern-Vill., Nov. App.: 80 (1880), non 'Kurz', Forest Fl. Burma 1: 456 (1877)
  • Note: When Rolfe cites T. bialata Fern.-Vill. as a synonym of this taxon, he distinguishes it from T. bialata 'Kurz'. Kurz in his Forest Fl. Burma, vol. 1 (1877) cited by Blanco (1880), however, attributes authority of Terminalia bialata to Wall..

• Inclusion of Andaman Is. in native range seems to depend on where T. bialata (Roxb.) Steud. is to be placed. Chakrabarty et al. (2009) and Chakrabarty & Kumar (2023) distinguish both taxa, while Toyama et al. (2013) place T. bialata under T. calamansanai.

• Rolfe, R.A. 1884. On the Flora of the Philippine Islands, and its probable Derivation. Journal of the Linnean Society. Botany 21(135): 283–316. BHL Reference page. 

• Blanco, M. 1845. Flora de Filipinas. Segun el Sistema sexual de Linneo. Ed. 2. 619 pp. M. Sanchez, Manila. BHL. Reference page. 
• Presl, K.B. 1851. Epimeliae Botanicae. Abhandlungen der Königlichen Böhmischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften ser. 5, 6: 361–624, 15 tabs. BHL Reference page. 
• Kurz, S. 1875. Preliminary Report on the Forest and other Vegetation of Pegu. 97 pp. + Appendix. A. (cxxxviii pp.) + Appendix B. (95 pp.) + Appendix C. (xxiv pp.) + Appendix E. (34 pp.). Calcutta: C. B. Lewis Baptist Mission Press. BHL. Reference page. 
• Hance, H.F. 1877. Corolla Pierreana; sive Stirpium Cambodianarum a cl. L. Pierre, horti bot. Saigonensis præposito, lectarum Eclogæ. Journal of Botany, British and Foreign 15: 327–338. BHL. Reference page. 
• Kurz, S. 1877. Forest Flora of British Burma. Vol. 1. Calcutta. BHL Reference page. 
• Hooker, J.D., assisted by various botanists. 1876–1879. The Flora of British India Vol. 2. Sabiaceae to Cornaceae. 792 pp. London: L. Reeve. BHL Reference page. 
• Blanco, M., Náves, A. & Fernández-Villar, C.. 1880–1883. Flora de Filipinas / por el P. Fr. Manuel Blanco, agustino calzado, adicionada con el manuscrito inédito del P. Fr. Ignacio Mercado, las obras del P. Fr. Antonio Llanos y de un apéndice con todas las nuevas investigaciones botánicas referentes al Archipiélago Filipino. ; Gran edicion / hecha á expensas de la provincia de agustinos calzados de Filipinas bajo la direccion cientifica y literaria de los PP. agustinos calzados Fr. Andrés Naves y Fr. Celestino Fernandez-Villar. Ed. 3, Vol. IV. 212 pp, Manila. Biblioteca Digital. Reference page. 
• Kuntze, O. 1891. Revisio generum plantarum vascularium omnium atque cellularium multarum secundum leges nomenclaturae internationales cum enumeratione plantarum exoticarum in itinere mundi collectarum. Pars I. Pp. I–CLV, 1–374. Arthur Felix, Leipzig [etc.] BHL Reference page. 
• Merrill, E.D. 1909. A Preliminary Revision of Philippine Combretaceae. The Philippine Journal of Science, Section C. Botany 4(5): 641–650. BHL Reference page. 
• Craib 1928. Contributions to the Flora of Siam. Additamentum XXIV. Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew) 1928(2): 69. DOI: 10.2307/4107648 .
• White, C.T. 1929. Ligneous Plants Collected in the Territory of Papua (British New Guinea) in 1925–26 by L. J. Brass. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 10(4): 197–274. BHL. Reference page. 
• Chakrabarty, T., Lakra, G.S. & Chauhan, A.S. 2009. The family Combretaceae of Andaman and Nicobar islands. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 33: 194–202. ResearchGate . Reference page.  [see pages 199–200]
• Toyama, H., Tagane, S., Chhang, P., Kajisa, T., Ichihashi, R., Vanna Samreth, Vuthy Ma, Heng Sokh, Katayama, A., Itadani, H., Tateishi, M., Tachiki, Y., Mase, K., Onoda, Y., Mizoue, N., Tachida, H. & Yahara, T. 2013. Inventory of the Woody Flora in Permanent Plots of Kampong Thom and Kampong Chhnang Provinces, Cambodia. Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica 64(2): 45–105. DOI: 10.18942/apg.KJ00008877422 . Reference page.  [see page 75]
• Turner, I.M. 2020. A synopsis of the native Combretaceae in the Malay Peninsula. Webbia 75(2): 263–280. DOI: 10.36253/jopt-8891 . Reference page. 
• Chakrabarty, T., Maina, V. & Naik, M.C. 2020. Ethnobotany of the Jarawa tribe of Andaman Islands, India (with an appendix on typifications and taxonomic notes). Howrah, India: Tapas Chakrabarty. ISBN 978-93-5416-617-4
• Chakrabarty, T. & Kumar, A. 2023. A synopsis of Indo-Burmese Combretaceae. Brittonia 75(3): 269–299. DOI: 10.1007/s12228-023-09756-w (via Wikipedia Library ). Reference page. 

• USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Terminalia calamansanai in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 09-Oct-10.
• IUCN: Terminalia calamansanai (Blanco) Rolfe (Least Concern) - Assessed by IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group & Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI) on 12 June 2018 and published in 2019.
• Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Terminalia calamansanai in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2021 May 14. Reference page. 
• International Plant Names Index. 2021. Terminalia calamansanai. Published online. Accessed: 14 May 2021.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. 2023. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset. Taxon: Terminalia calamansanai. Accessed: 2023 November 28.
• Govaerts, R. et al. 2023. Terminalia bialata in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2023 November 28. Reference page. 
• Govaerts, R. et al. 2023. Terminalia calamansanai in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2023 November 28. Reference page. 
• Hassler, M. 2023. World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. . Terminalia calamansanai. Accessed: 28 November 2023.

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