Standard Oil
Standard Oil Co. Inc. je bilo ameriško naftno/plinsko podjetje, ki je obstajalo v letih 1870−1911. Svoj čas je bil največje naftno podjetje in hkrati tudi največja korporacija na svetu. Leta 1911 je ameriško vrhovno sodišče razsodilo, da gre za ilegalen monopol, zato so podjetje razdelili v več manjših podjetij, večina od njih pod različnimi imeni še vedno obstaja.
 | |
| Tip | Cleveland, Ohio Korporacija (1870–1882) Trust (1882–1892) New Jersey Holding (1899–1911)[1] |
|---|---|
| Panoga | Naftna industrija |
| Ustanovitev | 1870 |
| Ukinitev | 1911 |
| Sedež | Cleveland, Ohio (1870–1885) New York City, New York (1885–1911)[2] |
| Ključni ljudje | John D. Rockefeller, ustanovitelj Stephen V. Harkness, Henry M. Flagler John H. Swearingen John D. Archbold William Rockefeller Samuel Andrews Charles Pratt Henry H. Rogers Oliver H. Payne Joseph Emory Edens Daniel O'Day Jabez A. Bostwick William G. Warden,[3] Jacob Vandergrift,[4] |
| Produkti | Naftni derivati |
| Št. zaposlenih | 60000 (1909)[5] |
Podjetje so leta 1870 v Ohiu ustanovili partnerji: John D. Rockefeller, njegov brat William Rockefeller, Henry Flagler, kemik Samuel Andrews, Stephen V. Harkness in Oliver Burr Jennings.
Nasledniki Standard Oil-a
uredi- Standard Oil of New Jersey (SONJ) - ali Esso (S.O.) – se je združil s Humble Oil v podjetje Exxon, zdaj del ExxonMobila
- Standard Oil of New York – ali Socony, se je združil z Vacuum – potem preimenoval v Mobil, zdaj del ExxonMobila
- Standard Oil of California – ali Socal – preimenovan v Chevron, kasneje postal ChevronTexaco, pozneje spet Chevron
- Standard Oil of Indiana - ali Stanolind, preimenovan v Amoco (American Oil Co.) – zdaj del BP-ja
- Standard Atlantic Petroleum se je združil z Richfield v Atlantic Richfield Company ali ARCO, kasneje postal del BP-ja, potem prodan družbi Tesoro, del pa podjetju Sunoco
- Standard Oil of Kentucky – ali Kyso, trenutno del Chevrona
- Standard Oil of Ohio – ali Sohio, postal del BPja leta 1987
- The Ohio Oil Co. – trenutno znan kot Marathon Petroleum
Glej tudi
urediReference
uredi- ↑ »John D. and Standard Oil«. Bowling Green State University. Pridobljeno 7. maja 2008.
- ↑ »Rockefellers Timeline«. PBS. Arhivirano iz prvotnega spletišča dne 31. oktobra 2012. Pridobljeno 7. maja 2008.
- ↑ WARDEN WINTER HOME - Florida Historical Markers on Waymarking.com
- ↑ Jacob Vandergrift…Transportation Pioneer | Oil150.com
- ↑ The Project Gutenberg eBook of Random Reminiscences, by John D. Rockefeller
Bibliografija
uredi- Anderson, Irvine H. Jr., The Standard-Vacuum Oil Co. and United States East Asian Policy, 1933-1941, Princeton University Press, 1975.
- Bringhurst, Bruce. Antitrust and the Oil Monopoly: The Standard Oil Cases, 1890–1911. New York: Greenwood Press, 1979.
- Chernow, Ron. Titan: The Life of John D. Rockefeller, Sr. London: Warner Books, 1998.
- Cochran, S., Encountering Chinese Networks: Western, Japanese, and Chinese Corporations in China, 1880-1937, University of California Press, 2000.
- Droz, R.V. Whatever Happened to Standard Oil?, 2004. Retrieved June 25, 2005.
- Folsom, Jr., Burton W. John D. Rockefeller and the Oil Industry from The Myth of the Robber Barons. New York: Young America, 2003.
- Hidy, Ralph W. and Muriel E. Hidy. History of Standard Oil Co. (New Jersey : Pioneering in Big Business 1882–1911). New York: Ayer Co. Publishing, 1987.
- Jones; Eliot. The Trust Problem in the United States 1922. Chapter 5; online edition
- Klein, Henry H. Dynastic America and Those Who Own It. New York: Kessinger Publishing, [1921] Reprint, 2003.
- Knowlton, Evelyn H. and George S. Gibb. History of Standard Oil Co.: Resurgent Years 1911–1927. New York: Harper & Row, 1956.
- Larson, Henrietta M., Evelyn H. Knowlton and Charles S. Popple. New Horizons 1927–1950 (History of Standard Oil Co. (New Jersey), Volume 3). New York: Harper & Row, 1971.
- Latham, Earl ed. John D. Rockefeller: Robber Baron or Industrial Statesman?, 1949. Primary and secondary sources.
- Manns, Leslie D. "Dominance in the Oil Industry: Standard Oil from 1865 to 1911" in David I. Rosenbaum ed, Market Dominance: How Firms Gain, Hold, or Lose it and the Impact on Economic Performance. Praeger, 1998. online edition
- Montague, Gilbert Holland. The Rise And Progress of the Standard Oil Co. (1902) online edition
- Montague, Gilbert Holland. "The Rise and Supremacy of the Standard Oil Co.," Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 16, No. 2 (February, 1902), pp. 265–292 in JSTOR
- Nevins, Allan. John D. Rockefeller: The Heroic Age of American Enterprise. 2 vols. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1940.
- Nevins, Allan. Study In Power: John D. Rockefeller, Industrialist and Philanthropist. 2 vols. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1953.
- Nowell, Gregory P. (1994). Mercantile States and the World Oil Cartel, 1900–1939. Cornell University Press.
- Tarbell, Ida M. The History of the Standard Oil Co., 1904. The famous original expose in McClure's Magazine of Standard Oil.
- Wall, Bennett H. Growth in a Changing Environment: A History of Standard Oil Co. (New Jersey), Exxon Corp., 1950–1975. New York: Harpercollins, 1989.
- Williamson, Harold F. and Arnold R. Daum. The American Petroleum Industry: The Age of Illumination, 1859–1899, 1959: vol 2, American Petroleum Industry: the Age of Energy 1899–1959, 1964. The standard history of the oil industry. online edition of vol 1
- Yergin, Daniel. The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money, and Power. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1991.
Zunanje povezave
urediWikimedijina zbirka ponuja več predstavnostnega gradiva o temi: Standard Oil.
- The Dismantling of The Standard Oil Trust
- The History of the Standard Oil Co. by Ida Tarbell
- Educate Yourself- Standard Oil -- Part I
- Witch-hunting Arhivirano 2018-09-12 na Wayback Machine. for Robber Barons: The Standard Oil Story by Lawrence W. Reed—argues Standard Oil was not a coercive monopoly.
- The Truth About the "Robber Barons"—arguing that Stand Oil was not a monopoly.
- Google Books: Dynastic America and Those Who Own It, 2003 (1921), by Henry H. Klein
- Standard Oil Trust original Stock Certificate signed by John. D. Rockefeller, William Rockefeller, Henry M. Flagler and Jabez Abel Bostwick - 1882 Arhivirano 2018-09-12 na Wayback Machine.
- Whatever happened to Standard Oil?: Pre-1911 and Post-1911 Arhivirano 2006-06-18 na Wayback Machine.—Timeline of the various subsidiaries
- Standard Oil around the World: Post-1911 Arhivirano 2013-09-28 na Wayback Machine.
- CHARLES A. WHITESHOT: THE OIL-WELL DRILLER.A HISTORY OF THE WORLD'S GREATEST ENTERPRISE, THE OIL INDUSTRY Publisher: MANNINGTON 1905