Hirohito
Hirohito (29 April 1901 – 7 January 1989) was the 124th emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession,[1] reigning from 25 December 1926, until his death on 7 January 1989.[2] He was succeeded by his eldest son, Akihito. In Japan, reigning emperors are known simply as "the Emperor" and he is now referred to primarily by his posthumous name, Emperor Shōwa (昭和天皇).
| Shōwa (Hirohito) | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Emperor of Japan | |
| Reign | 25 December 1926 – 7 January 1989 (62 years, 13 days) |
| Predecessor | Taishō |
| Successor | Akihito |
| Born | April 29, 1901 Tokyo |
| Died | January 7, 1989 (aged 87) Tokyo |
| Burial | Imperial Mausoleum (多摩御陵, Tama Goryō) |
The name "Shōwa" was given to Hirohito after he died. Emperors of Japan are normally renamed in this way; and people started using the new name in 1990.[3] During his long reign, many people outside Japan call him Emperor Hirohito,[4] or just Hirohito.[5]
Events of Shōwa's life
changePrince Hirohito was named regent for his father in 1921. he became emperor after his father's death.[5]
World War II
changeHirohito was the emperor of Japan during the Second Sino-Japanese War which became World War 2 (1931 to 1945). Though he was supposed to be an absolute monarch (an emperor who can make all the laws and rules), most of the power in the Japanese Government during this time was held by Japan's Prime Minister Hideki Tōjō and the military. Hirohito's role in WW2 is controversial.[6]
Constitutional monarch
changeAfter Japan's defeat in the war, the role of emperor changed. The emperor became a symbol of the state.[5]
Hirohito was the first emperor to travel outside Japan. He visited Europe in 1971 and he traveled to the United States in 1975.[5]
After his death
changeEmperor Showa died of small intestine cancer and was succeeded by his son, Prince Akihito.
The state funeral for the late emperor was an international event. World leaders attending the funeral included U.S. President George H. W. Bush, French President François Mitterrand, and the Duke of Edinburgh.
Emperor Shōwa is buried in the Imperial Mausoleum in Hachiōji, along with Emperor Taishō.[1]
Selected works
changeIn an overview of writings by and about Hirohito, OCLC/WorldCat includes roughly 900+ works in 1,500 publications in 15 languages and 31,000 library holdings .[7]
- 1967 – A Review of the Hydroids of the Family Clathrozonidae with Description of a New Genus and Species from Japan.
- 1969 – Some hydroids from the Amakusa Islands.
- 1971 – Additional notes on Clathrozoon wilsoni Spencer.
- 1974 – Some hydrozoans of the Bonin Islands
- 1977 – Five hydroid species from the Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea.
- 1983 – Hydroids from Izu Oshima and Nijima.
- 1984 – A new hydroid Hydractinia bayeri n. sp. (family Hydractiniidae) from the Bay of Panama.
- 1988 – The hydroids of Sagami Bay collected by His Majesty the Emperor of Japan.
- 1995 – The hydroids of Sagami Bay II.
Honors
change- Order of the Chrysanthemum, Japan
- Order of the Rising Sun, Japan
- Order of the Sacred Treasure, Japan
- Order of the Garter (KG), UK[8]
- Fellow of the Royal Society, UK[9]
Notes
changeRelated pages
changeReferences
change- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Imperial Household Agency (Kunaichō), 昭和天皇 (124); retrieved 2011-10-16.
- ↑ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric et al. (2002). "Traditional order of Tennō" in Japan encyclopedia, pp. 962-963.
- ↑ Nussbaum, "Shōwa Tennō" at p. 889.
- ↑ According to Japanese custom, the personal name of a reigning Emperor is not used during his reign; and instead, he is only described as "his Majesty the Emperor" (天皇陛下, Tennō Heika) or "his current Majesty" (今上陛下, Kinjō Heika)
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Nussbaum, "Hirohito" at p. 318.
- ↑ WWII, Death & Facts
- ↑ WorldCat Identities: Hirohito Emperor of Japan 1901-1989
- ↑ "Britain wanted limited restoration of royal family's honors, Archived 2012-01-19 at the Wayback Machine" Japan Policy & Politics. January 7, 2002.
- ↑ Corner, E. J. H. (1990). "His Majesty Emperor Hirohito of Japan, K. G. 29 April 1901-7 January 1989". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society, Vol. 36, pp. 242–226; retrieved 2011-10-16.
Notes
Further reading
change- Bix, Herbert P. (2000). Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan. New York: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-019314-0; OCLC 247018161
Other websites
change Media related to Emperor Shōwa at Wikimedia Commons
| Preceded by Emperor Taishō |
Emperor of Japan Shōwa 1926-1989 |
Succeeded by Akihito |