Univerzitet Al-Karaouine
34°3′52″N 4°58′24″W / 34.06444°N 4.97333°W
| Univerzitet Al-Karaouine | |
|---|---|
| جامعة القرويين Jāmi`at al-Qarawīīn | |
 unutrašnjost džamije i univerziteta Al Karaouine Mosque | |
| Historija | |
| Osnivanje | 859[1][2][3] 1947 kao moderni univerzitet |
| Generalno | |
| Vrsta | trenutno: islamski ranije: opće znanje |
| Religijska pripadnost | Islam |
| Administracija | |
| Akademsko osoblje | 1025 (2012) |
| Studenti | |
| Broj studenata | 8120 (2012) |
| Lokacija | |
| Sjedište – grad – država | Fes  Maroko |
| Kampus | urbani kampus |
Univerzitet Al-Karaouine ili Al-Qarawiyyin (arapski: جامعة القرويين; berberski: ⵜⵉⵎⵣⴳⵉⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵍⵇⴰⵕⴰⵡⵉⵢⵢⵉⵏ; francuski: Université Al Quaraouiyine) (ostale transliteracije uključuju Qarawiyin, Kairouyine, Kairaouine, Qairawiyin, Qaraouyine, Quaraouiyine, Quarawin i Qaraouiyn) je univerzitet u marokanskom gradu Fes osnovan 859.[1][4][5][6] Bio je i još uvijek predstavlja jedno od glavnih duhovnih i obrazovnih središta muslimanskog svijeta.
Al-Karaouine je igrao važnu ulogu u razvoju kulturnih i akademskih odnosa između islamskog svijeta i Evrope u srednjem vijeku. Kartograf Muhamed al-Idrisi (u. 1166), čije su karte pomogle evropskim istraživačima u doba Renesanse je živio neko vrijeme u Fesu, zbog čega se pretpostavlja da je radio ili studirao na Al Karaouineu. Univerzitet je proizveo brojne učenjake koji su snažno uticali na intelektualnu i akademsku historiju među muslimanima i Jevrejima. Među njima su Ibn Rushayd al-Sabti (u. 1321), Mohammed Ibn al-Hajj al-Abdari al-Fasi (u. 1336), Abu Imran al-Fasi (u. 1015), glavni teoretičar Maliki škole islamske pravne nake, Leo Africanus, poznati putnik i pisac te Rabbi Moshe ben Maimon.
Al Karaouine se od strane Guinnessove knjige rekorda,[7] the UNESCO[8] i brojnih historičara[2][3][4][5][6][9][10][11][12][13] smatra najstarijim kontinuiranim univerzitetom na svijetu. Te se tvrdnje, međutim osporavaju od strane historičara koji smatraju da su srednjovjekovnih univerziteti u islamskom svijetu i srednjovjekovni evropski univerziteti bili bitno različite institucije sve do najnovijeg doba,[14] te da su certifikati drugačijeg karaktera.[15][16][17]
Godine 1947. je reorganiziran na način da odgovara većini modernih univerziteta u današnjem svijetu.
Izvori
uredi- ↑ 1,0 1,1 „Qarawiyin”. Encyclopedia Britannica. Pristupljeno 8. XII 2011.
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 The Report: Morocco 2009 - Page 252 Oxford Business Group "... yet for many Morocco's cultural, artistic and spiritual capital remains Fez. The best-preserved ... School has been in session at Karaouine University since 859, making it the world's oldest continuously operating university. "
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 Esposito, John (2003). The Oxford Dictionary of Islam. Oxford University Press. str. 328. ISBN 0-1951-2559-2.
- ↑ 4,0 4,1 Joseph, S, and Najmabadi, A. Encyclopedia of Women & Islamic Cultures: Economics, education, mobility, and space. Brill, 2003, p. 314.
- ↑ 5,0 5,1 Swartley, Keith. Encountering the World of Islam. Authentic, 2005, p. 74.
- ↑ 6,0 6,1 Kettani, M. Ali. Engineering Education in the Arab World. Middle East Journal, 1974, 28(4):441.
- ↑ The Guinness Book Of Records, Published 1998, ISBN 0-553-57895-2, P.242
- ↑ [UNESCO World Heritage Centre,The Medina of Fez http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/170]
- ↑ Illustrated Dictionary of the Muslim World, Publisher: Marshall Cavendish, 2010 [1] p.161
- ↑ Hidden Giants, 2nd Edition, by Sethanne Howard, Publisher: Lulu.com 2008 [2] p.60
- ↑ Civilization: The West and the Rest by Niall Ferguson, Publisher: Allen Lane 2011 - ISBN 978-1-84614-273-4
- ↑ The marketisation of higher education and the student as consumer by Mike Molesworth & Richard Scullion, Publisher: Taylor & Francis 2010 [3] p.26
- ↑ Frommer's Morocco by Darren Humphrys, Publisher: John Wiley & Sons 2010 [4] p.223
- ↑ George Makdisi: "Madrasa and University in the Middle Ages", Studia Islamica, No. 32 (1970), pp. 255-264 (264):
Thus the university, as a form of social organization, was peculiar to medieval Europe. Later, it was exported to all parts of the world, including the Muslim East; and it has remained with us down to the present day. But back in the middle ages, outside of Europe, there was nothing anything quite like it anywhere.
- ↑ Makdisi, George (April–June 1989), „Scholasticism and Humanism in Classical Islam and the Christian West”, Journal of the American Oriental Society 109 (2): 175–182 (176)
- ↑ Pedersen, J.; Rahman, Munibur; Hillenbrand, R. "Madrasa." Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill, 2010, retrieved 20/03/2010
- ↑ Jomier, J. "al- Azhar (al-Ḏj̲āmiʿ al-Azhar)." Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill, 2010, retrieved 20/03/2010
Eksterni linkovi
uredi- ISESCO: Fez 2007 [5] Arhivirano 2008-12-11 na Wayback Machine-u
- UNIVERSITE QUARAOUIYINE - Fes Arhivirano 2011-07-22 na Wayback Machine-u (fr)
- Voice of America Article (ur)